Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, there were many small countries in the western regions, and some small countries north of Tianshan Mountain were controlled and enslaved by Xiongnu.

In the second year of Emperor Gaozu's Xuandi (the first 60 years), Wu Leicheng (formerly known as Luntai State) was established here as the political, economic, cultural and military center of the Han Dynasty, which was in charge of 36 countries in the western regions. At that time, the western regions were appointed by the emperor himself, and the replacement of 1 for three years (including extension and shortening) never stopped. According to Hanshu, there were 65,433 people in the Western Han Dynasty. At that time, Luntai was a battleground country. Duhufu directly ruled it, and the king of Luntai was summoned by the emperor many times. There were other administrative, military and institutional institutions in the Han Dynasty, such as a captain who had been stationed in the garrison and a garrison commander. The local upper-class ethnic minorities have been awarded official positions such as king, marquis, general, minister, doctor and a captain, all of which are under the jurisdiction of the Western Regions.