/kloc-in the autumn of 0/847, Hong Xiuquan visited Shi Dakai from Feng Yunshan and invited him to do something important together. The history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is called "visiting the stone to see the public", also known as "visiting the thatched cottage three times".
1850 On August 20th, 2000 people marched on Jintian. In Liuhe, Peng Juan and other villages, it was stopped by the landlord group, and it was greatly broken, and it progressed to Baishawei, a military base on the north bank of Jiang Xun.
In September, he led 4000 people to Jintian, co-chaired the military affairs of the regiment with Yang and Xiao Chaogui, and was responsible for training and taking charge of finance.
185 1 year 1 month1day jintian uprising, that is, the first year of Taiping Tian Kun. Soon, the commander-in-chief of the five armies was enfeoffed, and Shi Dakai was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the left army.
In June, Shi Dakai defeated Wulantai and Zhou Tianjue, the capital of Qing Dynasty, in the "Battle of Gushan" in Xinzhai, Zhong Ping.
As a pioneer in "opening the way forward" with Xiao Chaogui, he led the troops to break through from Xinxu to the north.
Jinke Yongan. This is the ideal city, and it is trapped by the Taiping Army.
185 1 year 65438+February 17 Hong Xiuquan was appointed as Yongan King, and Shi Dakai was appointed as Winged King, with a population of 5,000 years old.
On April 5th, 1852, Shi Dakai led his troops to attack Yulong Pass in the middle of the night and annihilated the enemy on the defensive. As a result, the whole army highlighted Yongan.
Wulantai and his men of the Qing army fell into the encirclement set by Shi Dakai and Xiao Chaogui at Dadongshan Mountain in Longliaokou, and all four company commanders and 5,000 Qing troops were wiped out.
The Taiping Army was attacked by Xiang Yong in Jiang Zhongyuan in Quanzhou, and fought fiercely for two days and two nights. Feng Yunshan was seriously injured and died heroically.
Xiao Chaogui was killed when he led his troops to attack Changsha.
On June+10, 5438, most of the Taiping Army could not attack Changsha for a few days and was caught in the attack of 50,000 Qing troops. Shi Dakai led a good soldier to cross the Xiangjiang River, built a joint venture company to stop enemy reinforcements and plow grain on the spot.
Shi Dakai laid an ambush in Shuiluzhou (Orange Island), and 3,000 people in Xiang Rong's department of the Qing army were wiped out, except Xiang Rong.
The Taiping Army withdrew from the north.
65438+ February Shi Dakai led the troops to capture Yiyang, Xiayuezhou, Kehanyang and Hankou.
1June, 853, when the Taiping rebels surrounded Wuchang, Shi Dakai refused to help and confronted Xiang Rong's reinforcements, making it impossible to enter, and Wuchang fell into an isolated city. 65438+1October 65438+February 2, Taiping Army conquered Wuchang. On February 9, the governor divided the water from Wuchang to Ludong, even Huangzhou, Jiujiang, Anqing and Wuhu.
March 1853, 19 led the troops to conquer Nanjing, welcomed Hong Xiuquan into the city, and made Tianjing its capital.
From March to August, he assisted Dong Wangyang in managing government affairs.
From September to 65438+February, I left Anqing Town and passed through Anhui. In the meantime, the land policy of "losing rice per mu" was tried out, but in March, it was "the soldiers were rich and the people were safe" and "the praise was loud". History says "Anqing is easy to make".
At the beginning of 1854, the policy of "grain tax remains the same" was issued in the name of Wang, and "Anqing easy system" was fully implemented, and Taiping abandoned the "China farmland system" from then on.
In February, Feng was recalled to Beijing to take charge of Tianjin's defense construction and set up a "watchtower" system. And help the East King to assist in military affairs.
In June, he wrote back to the British envoy Maihuatuo in the name of King Dong, reiterating the position of Taiping Tian Kun on sovereignty, religion and trade. Answer 30 questions from the British and ask 50 questions.
In July, he returned to Anqing to start a factory to build ships and train the navy.
65438+ February was ordered to supervise the Western Expedition. Go to Hukou and command the defense of Jiujiang Hukou.
1855 65438+ 10, the Xiang Navy was dismembered into two places, the inland river and the outer river, which blocked the mouth of the lake and defeated Xiang Navy.
1 1 On the night of February, in Jiujiang, the Xiang Navy was once again broken and Zeng Guofan, the coach of Xiang Army, was captured. Zeng Guofan escaped by boat, drowned himself and was saved by the headquarters. From then on, Shi Dakai divided into three ways and fought back across the board.
The Taiping Army captured Wuchang for the third time, and most of the banks of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province were captured by the Taiping Army.
In June 5438+10, he led troops from Anqing to Wuchang, occupied Chongyang after fierce fighting, and wanted to attack Hunan, the hometown of Xiang army. Due to the constant frustration of the Wei army in the coordinated operation, he changed his plan and suddenly returned to Jiangxi to win Lien Chan.
1856 In March, the Xiang Army of Zhou Fengshan in Ji 'an, Jiangxi Province was defeated in Zhangshu. More than 50 counties in 8 states in Jiangxi 13 are all owned by Taiping Army. Meanwhile, Hu Linyi was forced to relax his attack on Wuchang and return to Jiangxi. Xiang generals Taqibu and Luo Zenan were all dead, and Zeng Guofan was trapped in Nanchang and became an isolated city.
1April, 856, led an army of 30,000 stars to rescue Tianjing, and entered Anhui in three ways.
In May, several towns such as Keningguo approached Moling, and the soldiers were divided into three ways to form a pincer-like offensive against the enemy.
In June, he pretended to attack Lishui, and Zhang Daying and his men helped him. Shi Dakai, together with Qin Rigang, Chen Yucheng and Li Xiucheng, attacked Jiangnan Camp.
In July and August, he returned to Hubei and fought fiercely with the Xiang army that attacked Wuchang, gradually forming an encirclement of the enemy of Hongshan.
Wei Changhui, Qin Rigang and others attacked and killed more than 20,000 people in Yang and his department for the Tianjing Incident.
Shi Dakai, pull back.
/kloc-at the beginning of 0/0, Shi Dakai returned to Tianjing without pomp and discussed a plan to stop the killing. Wei Changhui wanted to harm him, so Shi Dakai went out of the city and killed his family and all his men. After Shi Dakai arrived in Anqing, he wrote to Tianwang, asking him to punish Wei Changhui, but he was rejected. The heavenly king issued another imperial edict offering a reward for the capture of Shi Dakai. Shi Dakai called on people from all walks of life to mobilize troops. At that time, I learned that Chen Yucheng Ningguo was defeated, and southern Anhui was in a hurry, so I suspended my return to Beijing and led the troops to help Ningguo.
165438+ 10, Wei Changhui was punished, Shi Dakai returned to Beijing, and was honored as the "righteous king" by the military and civilians, and the heavenly king named him "commander of the holy army". Shi Dakai refused to accept the title of "King of Righteousness" and took "King of Wings, Commander of the Armed Forces of the Holy Spirit" as the prime minister of military and political affairs.
At the beginning of 1857, Shi Dakai took charge, defended Jiangxi militarily and counterattacked Anhui, and the situation gradually improved. However, this is taboo for Hong Xiuquan. First, the two kings of Anfu were named, and later, the princes of Hong were named 16, which even meant harm.
1857 At the end of May, Shi Dakai led thousands of people and left Beijing for Anqing.
Posting a "five-character notice" in Wuwei, Anhui Province will force you to leave Beijing to summon the whole country, and encourage the military and civilians to "keep their posts and make meritorious deeds as usual" or "follow the example of leaders and commemorate the founding fathers." .
In September, the situation in Tianjing deteriorated. Hong Xiuquan stopped the two kings of Anfu and ordered Shi Dakai to return to Beijing with the gold medal of Yi Wang, which was rejected by Shi Dakai. In the same month, Shi Dakai wrote to Tianwang, proposing to go to Jiangxi to consolidate the upper reaches, and then to Zhejiang. At the same time, let Li Xiucheng contact Nianjun Zhang Lexing to distract the downstream, and Chen Yucheng Wei Jun and others returned to Tianjing to cooperate with each other to solve the siege of Tianjing, with the permission of Tianwang.
1857 10 Shi Dakai marched into Jiangxi, and it took ten thousand years. In the same month, Hong Xiuquan gave Shi Dakai the title of "Electrician" (formerly "Shengli").
In February, 65438, Shi Dakai led the troops to aid Ji 'an, but the forced crossing of the Ganjiang River was frustrated and he returned to Fuzhou. In the same month, Hong Xiuquan canceled the title of "Wang Yi" and changed back to "Wang Yi".
From Fuzhou, Jinxian and Dongxiang to Guangxin in February, 1858, ready to enter Zhejiang.
From April to May, he led the army into Zhejiang and conquered Jiangshan. His subordinate Ministry of Stone occupied the county, defeated Zhou Tianshou, the general company commander of the Qing army, and captured Wuyi, Yunhe and Ming Antai.
In July, he abandoned the attack on Zhejiang and divided his troops into Fujian.
In August, Hong Xiuquan enfeoffed the commander of the Fifth Army, effectively canceling Shi Dakai's position as "commander". Yang Fuqing, who was sealed by the stone department, led his troops out of Fujian.
165438+ 10 Shi Dakai returned to Jiangxi in October.
In February, 65438 occupied Ruijin and Nan 'an Prefecture.
On February 1859, Nan 'an held a meeting to determine the plan to enter Sichuan. In the same month, the two roads merged and invaded southern Hunan.
1From May to August, 859, he fought fiercely with the Qing army in Baoqing and was forced to retreat to Guangxi. This was the first major military defeat after Shi Dakai's expedition.
June+10, 65438, Qingyuan government was conquered, and the garrison and even the soldiers were held.
1860 In May, 67 generals including Peng Dashun and Zhu Yidian left with an army of 200,000. East to Tianjing.
In June, he left Qingyuan and occupied Pennsylvania, Shanglin and Wuyuan.
In autumn, Hong Xiuquan officially cancelled the title of "General" and added the titles of "Loyal to the King" and "Zuo Jun in Yunnan". At the same time, the title of "electrician" was cancelled and awarded to Xiao Chaogui (becoming "the rain power of the Holy Spirit"). At the same time, the title of Wei Changhui was cancelled and awarded to Yang (becoming the "Holy Spirit of Wind and Thunder").
186 1 At the beginning of the year, the title of "Zuo Jun in Yunnan" was cancelled by Hong Xiuquan.
In July, due to the rebellion of the generals of the Heaven and Earth Society, they abandoned Shanglin and other places and retreated to your county.
In September, I left Guixian, Hengzhou in the west, and went north. I rushed out of Guangxi through Rongxian and Huaiyuan, entered the border of Hunan and Hubei, and reached Sichuan.
1862 65438+1October 30, Laifeng, Hubei, Zeng Guangyi joined forces with his troops in Guizhou, Sichuan, and the whole army grew to 65.438+million again.
In February, Ke Xianfeng and Lichuan 17 entered Sichuan. Take three roads to Fuzhou to meet each other.
In April, I crossed the Wujiang River and arrived in Fuzhou. Shi Dakai issued the famous "Shi Dakai, Wing King, Sue Fuzhou Four People", which was praised by later historians as "the whole revolutionary justice and the spirit of loving the people are fully displayed, and the religious propaganda language is not made. It is really a benevolent word and can be passed down. " (Jian Youwen "The Whole History of Taiping Tian Kun")
Because the enemy was well prepared and it was difficult to cross the river, he immediately gave up the siege and went west to Ba County.
In May, in order to attack Chongqing, then cross the river and attack Qijiang. Because of internal exposure, the enemy came prepared. After being frustrated, he stopped attacking the city, crossed the Chishui River and entered southern Sichuan.
In August, he returned to East Sichuan, crossed Chishui again, marched into Xianshi Town, Hejiang County, crossed Chishui in the local area, and defeated Liu Yuezhao's Xiang army on the west bank of Chishui River. Because the Qing army was heavily deployed along the river and had no chance to cross the river, they crossed Chishui in Hejiang and marched eastward. Later, a military meeting was held in Dongxi Town, Qijiang County, and a strategic decision was made. The soldiers were divided into three roads, bypassing Guizhou and Yunnan, and looking for opportunities to cross the river in Jinsha River, a tributary of the Yangtze River. Historically, it was called "East-West Decision-making".
10 Enter Guizhou and drive straight in. Merge in two ways (later become three ways) to confuse the enemy.
165438+ 10, the headquarters of Shi Dakai entered Sichuan from Zhenxiong, Yunnan, and Hengjiang.
1863 65438+ 10, in October, the Qing army mobilized several Sichuan-Yunnan-Hunan armies to capture the Hengjiang River and prevent the Taiping Army from crossing the river. In June of 5438+05, the two sides fought fiercely in Hengjiang, and the Taiping Army held on for 22 days. Later, because of the traitor's rebellion, he was forced to withdraw his troops and retreat to Yunnan.
In April, Li, a branch of Shi Dakai, entered Guizhou with great fanfare. The Qing army of all walks of life mistakenly thought it was their main force and pursued it in succession. In addition, many departments of the Qing army in Sichuan mistakenly thought it was Lai Yuxin's main force in northern Sichuan. On June 5438+05, Shi Dakai led 30,000 to 40,000 people to easily cross the Jinsha River from Miliangba, without resistance or bloodshed.
In May, the Taiping Army marched into Ningyuan, and Sichuan Governor Luo Zuoning reported. He didn't know this, Shi Dakai's main force has been crossing the river for many days, and he urgently ordered all the troops to come back. However, except for the short distance between Tang and Geng, it is far from him. Taiping Army passed Mianning Road and arrived at Zidadi at the intersection of the south bank of Dadu River and Songlin River on 14. At this time, there was no Qing army on the North Shore. The Taiping Army is preparing to cross the Dadu River and go straight to Chengdu.
Lead the remaining 6,000 people to leave Zita and break through eastward.
Being blocked by the whirling water of the old crow, Shi Dakai went to Xima Valley to negotiate the camp.
After the negotiations, 4,000 people were demobilized, and the remaining 2,000 people were not disarmed and moved to Dashubao. On that day, Shi Dakai followed Yang Yinggang with his youngest son and several ministries. In the later Tang Dynasty, You Geng forcibly captured prisoners, and Shi Dakai and others lost 2,000 people, most of whom were killed.
Shi Dakai passed away generously in Chengdu on June 27th, 863.
1902, Liang Qichao published five so-called "Shi Dakai's poems" in Xinmin Cong Bao, which were later included in Dining Room Collection, but they were basically identified as forgeries.
1906, Gao, a poet of Nanshe, forged 25 poems left by Shi Dakai and published them in Shanghai, in order to advocate people's feelings and call for revolution.
1939, Liu Yazi published two articles in gale magazine, which showed that Shi Dakai's poems were forged.