In 20 10, the total output value of the world manufacturing industry reached 10 trillion US dollars. Among them, China accounts for 19.8% of the world's manufacturing output, slightly higher than the United States. The number one "throne" of the manufacturing industry in the world, the United States kept it from 1895 until 2009. Some commentators quoted the statistics of the United Nations and found that the manufacturing output value of China was 2.05 trillion US dollars, while that of the United States was 1.78 trillion US dollars, which was 438+0 at the exchange rate in early 2065. Anyway, according to the data, the output value of manufacturing industry has surpassed that of the United States, which is good news for Chinese people. Many analysts call it "historic transcendence". In fact, China once accounted for 30% of the world's manufacturing output value in the 1960s and 1930s, but then the Opium War broke out, which made this achievement fall to the bottom. By 1900, this share was only about 6%. After that, it took China 100 years to catch up. For example, according to the basic industrial data, the crude steel output of China in 20 10 was 627 million tons, accounting for 44.3% of the world's total output, exceeding the sum of the 2nd to 20th places. Cement output/kloc-0.868 million tons, accounting for 60% of the world's total output; Electrolytic aluminum15.65 million tons, accounting for 65% of the world total; Refined copper production accounts for 24% of the world's total, and consumption accounts for half of the world's total; Coal production is 3.24 billion tons, accounting for 45% of the world's total output; The output of chemical fertilizer accounts for 35% of the world, and that of chemical fiber accounts for 42.6% of the world. Glass production accounts for 50% of the world. Except for oil and ethylene, China's basic industrial capacity is mostly among the best. In terms of specific products, China's report card is also outstanding. Automobile production18,264,700 vehicles, surpassing the United States, accounting for 25% of the world's total output; Ship production accounts for 41.9% of the world; Construction machinery accounts for 43% of the world. China also produced 68% computers, 50% color TVs, 65% refrigerators, 80% air conditioners, 70% mobile phones, 44% washing machines, 70% microwave ovens and 65% digital cameras for the world ... Interestingly, with the upsurge of gold investment in China, China also produced 340 in 20 10. But whether China's huge manufacturing industry can develop sustainably needs to be discussed. Especially since the beginning of this year, the prices of factors of production such as land, raw materials and labor have risen, and many people are worried about whether "Made in China" can maintain its existing advantages. It is reported that some scattered "foreign capital" evacuation phenomenon did happen. For example, Ford Motor Company announced that it would manufacture some auto parts in the United States, and then China was their first choice to build a new factory. American ATM supply giant NCR has moved some ATM production back to the United States from China. Caterpillar, the construction machinery giant, is also preparing to "go home" to set up factories and create jobs for the local area. In the Pearl River Delta region, an American company producing high-end baseball carbon fiber is going to move back to China. Sleek Audio, a high-end headset manufacturer, will withdraw from Dongguan. According to this analysis, a new round of global industrial transfer is showing new characteristics, and the wind of "transfer" of high value-added industries in developed countries seems to be quietly blowing. He also said that the United States should not be too pessimistic about losing the "first place." Because the United States has a huge labor productivity advantage, which is reflected in the fact that in 20 10, the manufacturing output in the United States was only slightly lower than that in China, but the manufacturing industry in the United States only had 1/kloc-0.5 million workers, while the manufacturing industry in China employed/kloc-0.5 billion people. At the same time, "a large part of China's manufacturing output comes from China subsidiaries of American companies". A person familiar with the Department of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of Guangdong Province believes that "the international financial crisis has forced developed countries to re-examine the domestic industrial structure, explore ways to revitalize the real economy, and encourage high-end manufacturing industries to stay at home or even return to China from abroad." The report of the Boston Consulting Group even predicts that 15% of American enterprises aiming at the North American market will "return" to the United States from China. According to the data of the Ministry of Commerce, in the first eight months of this year, the United States invested in 967 new enterprises in China, down 5.29% year-on-year, and the actually used foreign capital was 2.545 billion US dollars, down 14.42% year-on-year. However, this decline is not worrying. At the same time, in the first eight months, Asia14,496 countries and regions invested in China with new enterprises14,496, up 8.66% year-on-year, and the actually used foreign capital amounted to 66.972 billion US dollars, up 23. 12% year-on-year. Investment in China by the 27 EU countries has also maintained growth. The report of the Boston Consulting Group does not forget to remind "20 10 The labor cost in the Yangtze River Delta region of China is only 25% of that in western European countries; With the increase of labor cost, it is predicted that by 20 15, the labor cost in China will reach 38% of that in western Europe. But this growth is not enough to form a turning point. " According to the Special Report on the Economic Situation in South China 20 1 1 issued by the American Chamber of Commerce in South China, 75. 1% of American enterprises' main business in China turned to providing products and services for the China market instead of exporting them abroad, while in 2003 the figure was less than 24%. Therefore, it is still the mainstream for American-funded enterprises to increase their investment in China. Harry Sayyading, chairman of the Chamber of Commerce, told the media that most of the enterprises that China has moved to other low-cost areas are labor-intensive, low-tech and energy-intensive product reprocessing manufacturing industries, which usually have a greater impact on the environment. Moving out of China is also a good thing. Gains and losses of "Made in China" The China Academy of Social Sciences recently analyzed the industrial market share and competitiveness indicators of more than 0/00 countries in the world, and China ranked first in the world. However, the publisher talked more about the "dilemma" faced by China's manufacturing industry. Jin Bei, director of the Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that "Made in China" is under great pressure of rising resources, environment and costs, and the industrial profit rate is obviously low, and even there is a vicious cycle tendency of "de-manufacturing" or "de-industrialization". Wenzhou is a typical example. This region, which used to rely on the rapid rise of manufacturing industry, fell into the trap of financing bubble because it encountered the "ceiling" of industrial upgrading. In fact, the problems encountered by the global rise of "Made in China" are far more complicated than those simple figures.