Literary talent is scarce. The Book of Southern Qi claims to be "less studious, with a good reputation and beautiful articles". He once worked in literature for Wang Xiaowei of Zhang Yu, joined the army to follow Wang Zilong, and was also one of the eight friends of Wang Xiaoliang Zi in Jingling.
When Ming Di was in his palm, he wrote an imperial edict. In the second year of Jianwu (495), he was appointed as the magistrate of Xuancheng, known as "Xie Xuancheng" in history.
Later, he served as an official of Shangshu. In the first year of Hou Yongyuan in Donghuan (499), King Xiao Yaoguang of An sought the throne, and Xie X was framed and put to death.
Xie I was born in a famous family, and he was the Xie family of Chen County together with the famous landscape poet Xie Lingyun. His grandmother is the sister of Ye Fan, the author of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, and his grandfather Xie Shu is a close friend of Liu Yikang, the prime minister of the early Song Dynasty. Father, official assistant minister, mother Xie I is the Great Wall Princess of Liu Song. Thanks to the first generation of aristocratic men, Qiu, who has the qualification of family A, joined the army as the starting officer.
Xie I left his post at the age of 20 in the first year of Yongming (483). In the early and middle period of Yongming, he served as some insignificant officials, lived a light and fat aristocratic life and made friends with poets.
In the spring of the ninth year of Yongming (49 1), Xie I went to Jingzhou with Xiao Zilong as a literature (official name), leaving many poems.
In the summer of the second year of Jianwu (495), Xie I became the prefect of Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui Province), realizing the wish of "Lingfenghan" and "Zishanquan". He didn't want to give up his official uniform, but also wanted to stay away from the reality of blood, so he had to pursue a realm of "official seclusion". In the poem "Xinlinpu to Banqiao in Xuancheng County", "I am happy with my feelings and aim to revive Cangzhou. It's very pleasant to live here. Although there is no mysterious leopard gesture, it will eventually be hidden in the fog of Nanshan. "It is this kind of ambivalence. In Xuancheng, Xie I pushed his poetry creation to the peak of quantity and art, and most of the poems handed down to this day were handed down from Xuancheng period. Therefore, Xie I was also called "Xie Xuancheng" by later generations. In the fourth year of Jianwu (497), Xie I appointed Qi Mingdi's eldest son as Zhenbei consultant and prefect of the South East China Sea. At this time, Xiao Luan was already suffering. The Northern Wei army often harassed crossing the river, and the North and South weapons confronted each other several times.
At that time, Wang Jing, the father-in-law of Xie I, was appointed as the magistrate of Huiji. Because he was the confidant of Emperor Wu of Qi, Xiao Luan did not trust him, so he increased his surveillance. Wang Jing is afraid of everything and feels a catastrophe. His fifth son, Wang Youlong, sent someone to the South East China Sea Institute to have a secret talk with Xie I. I thanked him for being afraid that he would be involved, detained the bearer and turned himself in. After Wang Jingze was destroyed by the clan, Xie I was promoted to the rank of Shangshu for his merits.
Xiao Zilong has always loved thanking me for my talent, so thanking me has also received the most generous courtesy, often saying, "Stay a little longer and don't give up tomorrow." Unexpectedly, he was jealous of this man with a long history and real power, so he secretly used Emperor Wu. At this time, Xiao Ze, Emperor Wu of Qi, was seriously ill and sent Xie I back to Beijing. This is a bolt from the blue for Xie himself!
The political stage of Song and Qi Dynasties was extremely dark. A prominent official's house was originally full of food and drink. Yesterday, there was a lot of traffic in front of the door, but today it can be destroyed by a family. As early as the Liu and Song Dynasties, Xie Yi's biological mother was the daughter of the royal family, but his uncles Xie Zong and Xie Yue were executed together with Xie Yi's great-uncle Ye Fan because of their involvement in political cases, and Xie Yi's parents were forced to leave Beijing because of their involvement. These are of course very impressive for Xie, who is extremely clever. Coupled with resentment and grievances, in Xinlin Road, facing the great river, he recited "To my colleagues in Xifu", ending with four sentences: "I am often afraid that the eagle will attack me, but it will attack me with severe frost. The person who sent the message to Wollo is already in the air. " Is a true expression of this fear.
Soon, Xiao Ze, the Emperor of Qi, died of illness. Due to the early death of the Prince, Xiao Ze entrusted the political power to his cousin Xiao Luan and his second son, Jingling Wangxiaoliangzi. However, the wily Xiao Luan is planning a coup in an attempt to usurp the throne of the emperor. On the one hand, he cleared the way for usurping the throne, on the other hand, he used Xie I, a famous writer, to expand his power by borrowing the prestige of Xie's family.
In the winter of the 11th year of Yongming (493), the eldest grandson Xiao ascended the throne. One of the "Eight Friends of Jingling" was punished for being involved in the contradiction between Xiao and Xiao's uncle, and soon Xiao died of fear. This undoubtedly provided an opportunity for Xiao Luan to usurp the throne.
The following autumn, he abolished Xiao's throne and made his younger brother Xiao emperor, further monopolizing military and political power. Then Xiao Luan killed all the officials of Emperor Wudi with his rubber hand, and finally abolished Xiao Zhaowen himself and climbed to the throne of the emperor from a pool of blood. Xie I witnessed a series of changes in the situation, and now he has been promoted to prominent positions, such as consultant, clerk's office, official in charge of writing, and China's letters and letters.
Thank you. I was stunned by this roommate's murder scene. Is it that high officials are generous, people yearn for it, and they are prominent for a while? He fell into a deeper contradiction and pain, and he sang: "So, he dispersed, hung down his shoulder pole, and sank deeply into the bottom of the ravine" ("Starting from Shangshu Province"), "Andeling Han Feng, chatting about enjoying the mountain springs" ("Worthy of Shushu Province"). He is afraid of the dark and chaotic reality, and he hopes to seek spiritual detachment in mountains and rivers.
Climbing three mountains to Wangjing Town in the evening is regarded as a unique skill by people: Baba Chang 'an and Heyang Shijing County. The sun sets on the towering roof, and the houses in Beijing are not so high and low. The residual clouds of the sunset are scattered like rosy clouds, and the clear river is as calm as white. Noisy birdsong covers the spring, and all kinds of flowers cover the countryside in the suburbs. ..... At this time, Xie Tiao's poems, except "all words flow naturally" (Liu Xizai's Art Outline), are still fresh and natural, and Buddhism and Taoism are naturally woven into the poems, which makes people feel that there is a kind of deep feeling and wonderful reason besides pen and ink (Shen Deqian's Ancient Poetry Source), so each article is a swan song. Zhong Rong said in "Poems" that Xie Tiao's poems were "admired by later literati", hoping that they would be popular in the poetry circle at that time and play a role in promoting the style of writing.
After the death of Emperor Song Ming, there was chaos in the East and he acceded to the throne. The new emperor was extravagant and heartless, which made the country a mess and made officials corrupt. Jiang V and others wanted to abandon the East and set Wang Yaoguang as the first emperor to stabilize the country. At first, Ann sent Liu Jufeng, a confidant, to see Xie Tiao and let him participate in this matter. But Xie X thought that he was thinking of Ming Chengzu. Although there was no way to wait in the East Palace, he was his son after all, so he refused to promise, and told others about the private plans of Jiang V and others. Jiang You and others naturally hate him. In addition, Xie X once satirized Jiang V and Liu, because he was arrogant, so they looked for opportunities to harm him. Just in time for this incident, Jiang V and others joined hands with the wicked to accuse and falsely accuse him of rebellion. Dong Hunhou was a confused emperor, so he was sent to prison again.
Soon, he died in prison at the age of 36.
Xie is a representative writer of Yongming style poems in Nanqi. He, He and others studied the harmony of sound, rhyme and tone in poetry according to the four tones of Chinese, and put forward the theory of "eight diseases", which created the eternal style and made contributions to the development of modern poetry.
His main achievement in poetry creation is the development of landscape poetry. Xie X's landscape poems are as famous as Xie Lingyun's, and are known as Schell in the world. Also because Xie X and Xie Lingyun are the same clan, they are also called big and small Xie.
Daxie (Lingyun)' s landscape poems have never been separated from the influence of metaphysical poetry style, and the color of Hyunri has always remained behind Mo Mountain.
Xiao Xie (X)' s landscape poems are completely descriptions of natural landscapes, and Hyunri elements are completely eliminated. Xie X's poems are exquisite in language and harmonious in phonology, which embodies the characteristics of Yongming's poems. For example, "The sunset is scattered into a enchanting scene, and Chengjiang is as quiet as practice" ("Going to Sanshan and Returning to Beijing at night"); "The boat is known in the sky, and the river tree is distinguished in the cloud" ("Xinlinpu to Banqiao in Xuancheng County"). They are all fresh and elegant, and the police are all beautiful women. This is a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages.
Liang Wudi said, "I feel bad breath after not reading Xie Shi for three days." Shen Yue said, "There has been no such poem for two hundred years."
Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was the most devoted to Xie X. In the Qing Dynasty, G said that Li Bai "bowed his head and thanked Xuancheng all his life".
Yongming poetic style
Xie is a representative writer of Yongming style poems in Nanqi. He, He and others studied the harmony of sound, rhyme and tone in poetry according to the four tones of Chinese, and put forward the theory of "eight diseases", which created the eternal style and made contributions to the development of modern poetry. His main achievement in poetry creation is the development of landscape poetry. Xie X's landscape poems are as famous as Xie Lingyun's, and are known as Schell in the world. Also because Xie X and Xie Lingyun are the same clan, they are also called big and small Xie. Daxie (Lingyun)' s landscape poems have never been separated from the influence of metaphysical poetry style, and the color of Hyunri has always remained behind Mo Mountain. Xiao Xie (X)' s landscape poems are completely descriptions of natural landscapes, and Hyunri elements are completely eliminated. Xie X's poems are exquisite in language and harmonious in phonology, which embodies the characteristics of Yongming's poems. For example, "The sunset is scattered into a enchanting scene, and Chengjiang is as quiet as practice" ("Going to Sanshan and Returning to Beijing at night"); "The boat is known in the sky, and the river tree is distinguished in the cloud" ("Xinlinpu to Banqiao in Xuancheng County"). They are all fresh and elegant, and the police are all beautiful women. This is a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was the most devoted to Xie X. In the Qing Dynasty, G said that Li Bai "bowed his head and thanked Xuancheng all his life". Xie X's poems not only influenced the poets in Tang Dynasty, but also influenced the poetic style of a generation. There are more than 200 poems today. Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi records Xie X Ji 12 and Xie X Medical Records 1, both of which have been lost. Later generations compiled Xie Xuan into a Collection. Today, Cao Rongnan has Notes on Xie Xuan's Collection.
At that time, Xiao, the second son of Xiao Ze, Emperor Wu of Qi, was proficient in Buddhist scriptures, loved literature, and recruited scribes widely. There are more than 300 literati in and out of his mansion, of which eight are the most famous, such as Xie, Ren, Lu, and Yu, and they are also called "Eight Friends of Jingling". Their poetry creation at that time was innovative in system and phonology, and has always been called "Yongming style" new poetry by literary historians.
Among these eight people, Ren P is famous for his skillful writing, and Xie I is the most famous poet. Shen Yue is good at poetry and prose, but not as good as the first two. Shen Yue's "Four Tones Spectrum" aims to summarize how to seek its own phonological rules after poetry broke away from Yuefu Poetry Movement. Although it was immature and complicated at that time, it undoubtedly had its positive significance at that time.
Xie Yi's five-character poems made early use of the achievements of four tones and absorbed nutrition from the changes of new tones. He said with deep understanding: "A good poem is round and beautiful, flowing like a projectile." His poems are good at absorbing the most touching moments in natural scenery and frankly revealing the beauty of nature with delicate poems. For example, in "You Dongtian", "The trees are far and warm, and the smoke is endless. Fish play with the new lotus, birds scatter flowers and fall, and "Cao Du Cao leaves the new forest and bamboo with Xu" in "Jieqing Jiaolu, looking back at Cangjiang River". When the sun rises, the river moves, and the scenery floats between the grass. "In" Governing the House ","The pavilion faces the autumn wind, and the window opens and looks cold. "The wind breaks the lotus in the pool, and first frost Jiangnan is green" and so on. Before the appearance of five-character poems such as Wang Wei in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, it was the top grade of poetry.
Therefore, Shen Yue was very convinced of Xie Tiao's five-character poem and praised it: "There has been no such poem for two hundred years." After Xiao Yan proclaimed himself emperor, he still admired Xie I's poems, saying that if he didn't read them for three days, he would have bad breath. Therefore, Xie Yi's five-character new poems are the banner of "eternal style", and Xie Yi is the crown of poets in Southern Qi Dynasty.
Prose of ci and fu
Xie X's words and prose are not as successful as poetry. To our credit, there are some lyric poems, such as homesickness, back garden trip, Gao Song and Du Ruo. Due to the use of temperament, it has shown a parallel trend. There are also essays such as "White Words Follow the King" and "The Epitaph of Qi Hailing", which are both poetic and picturesque.
Li Bai's "Shu Yun, the farewell school book of Xuanzhou Xie X Building"
In the autumn of the 12th year of Tang Tianbao (753), Li Bai came to Xuanzhou, and one of his uncles, Liu Yun, whose official was a school bookkeeper, was about to leave. He wrote a well-known poem for pedestrians, "Uncle Yun, a farewell to the school book in the X building of Xuanzhou".
Since yesterday, I have to leave Bolt and me behind. It hurts my heart even more today.
Autumn geese are escorted by Changfeng, and I face them from this villa and drink my wine; The bones of great writers are all your brushes. In Tianyuan, I grew up beside you, Xiao Xie.
We all hold high our yearning for the distance and want to go to the sky to embrace the bright moon; But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with our swords and raise our glasses to drown our sorrows.
Since the world can't satisfy our desire, I will loosen my hair and get on a fishing boat tomorrow.
As a personal work, Xie's poetry not only influenced the poets in the Tang Dynasty, but also influenced a poet.
Poetic style There are more than 200 poems today. Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi records Xie X Ji 12 and Xie X Medical Records 1, both of which have been lost. The Collection of Xie Xuancheng was compiled in Ming Dynasty.
Today, Cao Rongnan has Notes on Xie Xuan's Collection.
Family members come from clans, and their mother is the fifth princess of the Great Wall in Song Wendi.
Thank you, eldest son.
The second son, Mo Xie, was a counselor in Nanqi. Ben is engaged to his second daughter; In the first year of Yongyuan (499), Xie X was framed, imprisoned and died. After Xiao Yan proclaimed himself emperor, he refused to admit his marriage, and only used the position of a county magistrate to comfort Mo Xie.
Later generations influenced the personality spirit. Xie X is loyal to the monarch and can promote and care for talented people. Kong Kai, a member of Huiji, was not famous at that time, but after reading his article, he was deeply impressed. He often praises Kong Kai to others, saying that his reputation is not established, and we should encourage him together.
Another winter, the weather is very cold, the wind is very strong, and snowflakes are flying. He came out of the palace, passed by his home by the river and went in for a visit. At that time, there was only a broken quilt on the river, covered with a single mat. He doesn't seem to know that the weather is cold, just burying himself in a book. Xie X saw this situation and sighed for a long time. He took off his jacket and put it on the river. He went out to cut off half the cushion in the car and pave the way for the river before leaving.
Literary features Xie X's poems are fresh and beautiful, with strange chapters and sentences, handsome and powerful. For example: "Birds are scattered in the sun, and Shan Gui is lonely." "God knows the ship, and the river tree knows the cloud." "The river flows day and night, and the guests are sad." "The wind has been moving for thousands of years, and the Japanese invaders are exposed." "Yu Xia is scattered, Chengjiang is scattered." "The wind blows cold rain, and the depression comes up." Kimberly Magpie, jade rope low chapter. "And so on are famous sentences that have been passed down through the ages.
Shen Deqian, a poetry critic in Qing Dynasty, said, "Xuan Hui has a beautiful heart. Whenever I read his famous sentences, I feel cold, and I feel that there is affection in the pen and ink, and there is mystery outside the pen and ink. " Zhong Rong, the author of Shi Pin, is a good friend of Xie X, and also praises Xie X's poetic talent, saying that Xie X often talks with me about poetry, is impassioned, encourages criticism, and surpasses his poems.
Xie Woting In the early Tang Dynasty, the "Xie X Building" was built in Xuancheng to commemorate Xie X, which is located in the center of Xuancheng and is a famous cultural building. It is not only a local symbol of Xuancheng, but also a symbol of China's traditional poetry and literature. Because the building is located in the north of the county seat, it is named "North Building", and because Jingting Mountain was famous for a while when the building was completed, it is also called "Beiwang Building" because it can overlook Jingting Mountain. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai visited Xuancheng many times and paid tribute to this building to express his feelings with poems.
The poem "Qiu Deng Xuancheng Xie X North Building" is well-known and sung through the ages. The poem says: "The river is picturesque, and the mountains look at the clear sky at night. Between the two rivers, one lake is like a bright mirror; The two bridges on the river look like rainbows falling from the sky. Orange forest pomelo is set off in the cold smoke of kitchen smoke; Autumn is boundless, and the phoenix tree has become old. Whoever goes to the North Building appreciates the wind. " Because Li Bai's poems are widely praised, this building is also called "Xie Gong Lou" and "Xie X Lou". Since then, there have been pavilions around the building, such as Fengfeng Pavilion, Qingshu Pavilion, Yingchun Pavilion, Guanfeng Pavilion, Shuangxi Pavilion and Huaixie Pavilion. Thanks to several renovations, the Xie X Building has been visited by scholars and celebrities of past dynasties, and people visiting the building are in an endless stream. There are countless poems and songs.
In the early years of Guangxu (1875), Zhifu Land was rebuilt. He named the upper floor the stacked cockroach building and the lower floor the Xie Tiao building. The last time the Xie X building was bombed by the Japanese army was in 1937. After liberation, it was built into a martyrs cemetery.
1997, an imposing Xinxie X building with four eaves flying high and winding corridors reappeared in its former site. It smiles at Kaiyuan Building, overlooks Wanxi River, stands in the downtown area and enjoys the new look of the ancient city.
The scenery features the temple building, the battlements are in the palm of your hand, and the mountains and rivers are in your mind. However, you can see mountains and rivers, pavilions and clouds changing, and the clouds and trees are shining. The Sichuan Courtyard starts from the pavilion in the north, and the water is delivered to the east between the clouds. Scholars of all ages came here in succession and wrote countless poems. There are more than 65,438+030 poems in the North Building, including the top masterpieces of famous poets such as Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Du Mu, Mei, Wen Tianxiang, Gong Shitai, Shi and so on.
1May, 998, the site of Xiex Building was listed as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit. The site is a platform with a height of 6m, with an area of1500m2.