The Central Committee once thought about the candidate for the secretary of the Anhui Provincial Party Committee. At a meeting, Chairman Mao said with confidence:
Chairman Mao's suggestion was approved by the participants. Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De said with one voice:
Soon, Ceng Xisheng officially went to Anhui as the party secretary.
Before Ceng Xisheng went to Anhui, Anhui Province was a province with frequent natural disasters. Due to the backward production level, people's life is very difficult. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Anhui Province has been called "the land of beggars". This name was not imposed by outsiders, but was sung by local people themselves.
Anhui is located in the middle reaches of Huaihe River, which has been called "evil river" in the past history. The once-in-two or three-year flood has almost formed an irresistible natural law in the local area, so that there is a saying among the people:
For the older generation of Anhui people, the flood is the most unforgettable memory. Every time the flood comes, countless people and animals are flooded and the farmland on both sides is harvested. The victims who have no food to eat have to go far away to beg along the street.
Ceng Xisheng led the revolution in Anhui during the war years, and he was no stranger to the environment there. In Ceng Xisheng's mind, he has always had a wish to completely eradicate the Huaihe River floods and make Anhui a land of plenty.
Ceng Xisheng is a native of Xingning, Hunan Province, and his family background is scholarly. It is worth mentioning that Ceng Xisheng's brother Ceng Zhongsheng was once a senior general of the Red Fourth Front Army. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/920, Ceng Xisheng was admitted to Hunan No.3 Normal University, and took an active part in the student movement during his school days. 1925 was admitted to Huangpu Phase IV to participate in the Northern Expedition.
Ceng Xisheng joined the Chinese Communist Youth League on 1922 and China on 1927.
It is worth mentioning that when Ceng Xisheng participated in China, the cooperation between Kuomintang and Communist Party broke down for the first time. During the failure of the Great Revolution, Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup in Shanghai on April 12th, and Wang Jingwei launched a counter-revolutionary coup in Wuhan on July 15th. Many * * * members and revolutionary masses were killed one after another. Ceng Xisheng's choice to join China at this time undoubtedly shows his firm revolutionary will.
After the failure of the Great Revolution, Ceng Xisheng served as a soldier in Fan Zhongxiu and Liu Zhennian.
/kloc-in the winter of 0/930, Ceng Xisheng was transferred to the reconnaissance section chief of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China (CPC), responsible for radio reconnaissance and liaison. At that time, the radio talents of party organizations were very scarce. In order to enrich talents, Ceng Xisheng held our party's earliest underground radio technology training class in the French Concession. In order to hide people's eyes and ears, Ceng Xisheng also specially made a brand of "Welfare Electric Company".
Although only two months later, this radio technology training course was destroyed by the enemy and most of the trainees were arrested, the CPC Central Committee affirmed Ceng Xisheng's contribution. At that time, Ceng Xisheng also got in touch with Li Minghao, commander of the Sixth Army of the Kuomintang Army, and obtained a lot of useful information, even a military map.
Zhou Enlai also praised Ceng Xisheng:
After the mutiny, Gu disguised himself as a company employee, came to the Soviet area in western Fujian, and met Mao Zedong at the headquarters of the Red Army in Ningdu.
As soon as we met, Mao Zedong laughed and teased:
Mao Zedong's words made Zeng Xisheng confused. Where did he know that Mr. Xian, as Chairman Mao said, was the scientific name of Deng Xiaoping. After Chairman Mao explained to him with a smile, Ceng Xisheng said modestly:
Burst into laughter.
After Ceng Xisheng arrived in the Central Soviet Area, he first served as the Minister of Investigation Department of the Red Army General Command. At that time, the Central Military Commission was implementing the establishment of subordinate departments of the General Staff Department, the General Political Department and the General Health Department. Considering that Ceng Xisheng is engaged in intelligence investigation in Shanghai, he decided to transfer Ceng Xisheng to the Second Bureau of the Central Military Commission under the General Staff. Replace Guo Huaruo as the director of the Second Bureau.
At that time, there were three bureaus under the General Staff Department and a supply department, which was renamed from the original department. The three bureaus are in charge of operations, intelligence and communication respectively, which are called one bureau, two bureaus and three bureaus in turn. Zeng Xisheng is in charge of intelligence work. Among them, Qian Zhuangfei, the famous three outstanding figures in Longtan, was Ceng Xisheng's deputy.
After Ceng Xisheng served as the director of the Second Bureau, he was mainly responsible for the information work based on radio detection.
At that time, there was a shortage of radio talents in the Red Army. Considering the importance of radio detection information in the war, Ceng Xisheng suggested to the Central Committee to establish a radio school. With the approval of the central government, a radio school was opened in Ruijin, which trained a large number of radio talents for the party and the army.
Ceng Xisheng led the Second Bureau to decipher the intelligence of the Kuomintang army many times, which saved the life of the Red Army.
1934 65438+At the beginning of February, the Central Red Army crossed the river at the border of Hunan and Guangxi, and planned to go to Xiangxi to meet the 26th Army Corps. It was the Second Bureau led by Ceng Xisheng that timely deciphered the information gathered by the Kuomintang troops in western Hunan and southern Hunan. Chairman Mao decided not to go to Xiangxi and March into Guizhou, where the enemy's strength was weak.
After the Red Army crossed Chishui four times and skillfully crossed the Jinsha River, Chairman Mao used his troops like a god and got rid of the enemy's pursuers. In this process, he relied so much on the information deciphered by Ceng Xisheng that even the Kuomintang army was puzzled. Some people even think:
In order to let the Second Bureau fully understand the strategic layout of the Central Committee, Chairman Mao made special instructions:
Later, Chairman Mao spoke highly of the work of the Second Bureau led by Ceng Xisheng:
Then, how did Ceng Xisheng, known as the "father of red rules", be sent to Anhui by Chairman Mao after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC)?
In fact, in 1940, Ceng Xisheng came to Anhui. 194 1 after the southern Anhui incident, Ceng Xisheng was ordered by the party organization to lead the local guerrilla forces in Wuwei county, Anhui province to join the New Fourth Army.
After the Party Central Committee decided to rebuild the New Fourth Army, it decided to form the Seventh Division of the New Fourth Army with guerrillas active in Wanjiang area, with Zhang Dingcheng as the division commander and Ceng Xisheng as the political commissar. However, in fact, Zhang Dingcheng has not arrived yet, and Ceng Xisheng can be said to be the commander and political commissar. Although it was called a division, at that time, the Seventh Division of the New Fourth Army had only one 19th Brigade and an independent regiment, and the whole division had only 1.900 people. But by the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the Seventh Division had grown to more than 20,000 people, and the local armed forces had more than 7 100 people.
Among the divisions of the New Fourth Army, the Seventh Division is not famous for its strong fighting capacity. Although there were small-scale battles with the enemy and puppet troops, there was no big war.
Under the leadership of Ceng Xisheng, the Seventh Division insisted on covert development, and the main force leapt into Huaixi and Edong to establish base areas, and the internal guerrillas were smashed into pieces. After Ceng Xisheng opened the anti-Japanese base area in Wanjiang, he led the army and civilians in the base area to carry out production, won a large number of businessmen sympathetic to our party's New Fourth Army to do intermediary business in Chongqing, the home front and Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and also sent the main force to set up checkpoints along the Yangtze River to levy taxes on merchant ships. It also started a business of exchanging food and salt with enemy-occupied areas for weapons, so that by the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the enemy did not dare to invade the Wanjiang revolutionary base area at will.
The Seventh Division not only sent enough by itself, but also delivered supplies to the whole army of the New Fourth Army. From 1942 to 1945, the seventh division delivered more than 53 million yuan in cash to the fifth division. At that time, the monthly allowance for each soldier in the Seventh Division of the New Fourth Army was 10 yuan, ranking first in the whole army, so the Seventh Division was always "rich in seven"
1March, 949, Ceng Xisheng was transferred to the post of secretary of the Northern Anhui District Committee of the Third Field Army (provincial level) and commander and political commissar of the Northern Anhui Military Region.
If you don't leave the army, with Ceng Xisheng's meritorious service, you can get the rank when you were awarded the title at 1955.
Ceng Xisheng has been in Anhui since the middle of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and he has a deep understanding of the local people's livelihood.
In the history of more than 700 years, the Huaihe River flooded all the year round, which originated from the capture of the Huaihe River in the fifth year of the Song Dynasty (1 194), resulting in the complete destruction of the Huaihe River system. Taking the Huaihe River as the estuary, the riverbed of the Huaihe River has been enlarged year by year due to a large amount of sediment washed down from the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and the area where the Huaihe River flows has become the hardest hit area of the Yellow River flood.
193 1 the great flood in the Huaihe river basin flooded more than 20 counties in northern Anhui, causing every household in northern Anhui to become beggars. 1938, in order to prevent the Japanese from attacking Wuhan, the Kuomintang authorities headed by Chiang Kai-shek ordered the opening of Huayuankou. Although it bought time to defend Wuhan, the flood also flooded 40% areas in Henan, northern Anhui and northern Jiangsu.
By the time New China was founded, the Huaihe River had become the most difficult river to control.
1In August, 949, the banks of Huaihe River suffered serious floods. /kloc-in the summer of 0/950, the Huaihe River flood broke out again, flooding more than 20 counties in Huaibei and 7 counties in Huainan. 9.9 million people were affected by natural disasters and had nowhere to eat and wear.
Although the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China quickly established the East China Flood Control Headquarters and mobilized a large number of materials to help the disaster-stricken areas, it took less than half a month for Chairman Mao to send an urgent telegram on the console table in northern Anhui, which said:
Chairman Mao, who has always regarded ordinary people as his life, couldn't help crying after reading the telegram in the report. He said to his secretary Tian Jiaying:
Ceng Xisheng is well aware of the severe situation of Huaihe River flood. As early as June 1949, Ceng Xisheng reported to the Central Committee that Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces should jointly control the Huaihe River. But at that time, the new China had not been established, and the Huaihe River had been flooded for hundreds of years, which could not be solved overnight. Therefore, the matter was put on hold for the time being.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chairman Mao of the CPC Central Committee made up his mind to control the Huaihe River, and the Huaihe River flooded again the following year. Ceng Xisheng was heartbroken and called the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 1950, and once again put forward the idea of radical treatment of Huaihe River, which was responded by the central authorities. Ceng Xisheng was appointed as the deputy director of Huaihe River Governance Committee.
Before Ceng Xisheng became secretary of Anhui Provincial Party Committee, although some achievements were made in harnessing Huaihe River, the diseases accumulated for hundreds of years could not be eliminated overnight, and Anhui still faced a very severe situation.
Ceng Xisheng was nominated by the CPC Central Committee for a temporary post in Anhui, which also placed high hopes on him. He thinks that he has a lot of experience in local governance during his stay in northern Anhui, which will definitely improve the local agricultural situation.
After Zeng Xisheng took office, he made a detailed investigation on astronomy, geography, humanities, water conditions and agriculture in Anhui. He thought:
Anhui itself is a big agricultural province. To develop agriculture, we must start with water conservancy projects, and the key to water control in Anhui lies in the management of Huaihe River.
195265438+10, the Foziling Reservoir designed by Huaihe River Regulation Committee officially started to break ground. Under the care of Ceng Xisheng, after two years 10 months, Foziling Reservoir has officially become an important part of Huaihe River regulation project, which has stopped a large number of floods in Weihe River and played a prominent role in irrigation on both sides of Weihe River.
From 65438 to 0953, according to the actual situation in Anhui, Ceng Xisheng put forward the method of "replanting to avoid disasters", changing the harvest ratio in summer and autumn, expanding the summer planting area, and replanting high-yield crops and water-resistant crops.
In just a few years, the flood situation in Anhui has been fundamentally improved.
However, in the summer of 1954, due to the abnormal atmospheric circulation, the rain belt stagnated in the Yangtze River basin and did not dissipate for several months. Since the rain in May, it has not stopped in July, but the flood control pressure in the upper reaches of the Pi River, Huaibei, Wangjiaba and Zhengyangguan has increased greatly. Although various water conservancy projects have been built in Anhui since the founding of the People's Republic of China,
During the flood, Zeng Xisheng has been in the front line of disaster prevention, patrolling around the clock.
One day, Ceng Xisheng heard that the water level in the center of Wuhu had passed the second floor, and immediately became worried. He took a boat to Wuhu Municipal Committee, listened to the report of the relevant members of the Municipal Committee, and prepared to rush to Anqing non-stop.
After arriving in Anqing, Ceng Xisheng forgot to rest and immediately went to the first-line levee to direct the workers to speed up the berm. At this moment, the news came that the water level of the Huaihe River was in an emergency, and Ceng Xisheng, regardless of his own safety, drove a battery car to the front line of the Huaihe River to watch the monstrous and turbid waves. Ceng Xisheng immediately contacted the relevant departments and rushed to the disaster area, ready to personally go to the front line to direct flood control and disaster relief.
But it will take some time to get to the front and transfer the spacecraft. Since the flood, Ceng Xisheng has not had a good rest for two or three days, waiting for ships to reach the gap. Ceng Xisheng's eyelids could not help but fight. The staff around him saw that he was sleepy and advised him to have a rest first. Considering that the ship will come for a while, Ceng Xisheng decided to have a rest. Before going to bed, Ceng Xisheng repeatedly told the people around him:
About half an hour later, the boat came, and the secretary was about to call, but a staff member quickly stopped it.
Just after the group left by boat, Ceng Xisheng woke up. When he learned that the ship had arrived and the staff didn't wake him up, he was very angry at once:
Tired, Ceng Xisheng got up and went to the front. He not only learned about the disaster from people around him, but also personally visited the front line.
When it was learned that there were still 200,000 people crowded in Luo Ming Mountain, and there was no food for two days, Ceng Xisheng, who was in a hurry, immediately contacted the central authorities and requested to send planes to airdrop relief supplies. On the crowded victims mountain in Luo Ming, a pregnant woman gave birth to her baby safely and smoothly. People say:
Through the governance of Ceng Xisheng, Anhui's agricultural situation has been greatly improved. 1955, Anhui's grain output reached a record high, reaching115.29 million tons, 2.584 million tons higher than the national plan. In addition, since 1955, Ceng Xisheng has successively moved more than 100 enterprises and factories from Shanghai to Anhui. Ceng Xisheng not only devotes itself to developing local resources, but also actively introduces factories and enterprises, laying the foundation for Anhui's all-round development.
Even Chairman Mao praised:
1960 10, there was a famine in Shandong province, and the central government specially appointed Ceng Xisheng as the first secretary of Shandong province and political commissar of jinan military area command to reverse the difficult situation in Shandong.
196 1 In February, Ceng Xisheng convened a meeting of the secretaries of municipal committees of various provinces and cities in Bengbu, and put forward the idea of reforming the agricultural production system that had been brewing for a long time.
Looking at two bowls of radish, two bowls of cabbage, two small saucers of sauerkraut and three grains of rice on the dining table at the meeting, Ceng Xisheng said sadly:
For more than ten years, Ceng Xisheng has played a very important role in Anhui's economic construction, and Anhui's agricultural production has set a new record for many times. Ceng Xisheng initiated China's agricultural reform in Anhui, which provided a new direction for China's agricultural development. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the "responsibility field" proposed by Ceng Xisheng has been further developed, and the household contract responsibility system has been promoted, so that the vast rural areas no longer have to worry about eating, and they have completely embarked on the road of prosperity.