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Brief introduction of Zhou Po, a famous painter in Tang Dynasty. What's the difference between Zhou P's and Zhang Xuan's paintings of ladies?
Characters experience Zhou P was a painter in the Tang Dynasty in China, whose character was Zhong Lang and Zi. He was born in Jing Zhao (now Xi, Shaanxi Province), and his date of birth and death is unknown. Eldest brother Zhou Hao was influenced by the family martial arts. He is good at horseback riding and archery. Ge, his entourage, went to the Western Regions. In the battle to capture Shibao City, he performed heroically and made great achievements, and was appointed as Jin Wu. Geshuhan conquered Shibaocheng in June, the eighth year of Tianbao (749), when Zhou Hao was in his twenties.

It's Zhou Jing's eldest brother If inferred from this, Zhou P was born at the end of Kaiyuan (7 13-74 1). ), born in an official's family, wandered in the Qing Dynasty. He used to be the governor of Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and Xuanzhou (now Xuancheng, Anhui), ranking second only to a prefecture magistrate. Zhou P's position is related to that of his younger brother, who made great achievements with the expedition to the Tubo city of Keshburg. He studied under Zhang Xuan in his early years, because he was also good at writing landscapes and painting portraits and Buddha statues. His painting style is "simple clothes, soft colors and richness."

He has lived in Yuezhou and Xuanzhou for a long time. As a beginner of Zhang Xuan, the female worker changed her sketch and wrote more aristocratic women. Their works were laid back, plump in appearance, gorgeous in clothes, simple in brushwork and soft in color, which were highly valued by the court and literati at that time. Draw a Buddha statue with a rigorous expression and call it a miracle.

When Dezong heard his name, he painted Zhang Ming Temple, which was decided after more than a month and was first promoted. When the murals of Zhang Ming Temple were put into ink, everyone was competing for beauty. The gate of O Temple was full of wisdom and stupidity, with quips or flaws, but they all lamented the exquisiteness of its revision. Sculptors imitate it and call it "Zhou family style" Part-time portrait, like Han Gan, is a portrait of son-in-law Zhao (679-78 1), but it can't be judged whether it is good or bad. Mrs. Zhao said, "The two are similar, but the dry painting is similar, and the P painting can have both qi and emotion." He painted butterflies all over the world. He also painted pommel horses, animals and plants. At that time, many people learned it. Cheng Yi, Gao Yun and Wei Xian were all his disciples. Good writing style, able to write.

Historical records record "Taiping Guangji, Volume 213, Painting 4, Biography of Zhou Jing"

Tang and Zhou police word Xuan Jing, Zhao Jing people also. After quitting, I learned well and drew poorly. Youqing alternates with you, and so does your son. Eldest brother is good at riding and shooting, and went to Tibet with Shu Ge. Collect the Stone Treasure City and award Jin Wu with meritorious service. When Dezong repaired Zhang Jing Temple, he called and said, "Your brother P is good at drawing. I want you to draw the god of Zhang Jing Temple. Your special statement. " A few days later, the emperor invited him again, and he did it. At first, as a barrier, everyone watched. When the temple goes to the countryside, the smart and the stupid will come. Or there are wonderful places, indicating that there are flaws and will be corrected with each passing day. After more than a month, I was absolutely speechless, and everyone sighed wonderfully. So I wrote it. For the contemporary first. Guo's son-in-law Zhao Zongshi tasted Han Gan and everyone praised him. Then please P ***, both of them have names. Your husband tried to draw two pictures on the seat, but failed to decide their advantages and disadvantages. When Mrs. Zhao returned to the province, your father asked Yun, "Who is this man?" There is: "Zhao Lang." "What is the most similar?" As the saying goes, "two paintings are almost the same, the latter one is better." Ask again: "Why do you say that?" The front painting is empty and looks like Zhao Lang, and the back painting also moves thoughtfully and smiles emotionally. "Your father asked," Who is the painter? " Nai Yun said, "Zhou. "It's a matter of whether the two paintings are good or bad, so that all kinds of colors are sent. There is a bodhisattva in this world, when people are full of clouds and moons, there is a big cloud monk in front of the Buddhist hall of Guangfu Temple, and there is Er Shen in front of the Buddhist hall, which is wonderful. Later, he served as a driver in Xuanzhou and painted the North King in the Zen Temple.

I often see its image in my dreams. Painting is the crown of all times. There are "Soul Master's Bell Banquet", "Liu Xuanwu Dance" and "Du Gufei Pink Book". He also wrote Zhong Ni's ritual diagram, reduced true diagram, five-star diagram and butterfly catching diagram, and also wrote Ten Disciples of Wang Wenxuan, with at most scrolls. At the end of Zhenyuan, Silla state owned people in Jianghuai and collected dozens of volumes at good prices. Yes, the Buddha statues he painted are all children of real immortal figures, all of whom are gods. Only pommel horses, birds and animals, bamboo, stones and vegetation are inexhaustible. (From Broken Drawings)

Zhou P, a native of Tang Dynasty and Kyoto. After being our official, he continued to write well. He learned all the skills in painting. He associates with dignitaries and is a noble constantly chauffeured. Zhou's brother Zhou is good at riding and archery. He once went on an expedition to Tibet with general Ge Hanshu. ) recaptured Shibao City, and after returning due to the meritorious military service, Jin Wu was officially granted the right to take charge of public security in Kyoto. At that time, he was repairing the temple and summoned Zhou to say, "Ai Qing, your brother Zhou Ping is good at drawing. I want to ask him to draw a statue of Jing Temple. Please tell him. " A few days later, Zhou and Zhou were invited to start painting. At first, Zhou P put the idol in the temple like a screen, and all the people in Kyoto could see it. Zhang Jing Temple is in front of the palace, and people, whether kind or stupid, go to see portraits. Some people say this picture is good, others say it is not good. If someone finds fault, Zhou P will correct me at any time.

More than a month has passed, without any critics, people all admire the wonderful painting of this statue! Finally, the draft was over, and it was the first in the world at that time. Guo Ziyi's son-in-law and assistant minister Zhao Zong once asked Han Gan to paint a portrait, and everyone praised him for his good painting. Later, he asked Zhou P to draw a portrait. Han Hezhou was the most famous painter at that time. On one occasion, Guo put these two portraits side by side, so that people can judge whether they are good or bad, and no one can judge them.

It happened that his daughter, Mrs. Zhao, came back to visit relatives. Your father asked, "Who are these two portraits?" A: "It's my gentleman Zhao Lang." Q: "Which portrait is the most alike?" A: "Both portraits are very similar. However, the latter is the best. Q: "Why do you say that? "Answer:" The former portrait only shows Zhao Lang's appearance, while the latter one shows his manner, expression and joking posture. Your father asked, "Who painted the last one?" Someone replied, "This was painted by Zhou." On the same day, the pros and cons of the two portraits have been determined, and several hundred pieces of brocade were sent to Zhou. The Shuiyue Guanyin portrait of a Taoist temple in Chang 'an, Kyoto, the portrait of a Taoist priest in front of the Buddhist temple in Daxi, and the portraits of two immortals in front of the Buddhist temple in Guangfu Temple are all strange and wonderful. These portraits are the works of Zhou P, who later became an official in Xuanzhou. During his tenure, he painted a statue of the Northern King for the Zen Temple. After the painting was finalized, he often saw the heavenly king come to him in his dreams. Zhou P is the first master in painting men and women all over the world.

This kind of paintings include: banquet pictures with mixed clocks, dance pictures of Liu Xuanwu, pastel books of songs by Du Gufei, pictures of ladies wearing flowers, etc. There are many pictures, such as courtesy pictures of Zhong Ni, truth restored pictures, five-star pictures, butterfly captured pictures, and portraits of you and ten disciples of Wang Wenxuan. At the end of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong, a man who came back from Silla bought dozens of volumes of Zhou P's paintings in Jianghuai area at a very high price. When he was ready to leave, he found that the immortals, real people, men and women in these paintings he bought were all dead and gone. Only pommel horses, birds and animals, bamboo and stone plants are still painted on it.

Paintings handed down from ancient times include Yang Fei Bathing, Concubine Counting Parrots, Zhao Zongshi Lang, Ming Taizu Riding from Slaves, Palace Riding, Youchun Ladies, etc. There are many existing paintings as his handed down works.

Handed down from ancient times, there is a picture of a lady waving a fan and a colorful silk book, which depicts the life scenes of a court lady enjoying the cool, watching embroidery and dressing up in summer. , with a plump figure, meticulous Gu Zhuo, colorful, colorful and elegant style, is now in the Palace Museum; The volume "The Picture of Zanhua Ladies" (biography) describes the scene of aristocratic women wandering in the garden at the turn of spring and summer, which is collected in Liaoning Provincial Museum; Tune the piano and sip tea (biography), Nelson Art Museum, USA. Art activities were held between Tang Dali and Zhenyuan.

Zhou P was a famous religious painter and figure painter at that time. There are two meaningful stories about his activities. Both his drought-striken fields and Han Gan painted portraits of Zhao Zong, Guo Ziyi's son-in-law. The two paintings are hung together, and everyone can't tell them apart. Later, my daughter came to see it herself and thought that Han Gan's paintings were "as empty as Zhao Lang's", while Zhou P could "be angry and make fun of Zhao Lang's feelings". Therefore, Zhou P's art is considered to be beyond Han Gan. In other words, Zhou P's portrait can be vivid, reaching a higher level. Zhou P painted murals in the newly-built Zhangming Temple outside Tonghua Gate in Chang 'an (in 767 AD in the second year of Dali). After the draft came out, people from Beijing came to see tens of thousands of paintings and put forward their opinions. Some people said yes, others pointed out shortcomings, and Zhou Fang listened with an open mind. After a month of revision, the public thought it was completely satisfied and was promoted to the first place at that time. This story not only illustrates the virtue of Zhou P as an excellent painter, but also specifically illustrates how religious art is combined with the demands and wishes of the masses.

Zhou p draws very carefully. It is said that he has been thinking about "as for the feeling of dreams, show the appearance of musical instruments and spread them to the masters." I saw the image I had been looking for in my dream.

The most famous Buddhist image created by Zhou P is "Shuiyue Guanyin", which is recorded. There is a picture of Zhou P in the southeast courtyard of Shengguang Temple Tower in Guangdefang, Chang 'an, a picture frame found in Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, and a cave painting in Wanxi Wanfo Gorge. There are still examples of Shuiyue Guanyin painting in Tang Dynasty. Zhou P's Buddhist paintings have long been a popular standard, which is called "Zhou Family Painting Style".

The characteristics of Zhou P's works, as recorded at that time, are "simple clothes and soft colors", and the female images depicted are "rich as a body". These characteristics can be seen in Zhou P's existing works, such as "The Lady Who Shakes the Fan" and "The Lady Who Flowers".

"Tune the piano and sip tea" and "Fan Girl" used to be considered as Zhou's works. The time and style of the work are close to that of Zhou P. Tune the piano and sip tea shows two women quietly waiting for another woman to fiddle with the strings and get ready to play. In the picture, the back of the trance sipping tea and the meticulous movements of fiddling with the strings are all described accurately and expressively. This painting instantly depicts the carefree mood of ancient aristocratic women in the monotonous life of doing nothing through gestures. The Woman Who Shakes the Fan is also successful in this respect. At the beginning of the book, a lady sits lazily, and her thoughtful expression also reveals the loneliness of their lives. There are thirteen people in the whole volume of "The Lady Who Shakes the Fan", which shows the daily life of officialdom.

The picture of a lady is based on the life of court women, and the luxuriously decorated concubines stroll in the garden. The characters are plump, leisurely and serene, and the identity and life characteristics of the concubines are fully displayed. The environment is only implied by two cranes and puppies, not directly described. The main success of this painting lies in its depiction of image and dynamics.

The most popular theme in these ladies' paintings is loneliness, idleness and boredom in the narrow and poor life of ancient aristocratic women. Described their gorgeous appearance, but also revealed their emotional life through their demeanor, to a certain extent, reflecting the feudal society's bondage to women.

Many of Zhou P's works have been lost, but the general contents can be seen from the titles, such as: various pictures of famous women, such as swimming in spring, making tea, leaning on the fence, flute, dancing cranes, playing flute and Go.

Zhou P's works were very popular among Koreans in the Tang Dynasty. Today, we can also see that ancient Zhou P-style paintings of ladies have been preserved in Japan. Full-bodied female images were widely popular in the Tang Dynasty, especially in the mid-Tang Dynasty and beyond. It was also found in the ancient tomb in Turpan, Xinjiang. There were also many pottery figurines in the Tang Dynasty.

The disciples of Zhou School are Cheng, Wang, Zhao Boxuan,. Among them, Cheng Xiu followed Zhou P for 20 years and had the deepest relationship with Zhou P, which was also the most valued at that time.

The themes of Zhou P's works include those involved in the works of Natalie and other ladies painters at that time. In addition to the general themes of aristocratic women's lives, it is particularly noteworthy that there are also works that specifically describe the activities in the Tang Dynasty, such as Enjoy the Cool in the Ming Dynasty, Fighting Chickens and Shooting Birds in the Ming Dynasty, Playing Wutong in the Ming Dynasty, Night Tour in the Ming Dynasty, Bathing in Yang Fei, Teaching Parrots in Taizhen, and Picture of Guo's Wife. These works directly show the luxurious and romantic life of the emperor and his life without causing discrimination, and are repeated by many painters. This also explains the social and psychological background of the vigorous development of lady painting at that time.

Among the above-mentioned examples of ladies' paintings in the Tang Dynasty, "Tiaoqin Sip Tea", "The Picture of Lady You Chun of the State of Guo" and "The Picture of Tao Ren" all have obvious plots, and the action description has also achieved great success. At that time, ladies painters described the activities of ladies, such as swimming in the spring, leaning against the railing, playing the flute and taking pictures, with the aim of expressing the emotional state of people engaged in these activities, rather than simply expressing them. Today, the ladies' paintings in the Tang Dynasty (including newly unearthed murals and ladies' paintings) all reflect the characteristics of the times and aesthetic ideas, and are also of great significance.

Hua Le fo Xiang

Buddha statue in Tang dynasty

Painting Buddha statues is especially good for Qian Zhou. Since Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhism has become increasingly prosperous, and Taoism is also very popular. Temple view is spread all over the country, so the painting art in Tang Dynasty mostly reflects religious content. However, there is an obvious difference between the paintings at this time and the previous paintings, that is, the Buddhist scriptures and religious paintings are unified with people who imitate real life, so that the works can absorb new materials from real life, thus giving them vigorous vitality. Zhou P's artistic creation in this respect is typical.

According to records, Zhou P painted in many temples. Zhang Jing Temple, Guangfu Temple, Shengguang Temple, Zen Temple and Shangdu Shuiyue Temple all have his handwriting. Xuanhe Palace has 72 portraits of him, including 32 statues of kings and old kings, accounting for 44% of the total. Zhang Huai of the Tang Dynasty said, "Today, there are bodhisattvas enjoying themselves. When people talk about clouds and water, there are monks in front of Dayun West Temple, and Guangfu Temple and Er Shen are wonderful. " He added: "The Buddha statues, true immortals, figures and ladies he painted are all gods."

In painting Buddha statues, Zhou P played a high degree of artistic creativity. "Qinghe Calligraphy and Painting Workshop" records that it is said that his portraits of women are all "beautiful eyes, eyebrows not curled, lips white, ears repaired and nose hanging", and they do not make a delicate and graceful gesture. Obviously, Zhou secularized the religious art, which undoubtedly pushed the painting art to the road of realistic creation. In this respect, Zhou P gradually formed his own unique artistic style-Shui Yue Feng. This kind of Shui Yue style is manifested in the portraits of Bodhisattvas in Shangdu, which is famous for its soft brushwork and rigorous image, so it is called Shui Yue view by later generations. Zhang Yanyuan said: "The clothes are simple, the colors are soft, and the bodhisattva is strict, creating a wonderful body of water and moon."

The artistic experience of figure painting in Tang Dynasty may be the demand of the times. Zhou Po was the most famous religionist and figure painter in Chang 'an in the mid-Tang Dynasty. He was a beginner of Zhang Xuan, and then he created his own style. He is good at drawing rich and fat ladies, and he has a strong ability. Stories handed down are as follows: Your son-in-law asked Zhou and Han Gan to draw a portrait of each of them and hang it in the room. Guo's daughter replied that Zhou P drew Zhao Lang's "smiling posture". This incident was passed down as a much-told story. His Buddhist statues such as "Shui Yue Guan Yin" were regarded as models at that time and were once called "Zhou Jia Style". At that time, his works spread to Japan and Silla (now the central part of the Korean Peninsula), where the original works can still be found. Because of its long history, although it has been handed down from generation to generation, the original work is not uncommon. Readers can only catch a glimpse of paintings by Tang Yin, Chou Ying and other famous ladies in Ming Dynasty.

Zhou P's artistic activities lasted for thirty or forty years, that is, from Dali to Zhenyuan (766-805), and his activities were mainly concentrated in Chang 'an and Jiangnan. Zhou P's official career and aristocratic status made him wander among aristocratic children for a long time, so he had the opportunity to accept Zhang Xuan's painting themes and artistic techniques. He "came to Zhang Xuan first, but later he was slightly different" (Notes on Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties by Tang Yanyuan). Zhou P's painting style is so similar to Zhang Xuan's, and later generations should distinguish his works from Zhou P's "small difference" of not dyeing cinnabar in a lady's ear. In fact, Zhou P has many innovations that Zhang Xuan doesn't have.

Zhou P is not as good as his teacher Zhang Xuan. Good at painting ladies, portraits and Buddha statues, limited to all branches of figure painting. However, Zhou P has many artistic ideas. He created "Shui Yue Guan Yin" with a rigorous attitude, painting Guanyin under Shui Yue, which is quite artistic. This is not only imitated by painters, but also becomes the modeling style of sculptors, which is very popular. More importantly, later generations regard Zhou P's figure paintings, especially the paintings of ladies and Buddha statues, as "Zhou Family Painting Style", which is juxtaposed with "Cao Family Painting Style" (created by Cao in the Northern Qi Dynasty), "Zhang Family Painting Style" (created by Zhang Sengyou in the Southern Dynasty) and "Wu Family Painting Style" (created by Wu Daozi in the Tang Dynasty), and is collectively called "Four Family Painting Styles" in ancient China.

The appearance of "Zhou family style" in the social interaction of characters indicates that Zhou P's artistic achievements and artistic status have surpassed Zhang Xuan, and it also shows that Zhou P's painting art has a deep mass foundation. The appearance of "Zhou Jiafeng" is closely related to Zhang Xuan's artistic preparation. More importantly, before this, both court painters and folk painters had formed a certain program in the modeling of ladies' paintings, and had reached a quite mature level in the expression languages such as description, color setting and composition. For example, the female images on many murals in Dunhuang during the prosperous Tang Dynasty were the source of Zhou paintings, and Zhou paintings also had cross-influences with folk painters. Therefore, it can be said that "Zhou Jiafeng" is not imagined by Zhou P, but has a profound social foundation and a strong artistic foundation. "Zhou Jiafeng" is a summary, concentration and refinement of the artistic language with development foundation among sages and contemporary painters, and it is inevitable that it will be regarded as a model of figure painting by contemporary people and future generations.

From the following two stories, we can find how Zhou P is outstanding in art and has reached the point of being widely praised. Although Zhou P is a noble child, he pays great attention to listening to the opinions of the lower class in improving his painting skills.

On one occasion, a temple god painted by Zhou Ping in Tang Dezong immediately attracted thousands of Beijingers to watch. There are some wonderful words and some flaws. Zhou P was able to listen to the revision opinions with an open mind, and it took more than a month to change them day by day until everyone saidno. Zhou P's Portrait was better than his peers in revealing the spiritual essence of the characters. According to legend, the son-in-law and assistant minister of the famous Tang Dynasty asked Han Gan and Zhou P to paint his portrait. After painting, Zhao Zong put the portrait aside, and it was difficult to decide whether it was good or bad. After returning to the house, Mrs. Zhao commented, "These two paintings are very similar. The former painter looks like Zhao Lang, and the latter painter moves his posture, which makes Zhao Lang laugh. " In a word, Zhou P's artistic skill is fully displayed.

Zhou P not only digs deeply into the souls of the characters in the portraits, but also shows the mentality of all kinds of ladies in the palace in silk books in detail, such as melancholy, sadness, lament, melancholy, resentment, etc., which generally shows the mental state of ladies in the Tang Dynasty after the "An Shi Rebellion". This is also a microcosm of the decline of the Tang empire, which embodies Zhou P's sense of hardship and sympathy for the maids imprisoned in the palace and deepens the theme of Zhang Xuan's paintings of ladies and girls. Natalie and Zhou P lived before and after the "An Shi Rebellion" respectively, and the differences of the times are bound to be reflected in the female mental outlook in their ladies' paintings.

Zhou Po's ladies' paintings represent the mainstream style of ladies' paintings in the middle Tang Dynasty. The female images in his works are plump, with curved eyebrows, full cheeks and full skin, which are beautiful. They all wear ladies' makeup, simple clothes and bright colors. His paintings reflect the monotonous and lonely lives of ladies-in-waiting, such as flapping butterflies, playing Zheng, playing chess, waving fans, playing music and bending over (yawning). In the Northern Song Dynasty, 72 of his paintings were recorded in Xuanhe Painting Spectrum, which have been lost to the world.

Unfortunately, there is no handed down copy of Zhou P, and some ancient paintings have been handed down as his representative works. The so-called "biography" refers to the reliable appraisal opinions of predecessors and the long-term collection and record history. Although there is doubt, it is similar to Zhou P's conception and painting style, and similar or not far from Zhou P's life time. For example, the picture of a lady wearing a flower, the picture of a lady shaking a fan and the picture of a lady tuning the piano represent Zhou P's unique painting characteristics. Although the painting style of another painting, Iman Zhigong Tu, is different from the above three paintings, it can help us understand the painting style similar to that of Zhou P era through various channels. As for my wife's annals of the two countries, it was originally circulated as Zhou P, and now it has been confirmed as a copy of the Song Dynasty.

Zhou P's artistic influence was spread to later generations through "Zhou Jiafeng". His paintings of ladies have long been regarded by the critics at that time as "the highest painting in the ages" (Tang Zhujing announced the Record of Famous Paintings in Tang Dynasty). Almost all the ladies painters in the late Tang Dynasty are in the stage of sticking to the "Zhou family painting style", which controls the ladies painting circle in the late Tang Dynasty. By the Five Dynasties, this artistic pattern remained in the Jiangnan area where Zhou Pu was active, such as Zhou Wenju and Li (958-975) in the Southern Tang Dynasty, which spread the art of painting ladies painted by Zhou Pu. On the other hand, the ladies models in the North of the Five Dynasties tend to be exquisite and elegant, such as Ruan Gao's Fairy Map of Yuen Long from the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty. The images of ladies in the Northern Song Dynasty still show the legacy of Zhang Xuan and Zhou P in appearance, but their shapes tend to be slim. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Mou Yi and others were ladies painters who inherited the painting style of Zhang Xuan and Zhou P, and The Picture of Yi Dao (collected in the National Palace Museum) was their masterpiece. In Song Dynasty, many figure painters were influenced by "Zhou Family Style" facial modeling to varying degrees. By the Yuan Dynasty, with its lofty status of "Five Glorious Dynasties", the painting style of the Tang Dynasty was highly praised both inside and outside the Yuan Dynasty, and the ladies' modeling of Natalie and Zhou P became popular again in the painting world. The most outstanding imitator is Yuan Shundi court painter Zhou Lang (1333- 1368). His "Du Qiu Tu Juan" is completely derived from the style of "Zhou Jia", but his pen shows the elegant and free rhythm of Yuan people. Until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, because the whole society had a fundamental change in the aesthetic view of women, it no longer appreciated the beauty of women in Guanzhong, but instead portrayed slender, slim and thin women in Jiangnan, which was widely popular in scroll paintings. Because the manuscripts of religious murals have been handed down from generation to generation and are relatively stable, the female images in religious themes have more retained the modeling characteristics of "Zhou family style".

As early as the Tang Dynasty, the artistic influence of "Zhou Jiayang" had surpassed that of China, and its artistic charm was dumped by painters in neighboring Silla (now the central part of the Korean Peninsula). From the Zhenyuan period (785-805), Silla people went to the Jianghuai area where Zhou P once lived and bought Zhou P's paintings at a good price. "Zhou Jiafeng" not only influenced Silla's figure paintings, but also traveled across the ocean to Japan, affecting Buddhist statues in Nara era in Japan, such as the "Lucky Goddess" in Tokyo National Museum in Japan (photo 1). During this period, the style of Japanese ladies' paintings was more like "Zhou's family style", such as "Bird hair standing on the female screen" in Tokyo National Museum, Japan (Figure 2).

Unofficial history anecdote Zhou P, a native of Tang Dynasty and Kyoto. After being our official, he continued to write well. He learned all the skills in painting. He associates with dignitaries and is a noble constantly chauffeured. Zhou's brother Zhou is good at riding and archery. He once went on an expedition to Tibet with general Ge Hanshu. ) recaptured Shibao City, and after returning due to the meritorious military service, Jin Wu was officially granted the right to take charge of public security in Kyoto. At that time, I was repairing the temple and summoned Zhou to say, Zhou, your brother Zhou P is good at drawing. I want to ask him to draw a statue of Jing Temple. Please tell him. A few days later, Zhou and Zhou were invited to start painting. At first, Zhou P put the idol in the temple like a screen, and all the people in Kyoto could see it. Zhang Jing Temple is in front of the palace, and people, whether kind or stupid, go to see portraits. Some people say this picture is good, others say it is not good. If someone finds fault, Zhou P will correct me at any time. More than a month has passed, without any critics, people all admire the wonderful painting of this statue! Finally, the draft was over, and it was the first in the world at that time. Guo Ziyi's son-in-law and assistant minister Zhao Zong once asked Han Gan to paint a portrait, and everyone praised him for his good painting. Later, he asked Zhou P to draw a portrait. Han Hezhou was the most famous painter at that time. On one occasion, Guo put these two portraits side by side, so that people can judge whether they are good or bad, and no one can judge them. Just as his daughter Mrs. Zhao came back to visit relatives, your father asked: Who are these two portraits? Mrs. Zhao replied that it was my husband Zhao Lang. Guo asked: Which portrait is the most similar? Mrs. Zhao replied: Both portraits are very similar. However, the latter is the best. Guo asked: Why do you say that? Mrs. Zhao replied: The former portrait is only a portrait of Zhao Lang's appearance, and the latter one is a picture of demeanor, expression and joking gestures. Guo asked: Who painted the last one? Someone replied: this was painted by Zhou. On the same day, after determining the pros and cons of the two portraits, people drew hundreds of brocade for Zhou to show their gratitude. The Shuiyue Guanyin portrait of a Taoist temple in Chang 'an, Kyoto, the portrait of a Taoist priest in front of the Buddhist temple in Daxi, and the portraits of two immortals in front of the Buddhist temple in Guangfu Temple are all strange and wonderful. These portraits are the works of Zhou P, who later became an official in Xuanzhou. During his tenure, he painted a statue of the Northern King for the Zen Temple. After the painting was finalized, he often saw the heavenly king come to him in his dreams. Zhou P is the first master in painting men and women all over the world. This kind of paintings include: the banquet picture of the mixed world clock, the dance picture of Liu Xuanwu, and the pink book of Du Gufei. There are many pictures, such as courtesy pictures of Zhong Ni, truth restored pictures, five-star pictures, butterfly captured pictures, and portraits of you and ten disciples of Wang Wenxuan. At the end of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong, a man who came back from Silla bought dozens of volumes of Zhou P's paintings in Jianghuai area at a very high price. When he was ready to leave, he found that the immortals, real people, men and women in these paintings he bought were all dead and gone. Only pommel horses, birds and animals, bamboo and stone plants are still painted on it.