What was the battle between Sichuan and Shaanxi between Song and Jin Dynasties? How to evaluate this war?
The Battle of Sichuan and Shaanxi1130-1134 (four years from Jianyan in Southern Song Dynasty to Shaoxing, and eight to twelve years from Jintianhui). In the Song-Jin War, Song Jun smashed the key offensive of the Jin Army in Sichuan and Shaanxi. In this campaign, Song Jun fortified according to risks, made full use of geographical advantages, and the army and the people were United, which crushed the key attack of 8 Jin Army on Sichuan and Shaanxi and temporarily consolidated the northwest defense.
Song and Jin duels
After the failure of three large-scale comprehensive attacks on the Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty adopted the strategy of attacking the war with peace and luring rebellion with chaos. Militarily, it changed from an all-round attack to a strategic plan of defending the east and attacking the west, and ordered Wan Yanzong Fu (Wan Yan Wu), the right deputy marshal, to take an army in Luoyang and transfer the main force of 8 Jin Army led by Zong Bi (Wan Yan) to the west in an attempt to concentrate on attacking Sichuan and Shaanxi, controlling the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and creating conditions for bypassing the Southern Song Dynasty along the east.
Under the guidance of this strategy, Jin Jun made many large-scale attacks on Sichuan-Shaanxi area in four years. Shaanxi was a strategic place in the Southern Song Dynasty. Therefore, the Song Dynasty ordered the Privy Council official Zhang Jun and the envoys of Sichuan and Shaanxi to go to Xingyuan (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi) to command the army, adjust the deployment, strengthen the defense, and change the ministers of Lizhou (now Guangyuan, Sichuan) and Chengdu into military commanders.
After Sichuan-Shaanxi military deployment was completed, Song Gaozong attacked Jianghuai in two ways, and sent Zhang Jun to contain 8 Jin Army. This strategic thinking is consistent with Zhang Jun's thinking of turning defensive into offensive. However, the propaganda departments in Sichuan and Shaanxi have considered that sending troops to fight in the plains and wilderness will be beneficial to the 8 Jin Army cavalry, and it is difficult to fight head-on at close combat. They advocate intensive foot soldiers, taking risks according to the soldiers, and then taking advantage of the gap to attack after the 8 Jin Army runs out of food and grass. Zhang Jun refused and dismissed him.
Send troops to recover Chang 'an (now Xi 'an), Yan 'an, Yan 'an (now Fuxian and Yan 'an in Shaanxi) and other states.
Wan Yan, the left deputy marshal of the Jin army (Wan Yanjian defends Han), urgently transferred Zong Bijun from Xijing to join the Loushi Army and went to Xiabang County, Fuping (now Fuping North, Shaanxi). Advice four years in September, Zhang Jun mobilized Xihe to Liu Run, Qin Feng to Run Sun W, Yuan Jing to Yong, Quan Yongxing Army to Run Wu Jun, Celebrate to Zhe and other five-way soldiers with 400,000 troops and 70,000 horses (Monday; 60000 cavalry, infantry1.2000), with Liu Xi as the frontline commander, gathered in Fuping area, where the two sides were deadlocked.
Lou Shi, General Jin, showed a weak and arrogant enemy, which made Liu Xi and his generals slightly paralyzed. There used to be a swamp that was not convenient for Golden Riding activities, but Wu Jun was rejected according to Gao's suggestion to meet the enemy. As a result, the Jin army was defeated (see the battle of Fuping). 8 Jin Jun took advantage of the situation and marched westward, and quickly captured most parts of Shaanxi. Song Jun retreated to Heshangyuan (southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi), Jizhou, Chengzhou (now Wudu, Gansu, southeast of Chengxian) and other places to take advantage of the danger.
After the defeat of Fuping in Song Jun, Wu Jun retreated to Shanyuan, and once again strengthened its defense to stop the 8 Jin Army. In the first year of Shaoxing (1 13 1), in May, Yan in Jinjiang Bay did not stand Fengxiang, but in Ulu, he was reduced to rank and succeeded. He went out to attack Yuan, a monk, and was defeated by Song Jun. In October, Zong Bi led an army of more than 10,000 people. Wu Jun invited the enemy according to the danger, blocked Jin Jun with a strong bow and crossbow, and cooperated with the insurgents. The raiding soldiers attacked its side and cut off its grain transportation route. After three days of fierce fighting, the Jin army was defeated (see the battle between monks and yuan).
In December of the second year of Shaoxing, the rulers passed through Sichuan and Shaanxi, smiling.
In the first month of Shaoxing in the third year, after Jin Jun conquered Jinzhou (now Ankang, Shaanxi Province), he came to Hanzhong and other places. Wu Jun set out from Hechi (now south of Huixian County, Gansu Province) and traveled 300 miles to rescue Raofengguan (now northwest of Shiquan, Shaanxi Province). When the Jin army attacked, the Song army fought fiercely with crossbows, rolling stones and the Jin army for six days and nights, killing many Jin soldiers. Later, due to the rebellion in the criminal court, Jin Jun attacked the north from Zen Xiling and broke Raofeng Pass. Song Jun retreated to Sanquan (now northwest of Ningqiang, Shaanxi) and Xianrenguan (now southeast of Huixian, Gansu). In April, due to the lack of food and grass, barren fields were plundered and epidemics prevailed, and the Jin army led the troops to withdraw from the north (see the battle of Raofengguan).
In December of the third year of Shaoxing, Jin transferred troops to seek Shu again. 8 jin j first attack monk yuan, Wu Jun's brother Wu Lin because of rations, pulling the village soldiers retreating.
In the first month of the fourth year of Shaoxing, Marshal Jinyuan ordered Zongbi, the governor of Shaanxi, to drink, and Liu Kui, the pseudo-Qi general, led 654.38+ 10,000 troops to tackle key problems. Wu Jun defended Guan You with ten thousand people, built Jinping, refused to defend it according to danger, and defeated Jin Jun (see the battle of Xianrenguan). Jin Jun was forced to return to Fengxiang and gave Jia a long-term plan. Wu Jun recovered Fengzhou (now Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province), Qin Zhou (now Tianshui City, Gansu Province) and Longzhou (now northwest of Zhiyang, Shaanxi Province).
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After the failure of three large-scale all-round attacks on the Song Dynasty, the Jin Dynasty attempted to concentrate its forces and make a key attack on Sichuan and Shaanxi. The Song Dynasty adjusted its deployment and strengthened its defense. It took four years to repel the key attack of 8 Jin Army. The battle between Sichuan and Shaanxi was a temporary victory for the Song army and people to unite as enemies, fortify the rivers, win in danger, and win in great numbers.