A: Tang Dynasty

Introduction of Meng Haoran

Meng Haoran (689-740), male, Han nationality, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The real name is unknown (a surname is Hao), and the word is noble. He is a native of Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei) and is called "Meng Xiangyang" by the world. Awesome, not very virtuous, likes to help people in trouble, and his work is poetic. At the age of forty, when I visited the capital, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty recited his poems, reaching the language of "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes". Xuanzong said, "Since Qing didn't ask for an official position and I never abandoned her, why did you falsely accuse me?" After his release, he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain and wrote more than 200 poems. Meng Haoran and another pastoral poet, Wang Wei, are also called "Wang Meng".

Poetic style

Meng Haoran was the first poet who devoted himself to writing landscape poems in Tang Dynasty. He mainly writes landscape poems, and he is one of the representatives of the pastoral school of landscape poems. In the early stage, he mainly wrote political poems and frontier fortress ranger poems, and in the later stage, he mainly wrote landscape poems. Today, there are more than 200 poems, most of which were written when he wandered, and some of which were written when he visited his hometown Wanshan, Xianshan and Lumen Mountain. There are also several poems describing rural life. The geographical scope of this poem is quite extensive.

Landscape is the most important theme of poetry in the Southern Dynasties, which has experienced long-term development and made remarkable achievements. By Meng Haoran, landscape poetry has been promoted to a new height, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects: the relationship between emotion and scenery in poetry, www.aiyangedu.com not only sets off each other, but also is often a close combination of water and milk; The artistic conception of poetry is more pure and clear because all unnecessary and uncoordinated elements are eliminated; The structure of the poem is also more perfect. Meng Haoran prefers water rafting during his trip, as he himself said: "For many mountains and rivers, he often goes boating." (Jing Tan) His poems often describe the beauty of the water towns in the south of the Yangtze River and the interest caused by roaming.

The language of Meng Haoran's poetry is "light language but not light taste" (Shen Deqian's Poems), which does not communicate the strange and the different, but avoids the common. Some of his poems are often refined in simple descriptions, but the dense latitude and longitude seem to be inadvertently displayed, showing high artistic skill. For example, his masterpiece "Passing through the Old Village": Prepare chicken rice for me, old friend, you entertain me on your farm. Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city. Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops. Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.

Throughout the narrative, it seems to be homely, which is similar to Tao Yuanming's "Drinking" and other poems, but Tao wrote ancient style, but this poem is close to it. The couplet "We see green trees around your village, and the mountains in the distance are light blue" makes the finishing point to outline the typical environment of a village surrounded by green mountains and trees. There is also a five-line poem "Spring Dawn" that women and children can recite, which is also a subtle feeling of cherishing spring in natural language.

In addition, Meng Haoran often breaks through the limitation of the inherent formula in the use of poetic style, which makes him have a different interest. For example, in the poem "Looking at the boat in the middle", the flat and parallel tones are all in pentatonic format, but China's couplets are not parallel prose, which is full of ancient charm. Hu Yinglin's "Poems for Poetry" holds that such poems are "naturally short and ancient in the Six Dynasties, and if they rhyme, they will feel detached." Another example is going back to Lumen Mountain in the evening: the bell in the temple of the mountain rang the night, and I heard people in the fishing city hobbling on the ferry. People walked along the shore to Jiangcun village, and I also returned to Lumen by boat. The moonlight at the deer gate made the mountain tree appear, and I suddenly came to the seclusion of exile. Thatched doors and pine paths are lonely and quiet, and only strangers come and go.

This is a poetic poem, but it only writes down the journey all the way home at night, without extravagance. The scale of his writing system is similar to that of modern poetry, which absorbs the concise language of modern poetry and highlights the sentence structure of chorus, which is quite exciting to read.

These are different from the ancient body and full of free and easy feelings, which is also one of the manifestations of Meng's creation.