Here is a brief introduction:
Latin name: Chlorophytum
Alias potherb, Uncaria, Gui Lan, Cucurbita, Zhejiang Helan. Western Europe is also called spider grass or flying grass.
Family belongs to Liliaceae, Chlorophytum.
Species and varieties of chlorophytum in Phnom Penh with golden leaf margins.
Chlorophytum argenteum, with silver-white longitudinal stripes around the main veins of leaves.
Chlorophytum latifolia, with broad linear leaves, whole or slightly wavy. Scapes are extracted from leaves, and after flowering, they form stolons, which can take root and sprout into new plants. The flowering period is spring and summer. Capsule oblate and rhombic.
Chlorophytum is a perennial herb with tufted cylindrical fibrous roots and rhizomes. The leaves are basal, strip-shaped to strip-lanceolate, long and narrow, flexible like blue, 20-45 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, and the top is long and tapering; The base surrounds the stem and is inserted on the short stem. The biggest feature of chlorophytum is that mature plants will grow stems from time to time. The stem is 30-60 cm long, and a small plant will grow at the top. The flower pavilion is slender, longer than leaves and curved; Racemes are solitary or branched, and sometimes 2-8 cm long leaf clusters grow on the upper nodes of inflorescences; Flowers are white, a few in a cluster, scattered on the inflorescence axis. The flowering period is in spring and summer, and it can also bloom indoors in winter. At present, in addition to pure green leaves, there are three horticultural varieties: Chlorophytum macrophyllum, Chlorophytum Jin Xin and Chlorophytum Phnom Penh. The leaves of the first two are green, while the middle of the leaves are yellow and white; On the other hand, Chlorophytum phnom penh has yellow and white stripes on both sides of the edge of green leaves. Among them, chlorophytum macrophyllum is an elegant indoor foliage plant with large plant type, wide leaves and soft leaves color.
Chlorophytum is native to southern Africa and widely cultivated all over the world. Its nature likes warm, humid and semi-cloudy environment. Strong adaptability, drought resistance and cold resistance. It grows better in loose sandy loam, and there is no need to choose soil. The requirements for light are not strict. A ship is suitable for growing in moderate light conditions and is also resistant to weak light. The optimum growth temperature is 15-25℃, and the overwintering temperature is 5℃.
Chlorophytum can be propagated by ramets. It can be carried out in other seasons except that the temperature in winter is too low to be suitable for branching. For plants that have been potted for 2-3 years, when the pots are changed in spring, the dense pot seedlings will be taken out from the old culture soil and divided into two or several clumps, and potted into new plants respectively. Chlorophytum can also be propagated by using small plants on the stems. In the growing season, the small plants on the stems are cut off, planted in culture soil or water, and transplanted into pots after the small plants take root. In addition, seeds can also be used for sowing, but they are generally used less.
Potted chlorophytum is usually mixed with humus or peat soil, garden soil and river sand in equal amount, and a small amount of base fertilizer is added as matrix. Change pots every 2-3 years and prepare the culture soil again. Its fleshy root has developed water storage organization and strong drought resistance, but it needs a lot of water during the peak growth period from March to September, so it should be watered and sprayed frequently to increase humidity. Gradually reduce the amount of watering after autumn to improve the cold resistance of plants. Apply dilute liquid fertilizer twice a month during the vigorous growth period. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer, but it is not suitable to apply too much nitrogen fertilizer to varieties in Jin Xin and Phnom Penh, otherwise the mottling of leaves will become inconspicuous. Chlorophytum likes semi-shady environment. If the light in the place is too strong or insufficient, the leaves will easily turn pale green or yellow-green, lack vitality, lose their ornamental value and even die; If the sunlight is direct and the air is dry, it is most likely to cause the chlorophytum to die, so it should be placed in a cool and ventilated place and pay attention to maintaining the humidity of the environment. Chlorophytum is not prone to pests and diseases, but if there is water in the basin soil and poor ventilation, it will not only lead to root rot, but also cause root rot, so pay attention to spraying drugs.
Chlorophytum is one of the most traditional indoor hanging plants. Its leaves are slender and soft, and there are small plants on the little stems drawn from the axils of the leaves, which droop from the edge of the basin and stretch like flowers, and are evergreen all year round; Combining rigidity and softness, it looks like a crane spreading its wings and jumping, so it was called "Folding Crane Orchid" in ancient times. In short, its special shape constitutes a unique hanging landscape and three-dimensional aesthetic feeling, which can play a unique decorative effect.
Chlorophytum is not only an excellent indoor hanging leaf plant, but also a good indoor air purification flower. Chlorophytum has a strong function of absorbing toxic gases. If a room keeps L-2 pots of chlorophytum, it can completely absorb the toxic gases in the air, so chlorophytum is also called "green purifier".
[Morphological characteristics]
Chlorophytum is an evergreen herb with rhizome and fleshy roots. Basal leaves, width 1-2 cm, length about 30 cm, green. The leaf margin of chlorophytum is white; Chlorophytum in Phnom Penh has a pale yellow leaf edge and a pale yellow stripe in the middle of Chlorophytum in Golden Heart. The pedicel of chlorophytum is slender, beyond the leaves, and the pedicel is curved. 1. There are 1-6 flowers, small and white, 6 perianth in 2 rounds, 6 stamens, and green ovary. The flowering period is from June to August.
[Habitual]
Native to South Africa, I like warm, humid and semi-cool environment. Cold tolerance is poor, and it should grow on fertile sandy soil with good drainage.
[Cultivation techniques]
Propagation: The method of dividing plants is usually adopted. That is, the mother plant was isolated in March and planted separately. You can also cut off the small plants on the wheel in the growing season and plant them directly in the flowerpot with aerial roots.
Management: mainly keep the soil moist, apply dilute liquid fertilizer once every half month, and then grow vigorously. It should be cultivated under a shade shed in summer and in a sheltered greenhouse in winter, and the dead leaves should be removed frequently and the pots should be changed once a year.
[use]
The branches and leaves of chlorophytum are cultivated by creeping, creeping and hanging pots. Hanging a pot in the lobby, window or family room is very lively and charming.
Chlorophytum leaves are beautiful and delicate, and the flowers are graceful. It is often hung as a potted plant for viewing, or hung on the outdoor porch, in front of the window, in the lobby, overhead, or decorated with rocks and cliffs. It is called "the flower in the sky".
Chlorophytum is the best plant to purify indoor air, which has been recognized by scientists. American environmental expert Bill? Warwell has done experiments. He put the chlorophytum in a special plexiglass container to give it a good light, then filled the polluted room with air, and measured the air composition absorbed by the chlorophytum after a period of time. It is found that there is little harmful gas left in the container, and its efficiency almost exceeds that of the air filter.
Experiments show that chlorophytum can absorb and purify all harmful gases in the experimental container within 24 hours. As long as a pot of chlorophytum is put in the bedroom, harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen peroxide emitted by indoor appliances, stoves, plastic products and paints can be absorbed and transported to the roots within one day, and then decomposed into harmless substances by microorganisms in the soil and absorbed as nutrients.
In its own metabolism, chlorophytum can also convert carcinogenic formaldehyde in the air into sugars, amino acids and other substances. Moreover, it can decompose benzene discharged from photocopiers and printers, and can "swallow" nicotine and so on. Therefore, in a room of about 10 square meter, as long as there is a pot of chlorophytum, it is equivalent to installing an air purifier, which is enough to offset the negative effects brought by harmful gases.
Scientists also put pots of chlorophytum in a closed environment like a space shuttle capsule. After 12 hours, the harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide and formaldehyde in the cabin decreased by 85%.
Researchers at Xi 'an Botanical Garden said that in recent years, more and more people chose chlorophytum as a family potted plant, and its pollution absorption ability was recognized by most people.
The hometown of Chlorophytum is in South Africa, and now it is cultivated in open fields or greenhouses all over China. Chlorophytum can't overwinter in Xi 'an, so it must be cultivated indoors at not less than 5℃.
There are many kinds of chlorophytum, belonging to about 200 species. Common cultivated varieties are: pure green chlorophytum, Phnom Penh chlorophytum, silver-edged chlorophytum and so on. These are all horticultural varieties. There are also broad-leaved chlorophytum, short-spike chlorophytum, narrow-leaved chlorophytum, beautiful chlorophytum and so on.
The special shape of Chlorophytum constitutes a unique hanging landscape and three-dimensional aesthetic feeling, which can be called the finishing touch and is one of the most traditional and favorite hanging plants indoors.
There are many kinds of chlorophytum, belonging to about 200 species. Common cultivated varieties are: pure green chlorophytum, Phnom Penh chlorophytum, silver-edged chlorophytum and so on. These are all horticultural varieties. There are also broad-leaved chlorophytum, short-spike chlorophytum, narrow-leaved chlorophytum, beautiful chlorophytum and so on.
The special shape of Chlorophytum constitutes a unique hanging landscape and three-dimensional aesthetic feeling, which can be called the finishing touch and is one of the most traditional and favorite hanging plants indoors.