A line of cold geese is long and sad. There is nothing to see in the film, staring at the moonlight and autumn every day.
Tail corner scarf should be wider-eyed, more fragrant, and separated from Qin Lou. Wenguo Tongguan
Li Bai and Qin Wang swept Liuhe, eyeing He Xiongzai! Sword and cloud, governors come to the west. Tell the truth from the apocalypse, and generally stimulate that group of talents. Withdraw troops and cast gold people, and the valley of letters opens eastward. I will learn from the mountains and hope to see Langya Taiwan. 700,000 torturers rose from the mountains. They are still taking the elixir of life, which makes them feel very sad. Even the crossbow shoots sea fish, and the long whale is the king of Cui Wei sweeping Liuhe.
I hope to disappear in the wilderness, and the river lingers in distant villages. Cattle and horses release more spring grass,
Harada labored through the ancient ruins. It's late in the snowy mountains, smoke from cooking stoves is accompanied by sunset, and the shadows of trees are faint.
Wan Li Huangsha, it's hard to look back at Qinyuan. Zhou Pu's Chunqin Complex
Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners. At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness. The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces. The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles. Li Bai bid farewell to his friends at Jingmen Ferry.
2. The classical Chinese before Qin unified the six countries was the common language of the six countries (Qi, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei and Chu) during the Warring States period. ), that is, the ancient prose of the Warring States period.
It was formed under the condition of warlord's separatist regime, and it is a regional writing style inherited from Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The shapes are not uniform, the strokes are scrawled, and simplified and vulgar styles emerge in large numbers. After Qin unified the six countries, it abolished the ancient prose of the six countries that was incompatible with the language of Qin. The ancient prose of the Six Kingdoms, also known as the Six Kingdoms in the East, is a general term for the languages of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei in the East during the Warring States Period. During the Warring States Period, after hundreds of years of separation and integration in the Spring and Autumn Period, the vassal states formed seven great powers, namely, Qin, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and several small countries, such as Song, Wei and Zhongshan. The drastic changes in politics, economy and culture have had a far-reaching impact on the development of Chinese characters. The development of growth force makes the use of characters more and more extensive, which requires the simplification of characters; With the change of writing tools and materials, writing on bamboo and silk with a brush is much simpler than that of Zhu Fan, and the users of characters have expanded to civilians, but their understanding of the relationship between form and meaning of characters is poor. The separation of vassals and political disunity made the cultures of all countries develop freely, with a strong local color. If you don't understand the relationship between form and meaning of Chinese characters well, you will inevitably write the wrong font, and if you pass it wrong, you will form crooked characters; The simplicity and wide application of characters lead to the simplification and carelessness of font writing, thus forming the province-changing characters; Characters have a strong local color, which will inevitably highlight the phenomenon of variant characters between regions, thus forming variant characters; Except that the characters of Qin state stick to the fonts of orthodox characters before the Spring and Autumn Period, but gradually become regular and symmetrical in writing style, and transition to Xiao Zhuan, the fonts of the other six countries are quite different from those before the Spring and Autumn Period, almost beyond recognition. The ancient books of the Six Kingdoms can be found not only on bamboo slips, silk books, pottery and seals, but also on some royal vessels.
3. If you want to learn the characters of Qin State and Chu State during the Warring States Period, where to learn the characters of Qin State is the so-called characters of Qin Dynasty. The characters of the six countries are divided into three categories: Sanjin and Qi.
Qin is mostly a small seal script. You can imitate Qin bamboo slips with original materials, but it is more direct to read prose. In other words, Chu characters can copy the bamboo slips of Guodian Chu Tomb published by Cultural Relics Publishing House. It's 15 volume, which is very good material. If you want to study in depth, you can look at the bamboo slips of the Warring States collected by the Shanghai Museum, which are more expensive, about 3,600 online.
Others can look at Mr. Tang's Warring States word compilation, Sun Gang's brother's Qi word compilation, Mr. Shi's Wu Yue word compilation and Mr. Feng's Sanjin word compilation.
These seem a lot.
If you want to attend classes, you can go to Peking University, Jida University and Fudan University to attend the undergraduate course of ancient Chinese characters.
I hope I can help you.
4. What idioms and allusions exist between Chu and Qin?
Dynasty is an idiom in China, and the pinyin is zhāo qín mù chǔ, which means that during the Warring States period, two vassal states in Qin Chu were opposed and often fought wars. In order to ensure their own interests and security, some vassal States sometimes tended to Qin and sometimes to Chu.
The story of "morning and evening" recorded in the history books is at the Zijingguan at the junction of Henan and Shaanxi-"About 5 kilometers up the Danjiang River, you arrive at a place called Moon Bay. At the junction of Henan and Shaanxi, there is a gap between the two mountains. Outside the customs, it is eight hundred miles of Qinchuan; Inside Shanhaiguan Pass, it is the open Central Plains. The roaring Danjiang River and the narrow ancient road have jointly built a pass of "one person guarding, ten thousand people are not allowed". This pass is the "pass" of Jingziguan. Jingziguan got its name from this. This pass is the second legend of Jingziguan. There is a dangerous pass here. Only green mountains and green waters can tell clearly how many wars have taken place since ancient times. According to historical records, the influential war in the early period of Jingziguan should be the "Danyang War" between Qin Chu. During the Warring States Period, Qin and Chu fought frequently. At that time, Jingziguan was the boundary between Qin State and Chu State, part of which belonged to Qin State and part to Danyang County of Chu State. In 3 12 BC, the "Danyang War" broke out between Qin and Chu, and Qin took advantage of the dangerous terrain of Jingziguan to defeat Chu in one fell swoop. After the victory of Qin, Jing Ziguan was all incorporated into the territory of Qin. After that, Qin Chu and China were repaired, and the State of Qin gave this place to the State of Chu. There is an idiom called "Sooner or later", which is interpreted in modern Chinese dictionaries as: one tends to Qin and the other relies on Chu, meaning that people are capricious. Few people know that the origin of this allusion is in Jingziguan.
5. What are the idioms and allusions between Qin Chu?
Although there are three clans in Chu, the death of Qin will lead to Chu.
During the Warring States Period, the two major vassal states of Qin Chu were opposed to each other and often fought wars. Some vassal States sometimes favored Qin and sometimes Chu for their own interests and security. Metaphor is capricious.
Although there are three Chu families, Qin will die: according to Xiang Yu, a historian, as early as the death of Qin, Chu Nangong said, "Although there are three Chu families, Qin will die." The true meaning of Qin's death was predicted a priori and incomparably correctly: that is, the death of Qin began in Chu and ended in Chu. However, this famous saying was doubly fulfilled because of Qin's death. First of all, later history also confirmed Nan Gong's theory. In osawa Township, the corresponding Chen Sheng was Chu, and the regime he established was called "Zhang Chu", which led the children of Jiangdong to cross the river. Xiang Yu, who became the main anti-Qin force, was also a native of Chu, and the regime he established was called "Western Chu". Liu Bang, who has been leading the pack, tidied up the rivers and mountains and established an unprecedented unified Han Dynasty, is also a native of Chu. Liu Bang's adviser and military commander, except Sean and a few others, are also heroes of Chu.
6. Among the great families, Chu and Qin hate Chu. Although there are three families, Qin will die: "Although Chu has three families, Qin will die." This famous saying comes from Sima Qian's Historical Records of Xiang Yu in the Western Han Dynasty.
It means that even if there are only a few families left in Chu, Qin can be destroyed. Although the metaphor is small, you can succeed with great determination.
It represents an emotional conviction. Historical allusion: At the end of Qin Dynasty, Chen Guang uprising, with the cooperation of various rebel armies, Xiang Liang led the army to attack Qin.
Fan Zeng went to see Xiang Liang and said, "Chu was the most wronged when Qin destroyed six countries. Chu Nangong said that even if there are only three families left in Chu, they will take revenge and destroy Qin. " So, Xiang Liang let Chu Huaiwang's grandson do it, got the support of the Chu people, and quickly expanded his own strength.
This famous saying, which originated from resisting the rule of the Qin Dynasty, not only represents an emotional firm belief, but also mysteriously coincides with the process of historical evolution. According to Records of Historical Records and Biography of Xiang Yu, as early as when Chu Huaiwang died in the State of Qin, Chu Nangong said that "although there are three Chu clans, Qin will be destroyed." .
It predicted the true meaning of Qin's death a priori and incomparably correctly: that is, Qin's death began in Chu and ended in Chu. However, this famous saying was doubly fulfilled because of Qin's death.
First of all, although the great cause of Qin Wu became Shu Ren in the world, Chen Sheng, who responded to the world, was a Chu. The regime he established was called "Zhang Chu", which led the children of Jiangdong to cross the river, and Xiang Yu, who became the main force against Qin, was also Chu. The regime he established was called "Xi Chu". Liu Bang, who has been leading the pack, tidied up the rivers and mountains and established an unprecedented unified Han Dynasty, is also a native of Chu.
There are also many Chu people among Liu Bang's ministers. Secondly, the decisive battle of Qin's death began in Sanhushui (now Linzhang West, Hebei Province). Chu led Xiang Yu to defeat Qin Jun's main force and accepted his surrender.
Since then, Wu Qin has become an irreversible trend. The following is to examine the fulfillment of this famous saying according to historical records.
Chu has a vast territory and abundant resources, and its folk customs are tough. In addition, he entered the state of Qin, so he couldn't go home when he died. Chu people hate Qin, so there is a saying that although there are three families in Chu, Qin will die.
7. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: 2 1. A handful of 22. C 23。 D 24。 B test analysis: 2 1. These questions mainly examine the significance of common notional words in classical Chinese in a specific context.
The review strategy is to focus on accumulation, and the accumulation of content words in classical Chinese is the key to improve the correct rate of solving problems. One is to remember typical cases, and the other is to do a good job of sorting them out.
It is necessary to return to textbooks, that is, to use the knowledge of classical Chinese vocabulary learned in class to solve extracurricular problems. Item a, the verb "you" in "please go to your place", to.
Know the meaning and usage of common notional words in classical Chinese. The ability level is understanding B.
The skills of moving notional words in classical Chinese, like modern Chinese, have real meaning and can be used as sentence components alone. Content words include nouns, verbs, adjectives, numerals, quantifiers and pronouns. There are a large number of notional words in classical Chinese, and mastering more notional words in classical Chinese is the key to improve the reading ability of classical Chinese.
When learning the notional words in classical Chinese, we should pay special attention to its three main features in grammar: one is polysemy, the other is the ancient and modern changes in the meaning of words, and the third is the flexible use of parts of speech. 22. The usage of function words is often related to the following aspects: First, different positions in sentences often lead to different usages; Second, it is related to the part of speech of the words before and after.
Item C "Yan" is a modal particle and has no practical significance. Item A is "because"/"ba" respectively.
Item b "Yu" is "Dao"/"Bi" respectively. Item d "er" is "indicating succession"/"indicating cause and effect" respectively.
Know the meaning and usage of function words commonly used in classical Chinese. The ability level is understanding B.
Error-prone warning focuses on the meaning and usage of function words in classical Chinese, 18 commonly used function words; In the context, combine the analysis of grammar and logic to dredge the meaning of the text; The difficulty lies in understanding the usage of words (that is, part of speech). Methods In application, we should first distinguish between reality and emptiness.
For example, "why, why, if and why" can be both content words and function words. Secondly, identify the part of speech.
A function word has many uses, for example, "Yan" can be used as pronoun, adverb and auxiliary word. Again, compare ancient and modern.
Some survived, some changed their usage, and some disappeared completely. Finally, pay attention to special function words.
Part-time words are used with function words, such as "why" and "which and which". 23. This kind of topic first looks at whether there is a word "direct expression" in the stem, then analyzes whether the given paragraph is the behavior of the person required in the stem, and then analyzes whether it is the person required in the stem. Using exclusion method is accurate and time-saving. The object of this question is "Qu Yuan", whose personality characteristics are "loyalty to the monarch and patriotism". (3) shows that he has a plan, (5) is a side foil.
The information in the text is filtered according to the location of the test center. The ability level is C.
When reading historical biographies, you should be clear about the following four points when filtering information: 1. People. It is necessary to know who he remembers, which dynasty and how many people are involved.
2. Official. Most of the characters in history books are officials, so it is necessary to understand that they have been promoted several times, whether they are North Korean officials or local officials.
3. events. Biographical articles must record some deeds of the people, either filial piety, diligence, incorruptibility, love for the people, or resistance to virtue. When reading them, you should find out what is written in the article and how much.
4. Personality. Biographies selected in the college entrance examination are decent people, and the information that needs to be "screened" and "extracted" is often their good character.
So pay special attention to these aspects when reading. The answer to this question requires that on the basis of reading the original text, we can analyze and summarize the content of the article and accurately grasp the main information in the article, so as to filter out the information that meets the instructions according to the instructions of the topic.
You can select specific materials according to the options. You can also choose multiple choices according to the point of view in the options.
Item b misinterprets the meaning of the text, and "when the war is unfavorable" does not conform to the meaning of the text. The location of the test center summarizes the main points of the content and the central meaning.
The ability level is analysis and synthesis. C. The title of the famous teacher's finishing touch is to summarize the content of the article.
The methods to solve this kind of problem are as follows: ① Grasp the stem of the problem and read correctly. When reading the topic, you must read it completely and accurately, and don't skim it.
The so-called complete reading refers to the analysis of all the requirements in the stem of the question without omission and truthfully; The so-called accurate reading is to accurately grasp the requirements put forward by the stem and see whether it is right or wrong, whether it is to summarize the content or analyze the point of view. Only by comprehensive and accurate analysis and understanding of the question can we answer the question accurately.
(2) put back the original and check whether it is right or wrong. Especially in the aspects of time, place, official position, characters' behavior, actual effect, etc., we should carefully check the words and phrases of the original text, fully understand and analyze them comprehensively. The difference between them is the key to grasp the full text.
For specious, we should have the consciousness of explaining the text by using the topic. In the second year, Qin returned to Hanzhong to make peace with Chu.
The king of Chu said, "I don't want land, but I want Zhang Yi." Hearing this, Zhang Yi said, "A Zhang Yi can be used as a place in Hanzhong, and I request to go to Chu."
After arriving in Chu State, Zhang Yi bribed Jin Shang, the powerful minister of Chu State, with a lot of gifts, and made him fabricate a set of lies about his favorite concubine. Chu Huaiwang finally listened to Zheng Xiu and let Yi Cheung go.
By this time, Qu Yuan had been alienated. Instead of being an official in the imperial court, he sent an envoy to Qi. When he came back, he advised Huai, "Why not kill Zhang Yi?" Chu Huaiwang regretted it, and sent someone to chase Yi Cheung, but he didn't catch up. After that, the governors jointly attacked Chu, defeated Chu and killed Tang Qian, the general of Chu.
At this time, Zhao Haoqi, the king of Qin, married to Chu and wanted to visit Chu Huaiwang. When Chu Huaiwang planned to go, Qu Yuan said, "Qin is a country of tigers and wolves, so you can't trust it.
Might as well not go. Zi Lan, the youngest son of King Huai, advised the King of Chu to go: "Why should we break off friendly relations with Qin?" Chu Huaiwang finally went.
After entering Wuguan, the ambush of Qin cut off the back road to Chu. He detained Wang Huai to get the ceded land.
Chu Huaiwang was very angry and refused. Escape to Zhao, Zhao dare not accept it.
He returned to the state of Qin and finally died in the state of Qin. His body was transported back to Chu for burial. Qing Xiang, the eldest son of King Huai, succeeded to the throne and took his younger brother Zilan as your wife.
Chu people complained about Zilan because he advised Wang Huai to go to the State of Qin, but he didn't come back. Qu Yuan hates him, too. Although exiled, he still attached himself to Chu and cared about the king of Chu. He did not forget his motherland and wanted to go back to Korea. He hoped that the king would realize the bad customs of Chu.