First, about Gu.
During the years, Boyi helped Dayu to control water, and his son Ruomu was granted the title of Hou. "Shangshu Gong Yu" said: "There is only Xuzhou in Shanghai, Dai and Huai." "Record" said: "If wood is related, it is the beginning of promise, and it is the beginning." "Historical Records of Zhou Benji" said: "Zhao Gong took Duke Zhou as his teacher, invaded Huaiyi in the east, lost the election, and moved his aunt." Zheng Xuan said: "The countries in the Amazon basin are in the north of Huaiyi". "Expanding the Geography" says: "Si (water) [state] program county is three miles north, which is an ancient genus, that is, it is also. Li Yan, Qufu County, Yanzhou is also the land of the country. " The righteous Kuozhi said: "The old city of Bo Gu is 60 miles northeast of Bochang County, Qingzhou."
The above means: Boyi has made great contributions to assisting Dayu in water control. His son Ruomu was sealed in Xu Di from the beginning (Xu Di refers to the East China Sea, Shandong Province and Jianghuai Valley) and was the first leader to rule Huaiyi. Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty said in Historical Records of Zhou Benji: Zhao Gong and Duke Zhou conquered Huaiyi and Yan, which suffered heavy losses, and then moved the monarch of Yan to Qufu, Yanzhou. Zhang Tang Shoujie said in Justice: "Guguoxu, 30 miles north of Procedural County, is the capital of Huaiyi." (Programmed County is now ten miles east of Huaihai, and three miles north of Huaihai is now half the city.) "The Story of Yuhuan in Taiping" (Volume 16) says: "Linhuai County: the land of today's Programmed County is the mouth of water and the crossroads of the north and the south. Chang 'an is divided into four years: procedural land. Kaiyuan Zhong Yi County is here. "
Second, about the address of the ancient capital of Xu.
"Historical Records" justice bracket versicolor: "Daxucheng is three miles north of Sizhou procedural county, and the ancient Xu country is also." "Biography of Historical Records of Xu Yanwang" said: Eighty miles north of Sizhou, there is an ancient Yan. Huaishui is in the south. There is Xubei in the northwest, and the stream flows out, southeast and into the Huaihe River. North 32 miles, Xu Jun was buried. There is a platform for ji zi to hang his sword in Yanling. "
For Daxucheng, "Taiping Universe" contains: "The program county is 30 miles north". "Records of Huaiyin City" records that "the place to see is near Mudun Island to the east of this half city. The ancient capital Xu, that is, the county town near Huai in Han Dynasty, that is, the county town of Xu in Han Dynasty and Xu in early Tang Dynasty ". "Spring and Autumn Annals" records that in the thirty years of Shandong (the first 5 12), "cutting Wu, preventing mountains from water". Destroy Xu, that is.
Third, about Xu Yanwang.
"Historical Records of Qin Benji V" said: "Xu's wife laid an egg when she was pregnant, thinking it was unknown, and abandoned it on the waterfront. Lonely mother has a pale dog, and the abandoned egg is returned to her. She is a child. I was dying when I was born, so I thought it was a name. Imperial secretary listened to, also tube. And the dragon, attack for Xu Jun. After the death of pallor, the horn was born, and Kyubi no Youko became Huanglong. You are either pale or famous. " The tomb of Kucang still stands tall in Daxinzhuang, half the town, outside the western wall of the ancient Xu State. Xu Yanwang was born with hallucinations. Xunzi also recorded that "Non-phase Articles" said: "The shape of Xu Yanwang can be seen."
Xu Yanwang was born in the thirty-sixth year of King Zhao of Zhou (992 BC). Because of Xu Yanwang's good governance, at its peak, it reached 500 miles in the local area, doing righteousness, with six countries in the land and thirty countries in the DPRK. Eighty-five Stories of Dongyi in the Later Han Dynasty Seventy-five: At the time of Kang Wang, Su Shen returned. After Xu Yi took posthumous title, he led Jiuyi to attack Zhou Zong and reached Hexi. King Mu was afraid of his arrogance, but he was a vassal of the East and ordered Xu Yanwang to take charge. According to the Records of Yuanhe Counties and Counties, when I arrived in Zhou Muwang, due to Xu Yanwang's kindness and strong national strength, the number of returnees was increasing and the sphere of influence was expanding. Zhou Muwang was awed by Xu Yanwang's Wade, citing Xu Yanwang's "trespassing" as the king and "exceeding the system" to build the city. "Riding on an eight-horse horse horse, Zaofu was subdued, and Chu took it by surprise and killed the prince. His son moved north to the foot of Wuyuan Mountain in Pengcheng, and the people returned to it, posthumous title' Xushan'. " In the Zhou Dynasty, in order to maintain the relative stability of the slave society, he established his second son, made Wuyuan Dongshan his capital, and continued to manage Xu on the principle of "leading by example". Wuyuan Dongshan changed from Xu to Xu.
Fourth, about hanging the sword platform.
There is an allusion of "Ji Zha hangs a sword" in Historical Records of Wu Taibo Family, which reads: "Ji Zha first made an envoy to the north and crossed Xu County. Xu Jun likes Ji Zha's sword, but he dares to say. Ji Zha knew this very well, but he didn't give it to the country. Back in Xu, Xu Jun was dead, so he untied his sword and tied it to Xu Jun's grave. The attendant said, "Xu Jun is dead. Who will give it to him?" Kiko said, "otherwise. At the beginning, my heart had promised, so why not? Double my heart with death! "
This is the eternal story of hanging sword, and hanging sword platform has become one of the ten scenic spots in Sizhou.
"Sihong Hezhi" says: The sword hanging platform is located on the west bank of Baili River in Dong 'an, Zhou, far from the ancient Xu Zi country, and there is a mound-shaped platform, that is, the sword hanging place of Wu in Xu Jun's tomb. Cosmic Tale: Every time Zhupeishui (now Zhujiahu) in the north of Daxu City rises, it is surrounded by vastness. This place is everywhere, and its name is Guajian Township.
"A Record of Xu Yanwang" Volume 4 Geography Third: (Gu Xucheng) There are Xupi in the northwest, and the water flowing from the stream flows out, while it flows southeast and flows into the Huaihe River. North 32 miles, Xu Jun was buried. There is a platform for ji zi to hang his sword in Yanling.
This statement coincides with the general plan of Sizhou in the 12th year of Kangxi (1673). The location of the sword platform in this map is between Gulinhuai and Yingshanji (Gulinshanji is Yingshan Village, Longji Township, Sihong County). At that time, Gulinhuai and Yingshanji belonged to half of the country. Compared with the current map of Sihong County, it is not only relatively located, but also has the same place name. According to the map of Kangxi period, the location of the sword hanging platform should be near Zhaotan in Banzhen.
Zhaotan is about ten miles southeast of Mudun Island. At the normal water level of Hongze Lake, this beach is about 200 mu above the water level (see Huaiyin City Records).
According to the old people in Mudun Island and Zhaotan, there is an ancient tomb on Zhaotan. When they were young, they often played on the beach. There are many deer on the beach, which are covered with moss. A few decades ago, the No.3 ship of Hongze County brought a Jin Lu from Zhaotan, and there were often lights on the beach.
"A Record of Xu Yanwang" said: "Its (ancient program) has Xupi in the northwest, and the flowing water flows out, while the southeast flows into the Huaihe River." Xubei is the Liu Shan of Stone Village today. Due to years of development, this mountain has disappeared, but it has formed the famous Liushan Lake Scenic Area.
"Water Classic Note" says: Huai River is injected with water to the east and south of Xu County. Water leads northwest and north, evil water flows south, and water is lost. It is stationed in the west and flows to the Huaihe River in the southeast.
According to the Records of Huaiyin City, Lihe Valley is 40 kilometers long and 10 to 15 kilometers wide, and the ground elevation is reduced from 20 meters to 12 meters, from which ancient water flows into the Huaihe River.
There are still Lihe Village and Lihe River in lin huai zhen, Sihong County, and Lihe River is in the lower reaches of Liu Shan (Xubei).
"A Record of Xu Yanwang": "Its (ancient procedure) is thirty-two miles north, where Xu Jun is buried, and there is a platform where ji zi hangs his sword in Yanling." Some say that Xu is in Xuzhuang (Xutai) in Sihong, some say that he is in Taiping Township, and some say that he is in half a city. These statements are all right. Xubei (Liu Shan) is in today's Stone Village, Daxuzhuang (Xutai) is in today's Chengtou Township, Xiangcheng is in today's Taiping Township, and Yingshan is in today's Longji Township, all of which are Sihong County with half a city as the center.
Comparing the map of Kangxi period with the map of Sihong County today, the geographical location and place names are completely relative. (During the Kangxi period, the ancient Linhuai was Hanlinhuai county, and it was also the county seat of Han Xu and the program in the early Tang Dynasty. In today's more than ten miles in Huaidong, it sank in Hongze Lake)
Zhang Shoujie's Historical Records of Justice of the Tang Dynasty quoted the Book of Parentheses as saying: "Xu Jun Temple is in the southwest of Sizhou Program, and Xu Yejun hangs a sword in Yanling."
According to Sihong, which was compiled in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, "The sword hanging platform is located in the west of Zhoudong River, far away from Guxu, and it is the tomb of Xujun, with a sword hanging from it."
Universe: "Zhu Peishui (now Zhujiahu) is in the north of Daxu City. Every time the water rises, there is a vast expanse around, and there is no place here. It is called Guajian Township. "
It is clear that the capital of Guxu is in this half city.
Five, about the tomb owner hanging sword platform
From the Battle of Loulin in 645 BC to the Chu State's attack on Xu in 530 BC (Biography of Ram: In winter and October, the sons went out for a run together. Cut Xu. ) 100 years, Xu Guoxiu raised interest by living, and his national strength has been greatly developed, showing the scene of making the country rich and strong, making the country rich and the people safe. Xu's culture has also reached a highly developed stage. Judging from the unearthed bronzes, there is a sword, a clock and a score of Xu Wangyi. In April of the 14th year of Guangxu (1888), a bronze special product engraved with the words "Xu Wang Yi Chu" was unearthed on the hillside of Qingquancheng, 45 miles west of Gao 'an, Jiangxi. 1979 In April, the neck unearthed in Li Jiacun, Shuikou, Jing 'an, Jiangxi Province, had two flat-headed ears, and the inscription at the bottom was "Xu Wang Yi Chu, choose his auspicious gold, and do his own dishes". It can be seen that Xu Wang Yi was politically stable, economically developed and culturally prosperous during his reign.
In 544 BC, Ji Zi of Yanling visited Lu and passed by Xu, who admired her sword. Judging from the unearthed cultural relics, only Yi is the most, which shows that Yi Chu is a good sword. Inferred from Guo Xu's lineage, Xu Wangyi was Xu Jun in 544 BC.
Xu Shiyun: Xu Yichu and Lu were monarchs in the same period. According to Wu Shuo, in 544 BC, in the first year of King Jing of Zhou and in the twenty-ninth year of Duke Xiang of Lu, he hanged a sword. Shi Jiyun: "Wu came to see me and knew everything." 54 1 year BC was the first year of Lu's prosperity, so Yi Yichu and Lu Xianggong should be monarchs at the same time. When Wu came back from his visit to Jin, Xu Jun was already dead, so it can be seen that the tomb owner who hung the sword platform was one place.
Sixth, the place where Wu destroyed Xu.
It should be half the capital of ancient Xu.
BC 1, BC 68 1, the first year of the Zhou Dynasty, five years, and the thirteenth year of the Duke of Luzhuang, The Biography of the Ram said, "In winter, the guild is in harmony with Ke" and "the allies want the same thing". In order to dominate the Central Plains, and for the common interests of Qilu and Song, they formed an alliance with Ke.
In 668 BC, in the ninth year of King Hui of Zhou and the twenty-sixth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the allied forces of Qi, Lu and Song attacked Xu, and Xu's national strength declined, so he had to move the whole country southward, leave Xiapi (Liangwangcheng) and move back to his old capital-Guxu Half City.
In 645 BC, in the seventh year of King Xiang of Zhou and the twenty-seventh year of King Cheng of Chu, Chu fought against the Central Plains in the north. First of all, we must eliminate the obstacle of competing in the Central Plains-Xu, so we sent troops to attack Xu. In order to leave a buffer zone for the enemy, Qi, Lu, Song and other countries kept the enemy out of the country and joined forces to save Xu.
"Biography of the Ram in the Fifteenth Year of Xi Gong" says: "In the first month of spring, the public is equal. The Chu people attacked Xu. In March, Qi Hou, Song Gong, Chen Hou, Zheng Bo, Cao and other parties will be held in Muqiu, second only to Kuang. Gongsun Ao led the division and the vassal doctor to save Xu. " In the end, because of the failure to save Xu, "the Chu people defeated Xu in Loulin."
In 530 BC, in the fifteenth year of King Jing of Zhou and the eleventh year of King Ling of Chu besieged the city, Chu attacked Xu in a big way, with the purpose of "Wang attacked Xu and feared Wu".
In 526 BC, in the nineteenth and twenty-second years of King Jing of Zhou, Qi became powerful. Xu Jun refused to accept the tax levied on the eastern vassals, so he used Tian Kaijiang as a general, and the handsome division cut Xu. Xu Huishi was in Pu Tunnel (now Beipu Gupi, Suining County), winning together. Xu Jiang won more than 500 soldiers. Xu Jun was afraid and sent messengers to make peace with Qi. Qi Hounai made an appointment with Tan Zi and Ju Zi, and made an alliance with Xu Jun in Pu Tunnel. Xu Jun dedicated his father's tripod (ancient place name, in present-day Shandong) to the State of Qi to quell the war.
In 5 12 BC, He Lv, the king of Wu, personally led Wu Zixu and destroyed Xu, and Xu's last monarch advocated Yu's defection to Chu and Xu's destruction.
2. There is evidence that Zhangzi hangs on the sword platform (that is, the tomb of Xu Wangyi). In 544 BC, Ji Zi hanged a sword, and in 5 12 BC, Wu destroyed Xu. During these 32 years, the capital of ancient Xu has not moved, so the place where Wu destroyed Xu should be half of that of ancient Xu.
3. The Book of Songs Daya Changwu records that "lead Huaipu to save this place", which means to save the land of Xu along the bank of Huaishui. The book of songs covers the period from BC 165438 to the 6th century BC. This also proves that Xu people had been active near Huaishui before the 6th century BC.
4. In the Thirty Years of the Spring and Autumn Period, raise Zhong Wuzi, then cut Xu, stop the mountain from using water, and then destroy Xu. Running to Chu, Chu saved Xu Hefu, and the city was destroyed.
5. More than 2000 years ago, the kingdom of Guxu was flat, with hundreds of miles of fertile land and an altitude of only 2-4 meters. As long as the Huaihe River is blocked, the Huaihe River will go straight to Guxu, and in a short time, Guxu will become Wang Yang. Therefore, Wu Zixu, a Wu strategist, and attacking Xu with water are just a matter of military common sense. In the Qing Dynasty, Gu thought that "mountain management" should be the Huaihe River. In the Qing Dynasty, Tao thought: "Today, on the bank of Huainan, the steep mountain forced the city to go downhill. It can be waterproof, from the southeast to the northeast of the city. The dike is continuous and the terrain is high, which seems to be a mountain-proof relic. "
6. According to the Spring and Autumn Map, the ancient kingdom of Xu is on the west bank of Hongze Lake, and now it is a half-city area.
7. According to Wu's road map for sending troops, it also conforms to the terrain, topography and location of "preventing mountains from flooding".
Seven, sum up.
1. Half city, known as Xuzhou in ancient times, is the capital city of Xu.
2. Bancheng, called Xu in ancient times, is the birthplace.
Bancheng, known as Xuzhou in ancient times, is the birthplace.
4. Half the town, called Xuzhou in ancient times, is the place where the sword platform is hung in Yanling.
5. Banzhen, called Xu Guo in ancient times, is the location of the tomb of Xu Wangyi, the owner of the hanging sword platform.
6. Half the town, the ancient Xu State, was the place where Xu was allowed to die for the last time.