Tongguan is a place name.
There are 999 bends in the Yellow River in the world. On the map of China, you can see at a glance that the only bend on the Yellow River is less than 90 degrees, and that is the historic Tongguan.
Tongguan is the third largest county in China, located at the eastern end of Guanzhong Plain, in the golden triangle of Qin, Jin and Yu provinces. It is the bridgehead in the northwest and the east gate of Shaanxi, and it is said that "the cock crow listens to the three provinces". Tongguan is adjacent to lingbao city in the east, huayin city in the west, Qinling in the south and Dali and Ruicheng counties in the north. Tongguan was named "Chongguan" because the Yellow River hit Guanshan directly from north to south, but it was renamed Tongguan because there was water in Kansai 1 Huali. The county has jurisdiction over 4 townships, 4 towns, 84 administrative villages, 7 communities and 509 villagers' groups, with a population of 150730.
Tongguan is located at the intersection of the Yellow River, Weihe River and Luohe River, covering an area of 526 square kilometers. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north, showing three landforms in turn. The Xiaoqinling Mountain area in the south, the tableland area in the middle and the Yellow River channel in the north have the only inland river island-Jixin Island, which is formed by sediment accumulation. Tongyu Badaonao is the highest peak, with an altitude of 2 132. 10 m, and the outlet of the Yellow River is 325.70 m above sea level, which is the lowest point in the county.
Tongguan has a temperate continental monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 65438 02.8℃, a suitable climate and four distinct seasons.
Tongguan is located at the eastern end of Shaanxi, with Qinling Mountains in the south, Hanguguan in the north and Huashan in the west. This military fortress, which is surrounded by mountains and waters, has always been known as the natural barrier of "Three Qin Locks the Yin". We can attack the west according to the east, sweep the east according to the west, defend the north according to the south, fight the north from the south, and defend in all directions. In ancient times, you once lamented: "The road on earth ends in Tongguan!" "The Story of Shanhaiguan" has "risks within the capital, only Tongguan Mountain and Sea come first." Compare Tongguan with Shanhaiguan, the first pass in the world.
Tongguan is not only in a dangerous natural situation, but also in a unique geographical position, because it is connected with the three provinces of Qin, Jin and Henan. Tongguan has been a battleground for military strategists since the Middle Ages. According to historical records, there have been more than 30 military incidents. For example, the battle between Cao Cao and Ma Chao in the late Eastern Han Dynasty; The Battle between An Lushan and Geshuhan in the Middle Tang Dynasty: At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the peasant uprising army in Huang Chao and the peasant uprising army in Li Zicheng at the end of the Ming Dynasty fought a decisive battle with the Jin Dynasty in Tongguan.
The natural scenery in Tongguan area is very beautiful and moving. There are picturesque mountains and rivers in the territory, and there are visions at four o'clock. "The three peaks of Hua Yue stand at the threshold, and the Yellow River bends around nine times." In the ancient city, Xiangshan Mountain (commonly known as Scorpion Mountain), Phoenix, Kirin, Yintai and Pencil Container are among the five mountains, built on the mountain, with pavilions and pavilions. The three cities of East, West and North are towering; The south and north Shuiguan buildings are far apart; Water flows through the city into the Yellow River; The huge waves of the Yellow River north of the city. The whole thing is: the mountain starts from the point, and people are painting! Poets and poets on Chang 'an Road are sighing and chanting when they pass through Tongguan.