From the year when the sandstorm approached Beijing to the continuous reinforcement of the green barrier, the desertification control has undergone historic changes. Since the end of 1990s, the desertification area in China has been expanding at a rate of 3,436 square kilometers per year, and has maintained a net decrease of 10 since 2004, with an average annual decrease of 1.98 square kilometers in the fifth monitoring period.
Ningxia is the only comprehensive demonstration area for sand prevention and control at the provincial level in China. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the total area of desertification control and afforestation was 2,700 square kilometers, and the forest coverage rate increased from 1 1.9% in the 11th Five-Year Plan to the latest 12.63%. It has formed a comprehensive sand control technology system with coordinated development of "vegetation restoration and reconstruction-grassland animal husbandry-water-saving ecological agriculture", which has been praised as "the miracle of sand control in China" by FAO.
In Inner Mongolia, a number of key ecological construction and protection projects, such as the control of sandstorm sources in Beijing and Tianjin, the construction of the "Three North" shelter forest system and the compensation of forest ecological benefits, have been fully implemented. Since 2004, the area of forestry ecological construction has reached 6,700 square kilometers, and grassland construction has reached 26,700 square kilometers.
The desertification area in Shaanxi is 593 square kilometers less than that in 2009, and the average vegetation coverage rate reaches 60%, which is 22 percentage points higher than that in 2009, creating a good ecological condition for the "Belt and Road" construction.
Extended data:
Ecological construction project of desertification control in China;
1 is the steady progress of the "Three North" shelterbelt, the Yangtze River and Pearl River Basin and coastal shelterbelt system construction project.
2. It is the "natural forest protection project" and the project of returning farmland to forests that started in the late 1990s. The first and second phases of the "Natural Forest Protection Project" have been going on for more than ten years. From the late 1990s to 2007, returning farmland to forests stopped, and the second round of returning farmland to forests started again last year.
3. Mobilizing all social forces to participate in forestry ecological construction is voluntary tree planting. So the achievements of this area are really great, especially the plantations. The plantation area in China is nearly 654.38 billion mu, accounting for more than 50% of the world.
Ecological construction and nature protection mainly involve three systems and one diversity, namely, forest ecosystem, wetland ecosystem, desert ecosystem and biodiversity systems such as wildlife and nature reserves.
Forest ecosystem, popularly speaking, is afforestation and ecological engineering construction. Our annual afforestation task is stable at 90 million mu. Afforestation includes artificial afforestation, aerial seeding afforestation and closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation, which relies on natural restoration and artificial promotion to restore ecology. The annual afforestation amount is stable at 90 million mu. Up to now, the national forest area is 3 1 100 million mu, the forest coverage rate is 2 1.63%, and the forest volume is 1.5 1 100 million cubic meters.
Xinhuanet-The Color of Life, Immersed in the Yellow Sand —— Summary of the Effect of National Defense and Sand Control in China
China News Network-Forestry Bureau: China's desertified land is reduced by 249 1 km2 every year.