Cang Kejia (1905. 10.8-) was born in Cheng Nuo. /kloc-Before the age of 0/8, he lived in the countryside of Jiaodong Peninsula. 65438-0923 entered the First Normal School of Jinan Province. Influenced by the May 4th Movement, he learned to write poems. 1925' s first novel "Bie Bie and the plough" contains "Yu Si". /kloc-in the autumn of 0/926, Kao Ren took part in the campaign against the reactionary army Xia Douyin at the Central Military and Political School. After the failure of the Great Revolution, he fled to the northeast. 1929 He entered the cram school of Qingdao University and published Tao Xin's Silent Night in the Woods. 1934 graduated from Chinese Department of National Shandong University. At school, Wen Yiduo and Wang Tongzhao encouraged and helped me to write new poems. 1932 published his first poem "Refugees" in the seventh issue of Volume 4 of New Moon. 1933 published the first book of poetry, Brand. Then he published two poems, Black Hands of Evil, Canal and a long poem, Self-portrait. From 65438 to 0936, Cang Kejia joined the Chinese Writers Association and was one of the pioneers of China's realistic new poetry. He inherited and developed the realistic tradition of new poetry from two aspects. First, he extended the singing of new poems to farmers and rural areas in old China. Before him, no poet could describe farmers and countryside so successfully. Secondly, he promoted the construction of China's modern narrative poems, that is, the blending of the poet's inner world and the outer world. Cang Kejia is a charming poet in China. He consciously absorbed nutrition from China's classical poems and modernized them, casting the China style of his works. His poems have implicit lyrical ways, emphasizing "hiding", poetry is outside the poem, and the pen has hidden front; His poems use a simple and refined way of speaking, refined and ingenious; His poems pursue a harmonious and pleasing musical way, and "knocking" is one of the criteria for Cang Kejia to refine Chinese characters. He seeks the harmony of syllables, sonorous and moving, and increases the aesthetic feeling of readers' hearing. In the history of the development of new poetry, there are few realistic poets with China style like Cang Kejia, which is worthy of further study in academic circles.

Appreciate this poem and grasp several key words: Cang Kejia; Realism; Chinese farmers

For the history of modern and contemporary literature in China, Cang Kejia is a rich existence, and his literary activities have lasted for more than 70 years. The Complete Works of Cang Kejia published at the end of 2002 has 12 volumes, with nearly 6.3 million words. Cang Kejia is an important page in the history of modern and contemporary literature in China and one of the pioneers of China's realistic new poems.

Cang Kejia is famous for his new poem, but his prose, covered by the title of this poem, has also made great achievements. It should be said that his prose and poetry are equally divided in the time and quantity of creation. Prose and memoirs, including Wild Shop, Frog, Meeting in the Cave, Sea, Fire and My Poetic Life, are a major topic for prose critics. In his later years, Cang Kejia was old and sick, unable to touch the fresh life, so he "turned his head upside down when he was old, and wrote more prose and less poetry". "I try my best to grasp prose to express the interest of my poems." [1] Cang Kejia's poems seldom tend to be dull; On the other hand, his prose pursues poeticization-it contains the soul of poetry, which establishes the flavor of Cang Kejia's prose. Some partisans even say that "writing is not as good as poetry".

From a horizontal perspective, first of all, it seems that children who know nothing about the world and have not sweated are not sad enough; The second time was the "sweaty" father, whose melancholy mood showed poetry; Finally, grandpa who died of sweating showed his sadness. The life of a peasant in the soil! From a vertical perspective, the three images of children-father-grandfather represent not only three generations, but also countless generations. This is the embodiment of the life track of farmers from generation to generation in China, and each image is highly summarized. The meticulous observation, profound thinking, ingenious writing and strong aftertaste are beyond the reach of other poets. This alone, the achievement of Cang Kejia, a "peasant poet", goes without saying.

Cang Kejia put great emphasis on writing only what he is familiar with, which is a major feature of his realism. On the relationship between "the needs of the times" and "knowing yourself", he emphasized the familiarity with the subject matter. Of course, with the changes of the times, poets should be familiar with the new and unfamiliar life in the past, which is complete realism. In his preface "A War in the Middle" for Song of the Earth 1946 edition, he said: "When can I stop worrying, grieving and angry about their tragic fate and sing such ugly songs? When, let me sing a happy and liberated song for them-China farmers, in truth, just like they sing a sad song? " He was familiar with farmers in old China, so he wrote about farmers in old China. But he also longs for new people and a new world.

Cang Kejia is always attracted by the natural scenery of the countryside. As long as the conditions are met, his inspiration will come easily, so one excellent work will come out. 1942, he finished Song of the Earth, which is Cang Kejia's most important work besides the satisfaction of the brand and the poet himself. After the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, poets and writers reflected on their own creation-empty enthusiasm disappeared, high-profile cries became hoarse, and some poets and writers returned to familiar themes, looked at old themes with new aesthetic eyes and wrote new works in the new era. So Ba Jin wrote Spring (1939) and Autumn (1940). Cao Yu writes about Beijingers (1941); Mao Dun wrote that frost leaves are as red as February flowers (1943); Cang Kejia wrote his 1 1 poetry collection Song of the Earth. Compared with those urgent chapters that sing current affairs directly, Cang Kejia said: "I am best suited to sing such songs, but maybe I can only sing such songs." [16] 1944, when he edited Selected Poems of Ten Years, few works directly representing the bonfire of the Anti-Japanese War were selected.

Cang Kejia's poem is a philosophy brewed in lyricism, and it is a philosophical poem. Wen Yiduo once had an incisive conclusion, "There is not a poem of Ke family that does not have extremely real life significance." This "extreme truth" comes from the poet's philosophical summary of his concern and grasp of the essence of life. "Three Generations", a "very true" lyric short poem, has simple, concise, cold and profound artistic characteristics.