Source of surname:
Origin 1: Originated from Yao surname, from ancient times, belonging to the country name.
According to the Records of Surnames in China, he was born in the ruins of Yao and built his capital (now Yanqing) because of his surname Yao. Later, Pandi was moved to the north of Xingping, Shaanxi.
In Shang Dynasty, the descendants of Shun built Pan, which was destroyed at the end of Shang Dynasty. Later generations took the country as their surname, which was the beginning of Pan's family.
The second source: from the surname Ji, from the grandson of the Zhou Dynasty, belonging to Juyi.
The earliest origin of Panshi is closely related to Ji's surname.
Ji is the surname of Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation who lived in the Yellow River valley in ancient China. The Yellow Emperor is a legendary great tribal leader in the late primitive society of China and the pioneer of Chinese national civilization. The original surname of Huangdi was Gongsun, but he changed his surname to Ji because he lived in Jishui. Huangdi once lived in Li Xuanyuan (now Li Xuanyuan, Xinzheng, Henan Province), so he was called Huangdi, because he advocated soil virtue, and the soil was yellow.
Legend has it that the Yellow Emperor was a wise, capable and magical man of God. In the struggle for hegemony of tribes in the era of the Yellow Emperor, the Yellow Emperor annexed the tribal alliance of Jiang surname in Yan Di with various forces, defeated the tribal alliance of Jiang surname in Chiyou, won an absolute victory and conquered the Central Plains. Since then, the Yellow Emperor has become the highest representative of power, and Ji's surname has also become a noble surname. Later, many emperors and some obedient ethnic minorities were also proud of their surname Ji, claiming or being called descendants of the Yellow Emperor.
According to legend, the Yellow Emperor had twenty-five sons, and those with surnames had fourteen sons, making a total of twelve surnames. Later Tang, Yu, Xia, Shang, Zhou and Qin Dou were descendants of these surnames.
The ancestors of Xia, Shang and Zhou people were all related to the Yellow Emperor. The ancestor of the Xia Dynasty was Dayu, who was the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Qi, the ancestor of Shang Dynasty, was born to Zhu Di, the second princess of the great-grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Hou Ji, the ancestor of the Zhou Dynasty, was a descendant of Princess Jiang Yuan of Di Ku.
Hou Ji inherited Ji's surname, and later established Zhou. In Jichang, Jiang's fifteenth son was sealed in Bi State (now Xianyang, Shaanxi Province), later called Bi. Bi Gao Gong later became the minister of Zhou Kangwang Zhao Ji. Together with Gong and Ji, he assisted in the administration of state affairs, which greatly developed the economy, military and culture of the Zhou Dynasty, and formed the famous situation of "the rule of Cheng Kang".
According to the history book Yuan He Xing Bian, after graduation, he invited his son Ji to have dinner in (now Shaanxi An and Xianyang), and his descendants took the name of feudal city as the surname, known as Panshi, the source of Panshi in Shaanxi, and the authentic Panshi in history.
The third origin: originated from the secret surname, named after the ancestor of Pan Chong, a public family of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period.
According to the history book Genealogy, Lu Zhong, a descendant of Zhuan Xu, married the daughter of Ghost Fang. My aunt has been pregnant for three years, but the baby has never been born. Finally, Lv Zhong had to cut open Nuwa's left flank to take out three sons, and then cut open Nuwa's right flank to take out three sons. Among them, the sixth son is called Ji Lian and his surname is Mi. Xiong Ji, the descendant of Ji Lian, is knowledgeable and once worked as a teacher in Zhou Wenwang.
During the reign of Hehe, Xiong Yi, Feng's great grandson, established Jing State in Jingshan (present-day western Hubei). In the first year of Zhou Pingwang (740 BC), Xiong Tong, King of Jing claimed that his son Xiong Zi changed his country name to Chu in the eighth year of Zhouzhuang (689 BC, the first year of the King of Chu) and called him King of Chu.
At that time, Chu was a vast country, including Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, southern Shandong, central Henan and Dongting Lake in Hunan.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Pan Shi in Chu State, who was a descendant of Ji Lian, and his ancestral history was not recorded.
According to historical records such as the Origin of Surnames, Pan Shi Genealogy and Chu Jiazhi, Pan Chong, a doctor of the State of Chu, helped the King of Chu Chen succeed to the throne and was named as a Taishi. Later generations took his ancestor's name as his surname and called him Pan Shi. From then on, Pan Shi became a powerful family of Chu, where Jingchu Pan Shi came from.
When Yun Xiong, king of Chu, was in power, Pan Chong, a famous figure of Pan Shi family in Chu, was the master of governors and merchants. In the past, King Chu wanted to make his eldest son, Shang Chen, a prince, so he asked your son for advice. The son said, "Your Majesty is not old, and there are many concubines in the harem, so there is no need to allocate money in a hurry. Once the prince is established, it is easy to cause civil strife, national instability and national insecurity. In addition, Shang Chen looks very special, with bulging eyes like a wasp and a sharp voice like a jackal. This is cruel. He must be a vicious guy. It is not appropriate to make a minister a prince for the mountains and rivers of Chu. " However, in the end, King Chu did not listen to his son's advice and still appointed Shang Chen as the Prince.
A few years later, when the king of Chu was old, he wanted to abolish the ministers of Shang Dynasty and make Xiong, the youngest son born to his favorite princess, a prince.
I also heard the rumor about the abolition of Li, because he didn't know whether it was true or not, so he asked the teacher Pan Chong to discuss it. Pan Chong suggested that he deliberately offended Jiang Lan, the favorite sister of the King of Chu, so that he could distinguish the true from the false. Shang Chen acted according to the plan, deliberately disrespecting Gracilaria. Jiang was furious and scolded, "You beast! No wonder the king wants to kill you! "
The minister told Pan Chong what Jiang Qi had said. Pan Chong said, "Would you like to be a minister?" Shang Chen said, "No!" Pan Chong waited again: "Would you like to run?" Shang Chen replied: "No!" "Do you dare to do great things?" After a moment of meditation, Shang Chen said, "Dare!" So, at Pan Chong's instigation, Shang officials immediately called the East Palace guards, surrounded King Chu's residence and captured him alive.
King Chucheng knew he was born to die. Because I usually like to eat bear's paw, I asked for bear's paw before I died. But Shang Chen said, "Bear's paw is hard to cook, and it will take a long time to cook. Go to sleep! I can't wait any longer. " King Chu Cheng was forced by his eldest son to commit suicide.
After Shang Chen ascended the throne, he became King Chu Mu. In addition to promoting his teacher Pan Chong as a teacher, he also gave Pan Chong a great reward and gave him all his belongings to show his favor. Since then, the Pan Shi family has become a powerful family in Chu.
Due to the special favor of the king of Chu, the Pan Chong family developed rapidly, and the footprints of future generations were almost all over Chu. The celebrities who recorded Panshi in the Spring and Autumn Period in ancient books are almost all Chu figures. Today, there are descendants of Panshi in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Henan.
The fourth origin: from Xianbei nationality, from the broken Duoluo clan in Xianbei in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, belonging to the Han surname.
In the seventeenth year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 495), Tuobohong (Justin), Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, officially moved his capital from Pingcheng (now Datong, Shanxi) to Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan).
In order to make Xianbei people adapt to the change from nomadic life to farming life and learn the advanced culture of the Han nationality, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty adopted a series of measures to reform the old customs of Xianbei people and promote national integration, such as Xianbei people changing into Han costumes; Advocate and encourage Xianbei nobles to intermarry with Han gentry; Xianbei language is not allowed to be used in the court, only Chinese can be used; Xianbei people who moved to Luoyang all took Luoyang as their native place; Change Xianbei surname to Han surname, and so on.
In the process of large-scale sinicization reform in the Northern Wei Dynasty, all the complicated and difficult-to-remember Xianbei surnames were changed into one-character or two-character Han surnames. The method of sinicization is to translate the first word of Xianbei surname into the corresponding Chinese characters according to the principle of homophonic translation, in which the first sound of Duoduo Roche is homophonic with the Chinese character "Pan", so Duoduo Roche is changed to Pan.
Since then, this descendant, whose surname was changed from Xianbei to Panshi, has remained in the Central Plains and gradually merged with the Han nationality, becoming one of the main sources of Panshi in Henan.
The fifth origin: it originated from the Mongols, came from the neighboring areas of Mongolia in the Yuan Dynasty, and belonged to a tribe whose name was translated into Chinese.
According to historical records, "Qing Dynasty annals, clan raiders, in the name of Mongolian Eight Banners", which records:
Mongolian Balinese, who originated from the descendants of Prime Minister Bahrain Bo Yan of Yuan Dynasty, took the land as their surname and lived in Bahrain (Boli, now Harbrovsk, Russia), Chahar (now Zhangjiakou, Hebei, including part of Wulanchabu League, Xilin Gol League, and part of Shanxi) and Yehe (now Lishu, Jilin). Later, Manchu and Ewenki were taken as surnames, and Manchu was Bahraini Hara.
After the middle of Qing Dynasty, the families of Mongolian, Manchu and Ewenki Bahrainis were named Pan, Zhan and Bai respectively.
The sixth origin: from Manchu, from Ili, the Nuzhen in the East China Sea during the Ming Dynasty, belonging to the Chinese name change.
According to the Qing dynasty annals, imperial clan policy, Manchu Eight Banners surname records:
The Illili family of Manchu, also known as Illili family, Illili family and Illili family, is called Illihara in Manchu, which means "Kai" in Chinese, and lives in Wula (now Yongji, Jilin), Yehe (now Pear Tree, Jilin), You Fei (now Hunchun, Jilin), Alincheng, Han Yi (now northeast Jilin15km), Songhua River and other places. After that, Xibe people were taken as surnames.
After the mid-Qing Dynasty, Pan Shi, Yi, He, Zhao, Ni, Su, Xu Shi, Yue, Yu, Xie, Bai, Hao, Jin, Li, etc.
Seventh Origin: Originated from Gaoshan nationality, it came from A Mu, chief of Taiwan Province Dashe Society in Qing Dynasty, and belonged to the surname given by the emperor.
In the 22nd year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (37th year of Emperor Zheng Keshuang of Yanping, Taiwan Province, AD 1683), the Qing army recovered Taiwan Province Province, and the Qing army surrendered in two directions in Yanping, Dongning, and Dongning, which was divided overseas, perished. Since then, A Mu, the chief of Taiwan Province Anshi Dashe (now Shenzhen Port Area, Taichung City, Taiwan Province Province), led the army into the Manchu government, and was given the surname of Pan Shi by Emperor Kangxi, who was the local official of Anshi Dashe for generations.
In the 11th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1885, 10, 12), on September 5th, the Qing court issued a decree to formally establish a province in Taiwan Province Province, and changed the governor of Fujian Province to the governor of Taiwan Province Province, and decided that Liu Mingchuan, the hero of the Anti-French War and the former governor of Fujian Province, would be appointed. Since then, Taiwan Province Province has become the 20th province of the Manchu government.
In the 12th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1886), the Taiwan Province Provincial Government established the General Bureau of Reclamation, with more than ten sub-bureaus. Liu Mingchuan was appointed as the Minister of Fu Ken and began to take the lead in "Fu Fan". He sent troops into the mountain road, appointed local officials and cronies to do the work of "Fan Tusi" and made a big fuss. For the "Fan Min" after Zhaofu, a "Fan School" was set up to educate local officials, instruct them to distribute clothes, teach them to dress and let them know etiquette. He also helped Gaoshan compatriots get rid of the bad habit of killing people to drive away epidemics, and publicized the truth that people should not kill people through teaching and singing pop songs. Liu Mingchuan wants all localities to "seriously teach, regardless of boys and girls, sing and explain day and night, make it a household name, and gradually learn the way of human relations". According to historical records, in the 12th-13th year of Guangxu (A.D. 1886- 1887), more than 400 people from Fanshe and 80,000 people from Fan Min were recruited on the island of Taiwan Province Province, and hundreds of thousands of acres of farmland were reclaimed.
In the meantime, the Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province Province entered the Qing court, and then Liu Mingchuan, the governor of Taiwan Province Province, gave Pan Shi according to the precedent of the Qing Dynasty, forming the Pan Shi family of Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province Province today.
The eighth origin: from other ethnic minorities, belonging to sinicization and changing their surnames.
Among today's ethnic minorities such as Shui, Jing, Tujia, Yi, Yao, Mulao, Hui, Zhuang and Buyi, there are Pan clan members. The detailed information will be supplemented after the author takes the time to research.
Ancestors are Ji, Pan Chong and A Mu.
China bone
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