When choosing cattle, we should choose cattle with high production performance. In practice, we should choose according to the market situation. For example, choose beef cattle breeds, and try to choose purebred beef cattle breeds, such as Charolais, Lanbaihua, Simmental, Piedmont, Hereford, Angus, South Devon and their hybrid offspring. In short, when selecting breeds, we should make appropriate and reasonable choices according to the scale of cattle raising and local breeds.

Step 2 determine the scale

The scale of raising cattle should not be too large or too small, and it should be determined according to the comprehensive conditions of rural families, including existing cultivated land, grassland forage, existing family labor force and family economic situation. Generally, it is best to raise 10~30 cows for each labor force, but with the improvement of family comprehensive conditions, as many cows as possible can get better economic benefits.

3. The cattle structure is reasonable.

Reasonable cattle structure is the guarantee to obtain the maximum economic benefit in cattle production, which is extremely important for farmers engaged in cattle production.

First of all, we should determine the number of cattle (herd size) in that year, so that the annual slaughter number is equal to or less than about 50% of adult cattle. Then, according to the annual elimination rate of adult cattle of 15%, there should be corresponding reserve cattle, so reserve cattle should be used to supplement the eliminated cattle. Not all cattle can become reserve cattle, so reserve cattle should account for about 20%.

4. Strengthen breeding and hybridization.

In the improvement efforts of many cattle farmers, due to the neglect of introducing foreign blood and non-selective reproduction, the quality of cattle offspring has declined year by year. The following measures should be taken. By introducing the same kind of excellent bulls into the herd, the quality of the herd can be improved Selecting excellent bulls and cows that are not directly related to each other to breed in this group can also maintain the quality of the herd.

Introduce excellent bulls with different qualities into the herd, and improve the quality of the herd through hybridization. Conditional cattle farmers should establish cattle pedigree files to prevent inbreeding, which is conducive to the improvement of cattle excellent character genes, continuously improve production performance and increase economic benefits.

5. Reasonably reduce the feed cost.

Self-prepared feed: The method of self-prepared feed includes scientifically prepared diet. According to the nutritional requirements of different physiological stages, the concentrated feed is calculated, so that the nutritional value of the feed is consistent with the nutritional requirements of cattle at different stages. This method is generally difficult for cattle farmers to master; The other is "indigenous method", that is, compound feed, that is, a variety of feeds are mixed evenly in the same proportion.

Rational use of roughage: Because cattle are ruminants, it is essential to feed roughage. Feeding cattle with crop stalks treated by physical, chemical and biological methods can improve their nutritional value and reduce feeding costs.

Ratio of concentrated feed to roughage: Commercial cattle, which are generally not used for seed and reproduction, are fattened manually to grow into adult cattle in a short time, and then slaughtered. To raise cattle well, we should pay more attention to the rationality of nutritional value, which requires a certain proportion of concentrated feed and roughage in daily feed.

Zhuang Le Kang has a good fattening effect. If the proportion of concentrate is too high and there is too much nutrition, it will undoubtedly be a waste, which will lead to the slow growth of cattle and reduce production performance. The ratio of concentrated feed to roughage in general diet is 1: 1.3.

6, the implementation of greenhouse cattle.

In rural areas, whether beef cattle, fattening cattle or dairy cows are cultured in greenhouse in winter, it can artificially create a suitable environment conducive to the growth of cattle, reduce the calorie consumption of cattle, and use this energy to improve the economic benefits of raising cattle.

7, pay attention to insect repellent

Cattle are easy to be infected with internal and external parasites during feeding. Cattle infected with internal and external parasites grow slowly, produce less milk and meat, and even die in severe cases. Therefore, it is an important link that can not be ignored to do a good job of deworming cattle.

Deworming time: farmers should deworm cattle twice a year, respectively in spring and autumn 1 time. Spring is February-April, and autumn is 9- 165438+ 10, so short-term fattening cattle should be deworming at the initial stage of fattening.

8. Disease prevention

In order to prevent the spread of diseases, certain areas and shared facilities and utensils inside and outside the cowshed should be disinfected and sterilized. It can be used for disinfection and sterilization of sulfur, quicklime, potassium permanganate and flame. However, it should be noted that it is forbidden to use disinfectant with peculiar smell such as Lysol in the milk shed, so as not to affect the quality of milk. At the same time, cattle should be injected with vaccines to prevent diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease vaccine.

In raising cattle, it is necessary to choose excellent varieties, carry out careful feeding management and comprehensive disease prevention, so that cattle can grow, fatten and reproduce healthily in a good environment and bring good benefits.