Civil engineering refers to the planning, construction and maintenance of all infrastructure related to water, soil and culture. General civil engineering projects include: roads, water supply, drainage, flood control works and transportation. In the past, all civil engineering for non-military purposes fell into this category, but with the increasingly broad engineering science, many contents that originally belonged to the category of civil engineering have become independent disciplines. Civil engineering in a narrow sense is civil engineering, that is, building engineering (or structural engineering), bridge and tunnel engineering, geotechnical engineering, highway and urban roads, railway engineering and so on.

Civil engineering specialty can be roughly divided into two different directions: road and bridge engineering and construction engineering. In the career, the positions in these two directions have both general unity and specific differences in details. Generally speaking, the main employment directions of civil engineering majors are as follows:

Engineering technology direction

Representative posts: builder, constructor, structural engineer, technical manager, project manager, etc.

Representative industries: construction enterprises, real estate development enterprises, road and bridge construction enterprises, etc.

Employment prospects: Just as we see the high-rise buildings around us constantly rising, the wide and flat roads constantly extending in all directions, the demand for engineering and technical talents in the civil construction industry is also growing. In 2004, enterprises that entered various talent markets to recruit engineering and technical personnel involved 100 industries, among which the demand for talents in housing and civil engineering and construction industries has jumped to the top of talent markets in many cities. With the deepening of economic development, road network transformation and urban infrastructure construction, the demand for civil engineering technicians will continue to rise at present and in the future. Coupled with the upgrading of roads and bridges and urban infrastructure, as long as the talent market is not over-saturated, it can be said that the employment prospects of civil engineering technicians have been very good.

Design, planning and budget direction

Representative positions: project designer, structural audit, urban planner, budget officer, budget engineer, etc.

Representative industries: engineering survey and design units, real estate development enterprises, functional departments of transportation or municipal engineering organs, engineering cost consulting institutions, etc.

Employment prospects: The demand for engineering designers from various survey and design institutes is increasing. As a new profession, urban planning needs more modern design and planning talents with the deepening of urban construction. With the rise of consulting industry, consulting service personnel in construction industry such as engineering budget and final accounts have also become new employment growth points in civil engineering industry.

Direction of quality supervision and engineering supervision

Representative position: supervision engineer

Representative industries: construction, road and bridge supervision companies, and engineering quality inspection and supervision departments.

Employment prospect: Project supervision is a new profession. With the increasingly standardized quality supervision of buildings and road and bridge construction in China, the supervision industry has faced unprecedented development opportunities since its birth. With the improvement of the national engineering supervision system, the supervision industry has a broader development space.

Engineering maintenance direction

Representative position: Engineer of rail transit and railway public works department, usually the engineering and technical personnel of the construction unit.

Representative industries: rail transit, railway works section (office).

Employment prospects: The 11th Five-Year Plan plans to have a national road network of 65,438+10,000 kilometers. Many large and medium-sized cities are building subway transportation, which requires a large number of technicians to carry out inspection and maintenance.

Civil servants, teaching and research direction

Representative positions: civil servants, teachers.

Representative industries: transportation, municipal administration departments, universities, scientific research and design units.

Employment prospects: The reform of the civil service system has opened the door for ordinary college graduates to work in government agencies. The rapid development of roads, bridges and construction industry has brought huge demand for talents, which has increased the demand for civil engineering teachers. However, it should be noted that the competition in these industries is generally fierce, requiring job seekers to have a higher professional level and comprehensive quality.