Important events: Wang Anshi's political reform, Wutai poetry case, etc.
In-service: 18.
Predecessor: Zhao Shu.
Succession: Zhao Xu.
Life in Song Shenzong
Early experience Zhao Xu was born in Pu 'anyi Palace on May 25th, 1048. The first name was born by Queen Gao.
1063 was established as the king of the country. Later, he served as an official in Pingzhang and Shutong, and was named King of Huaiyang County.
1064, called Wang Ying.
1066, he was made the crown prince.
Since childhood, Zhao Xu has been "eager to learn, but he forgot to eat until the end of the day". When he was a prince, he liked reading Everything is Wrong, and he was very interested in the technique of "rich and powerful soldiers" of the Legalists. I have also read Wang Anshi's Last Words of Renzong, and I appreciate Wang Anshi's thought of managing money and governing the country very much.
/kloc-in the first month of 0/067, Song Yingzong died and Prince Zhao Xu succeeded to the throne. The following year, it was changed to Xining. After Zhao Xu ascended the throne, the rule of the Northern Song Dynasty faced a series of crises, such as huge military expenditure, bloated bureaucracy and numerous political expenditures. In addition, a large number of annual coins were given to Liao and Xixia every year, which made the financial deficit of the Northern Song Dynasty year after year. According to the Records of Grain and Goods in the History of Song Dynasty, the fiscal deficit in Song Dynasty reached10/7.5 million yuan in 2065. Due to the merger of powerful people, the exploitation of usury and the aggravation of taxes, the broad masses of peasants have repeatedly rioted and rebelled. In the case of internal and external troubles and financial difficulties, Zhao Xu had doubts about the "Law of Ancestors" formulated by Song Taizu and Song Taizong. Young Zhao Xu has ideals and dares to break the tradition. He firmly believes that political reform is the only way to alleviate the crisis. In order to make Qiang Bing a rich country, ease class contradictions, and save the crisis of feudal rule, he did not treat the palace, did not do anything lucky, abolished the elders, and took Wang Anshi to preside over the political reform. With Wang Anshi's assistance, he began an unprecedented political reform in the history of the Song Dynasty, and carried out many reforms in politics, economy and military affairs, which had a great influence on the Zhao and Song Dynasties.
1068, Wang Anshi entered Beijing as a satrap. When Zhao Xu heard that Wang Anshi had come to Beijing, he was very excited and immediately called him into the palace. Zhao Xu visited Wang Anshi and listened to Wang Anshi's political, financial, economic and military reform strategies, deeply feeling that Wang Anshi was a talented person who could achieve great things with himself. Wang Anshi was also moved by Zhao Xu's great efforts and the great ambition of Qiang Bing, a rich country in Qiang Bing. The monarch and the minister came together for common ideals and beliefs. Undeniably, the reason why Zhao Xu's reform ideal was put into practice at the beginning of his succession was closely related to Wang Anshi's support.
With the implementation of the new law in A.D. 1069, Zhao Xu appointed Wang Anshi as a political adviser, mainly responsible for political reform. At the same time, adjust personnel arrangements and form a new ruling team. The reform measures can be roughly divided into three parts: the law of enriching the country, the law of strengthening the army and the law of selecting scholars. Then the new law was gradually introduced. As soon as the new law was promulgated, it attracted a lot of criticism and abuse from officials and people. Not only from the content and interests, but also from the ideological and moral point of view, it was said that Wang Anshi "reformed his ancestral teachings" and "enlightened his heart with rich skills, and wanted to forget his old studies for near success", while "Shang Yang's law, called Shang Yang's law, relied on monks for its financial benefits, and despised the old achievements." Wang Anshi was unmoved by numerous discussions in the DPRK and shouted the slogan "Heaven is not afraid enough, people's words are not merciful enough, and ancestors' laws are not kept enough". "Zhao Xu expressed his support for Wang Anshi, saying," People can have morality, but don't live up to their reputation. "We advocate paying equal attention to morality and fame and fortune, and oppose the old school's empty talk about morality and doing nothing in politics. In the dispute between the two factions, a group of officials who held negative opinions on the reform were dismissed one after another: for example, in the history of remonstrance, Cheng "asked the new law to leave Yingzhou"; Liu Qi, Sun Changling, Wang Zishao, Cheng Hao, Zhang Qian, Xie, Yang Hui, and admonition officials Fan Chunren, Sun Jue, Yang, etc. They were speechless, and they all left the young crops in Fanzhen, a bachelor of Hanlin, to seize the official position "; Ouyang Xiu asked for an official position, "only listen to his words"; Fu Bi "; Yan Bo said that the city is easy to compete with the next Yizhou, "Yan Bo defends Wei".
In A.D. 1070, Wang Anshi was appointed as the official and prime minister of Tong Middle School, with greater power. As a result, new laws on farmland, water conservancy, young crops, unified transportation, armor protection, exemption from service, changing cities, protecting horses and farmland were promulgated in various places, and the reform reached a climax. In order to formulate and implement the new law in a timely and effective manner, Zhao Xu established the "Three Division Regulations Division", which is a specialized agency that formulates the regulations of the three divisions of the Ministry of Housing, the local department and the Ministry of Salt and Iron, and is presided over by Wang Anshi and Chen Shengzhi, who is familiar with the Privy Council. In this institution, Wang Anshi's recommendation was followed, and a number of new people were employed, such as Cai Que, Lu and Shen Kuo.