According to "Historical Records", the three characteristics of Qinzhi Road are: "steep mountains and straight valleys". If it is developed into a tourist route, it will be more obvious and reproduce the original appearance of history. At the same time, the historical and cultural value of Qin Zhi Road is unique. The road to Qin Dynasty has the historical and cultural routes of farming in the Central Plains since Qin and Han Dynasties, as well as the historical and cultural routes of nomadic Huns, which has great tourism potential. The content, level and uniqueness of Qin Zhidao site determine its value as a cultural industry brand. In this respect, the way of Qin is irreplaceable. Qin Daoism culture is not only a cultural form, but also a resource.
Some researchers say that only when culture is rooted in the market can it develop continuously and glow with vitality. What is the protection planning and future development space of Qinzhi Island? Therefore, Dr. Dai Jian, executive vice president of the School of Architecture and Urban Planning of Beijing University of Technology, believes that the development and utilization of the cultural value of Qin Zhi Road must be far away from the original site of Qin Zhi Road. The occurrence, growth and accumulation of ancient civilization, as well as the witness of major historical moments and events, contributed to the influence of culture. It is necessary to ensure the protection of the site and promote the development of the cultural industry, so that the two can go hand in hand and promote each other as an organic whole, so that protection and development can finally achieve a reasonable combination. The starting point of the way of Qin Dynasty-Ganquan Palace was Ganquan Mountain in Yunyang County in Qin and Han Dynasties, which was named after the sweet spring water. Guang Lin Palace in Qin Dynasty and Ganquan Palace in Han Dynasty were the summer resorts of emperors in Qin and Han Dynasties. Every summer and autumn, the kings of Qin and Han dynasties often went to Ganquan Palace for summer vacation to deal with military and political affairs, making Ganquan Palace another political and military center in Kyoto besides Xianyang (Qin) and Chang 'an (Han). Therefore, since the establishment of Shang Jun in the thirty-fifth year of Qin Zhao Haoqi (272 BC), there has been a passage from Ganquan Palace to the north along the meridian ridge, connecting Kyoto and counties.
The reason why the straight road in Qin and Han dynasties runs on Ziwuling is closely related to its mountain structure and soil quality. The main vein and many branches of Ziwuling, like palms and fingers, run vertically in the north-south direction on the northern Shaanxi Plateau, with the characteristics of continuous and generally parallel main vein and branches, flat mountain and weathered fossil structure, which has prepared good conditions for route selection and road construction.
Guganquan Mountain is now called Huayiyu. About 7 kilometers to the south of Huayiyi (□ = Mountain+Quiet), there is a village of Liang Wudi (Liang). Bricks and tiles were everywhere in Qin and Han Dynasties, and Miyagi ruins were found. There are two tall earth platforms in the site. The residual height of Dongtutai is16m, and the bottom circumference is 225m, so it is called "Wangmutai". The residual height of the west soil platform is15m, and the bottom circumference is 200m, which is called "pile cap". There is a slightly lower platform in the northeast of Wang Mu Platform, which is called Maliang Platform. It is recorded in the Map of Saint Fu Huang and Han Shu that the Tian Tong platform was built in Ganquan, and its water bearing platform may be the remains of Tian Tong platform or Tongling platform. There is a stone drum with a height over 1 m under the watchtower. Next to the stone drum, there is a simple stone carving of the Han Dynasty, which looks like a "lying pig" and a "lying cow". People think that these tall earthen platforms are places where troops swear to sacrifice before going out to war.
Qin Zhi Road leaves the north gate of Ganquan Palace, passes through a gentle slope on the east side of Yinglie Mountain, reaches Huayi □ (□ = Mountain+Bi), and climbs Wangnan of Liangwang. The straight trend is still clearly visible. Because Ganquan Mountain is about 500 meters higher than Ganquan Miyagi, the rain from Ganquan Mountain flows into the south side of Qin Zhi Road subgrade all the year round, resulting in this straight subgrade being washed into a deep ditch with a residual width of about 20 meters.
Go straight from Yinglie Mountain to the north, cross the manger beam, go to the west side of Haohuayi □ (□ = Mountain+You) for dozens of meters, and then turn a big bend to the northeast to the gate of hell behind Haohuayi □ (□ = Mountain+You). That is, the straight road is folded from the side of Ganquan Mountain. The gate of hell used to be a hill, which went straight into the trough. To the north of the gate of hell is Artemisia Bay, a ridge with a residual width of more than 30 meters. Not far from the northbound direction of Haowan, it is the long gentle slope next to it, called "Niufeipo". To the north, through the scorpion palm to Qilichuan in Xunyi County, down to the bottom of the slope.
Xunyi county scorpion palm is opposite to Miaogoukou on the south side of Shimenguan in Xunyi county (formerly Changyi county). After crossing Qilichuan, go north along the gentle slope of Miaogou, about 4 kilometers to Shimenguan. Shimenguan is a natural cliff mouth, and the east and west cliffs stand on the wall, as high as one or two hundred meters. There are two natural arched stone gates under the west cliff, which may be related to the name of the stone gate. Shimenkou is more than 200 meters wide and goes straight to Shimen to the north.
From the west side of Shimenguan to the north along the main line of Ziwuling, it passes through Nianziyuan, Woniushi and Dadian to Malan River (also known as Sanshui River). This section of the mountain is collectively called "Maple Beam" (also known as Maple Beam). Xia Fengliang crossed Malan River and Yangjia Hutongliang to Liujiadianzi Forest Farm in Zhengning County, Gansu Province. A few miles to the west of Liujiadianzi, there is an ancient monument called "Two Daughters' Tomb". According to Gan Long's "Gouyi County Records", Fu Su, the eldest son of Qin Shihuang, died in battle and was buried here when he went to visit the army in Meng Tian, Shang Jun. Up to now, the tomb is tall, and Qin and Han bricks can be seen everywhere around the tomb.
Liujiadianzi is located in the main ridge of Qinling Mountains, reaching Heima (Ma) Bay in the north. The straight ruins are more than 30 meters wide. Further north to Diaolingguan, the gap is 30-40 meters wide. On the ridge 65,438+0,600-2,000 meters south of Diaolingguan, the local people called it "40-acre terraced field". In 65,438+0,986, a large site of the Qin Dynasty military station was discovered, which has been named as the site of the No.1 military station of the Qin Dynasty [65,438+0].
From Diaolingguan northbound to huangling county Haodian.
The names of Diaolingguan, Artemisia argyi, Wulidun and Juyuanguan, which run from the north of Zhidao to Juyuanguan, are all located in the main ridge of Ziwuling, and the straight roadbed is 30 to 40 meters wide. Kangxi's Record of Zhangzhou records that this road was still in use during the Qing Dynasty. Gan Long's "Zhengning County Records" records: "This road-to the right place, renovation will inevitably lead to rutting. In the Ming Dynasty, merchants passed this trade because it could reach Yin Xia directly. Today, the pond is deserted, and the road is turned into a scorpion. "
From Ziwuling to Juyuanguan, there is a fork in the road in the northeast, named "Wu Yanling", also known as "Gudaoling". The straight road bends northeast from Gudaoling. According to Chen Yaobang, a cadre of Fuxian Cultural Center, there was a place called "Baimagang" about 3 miles down the mountain on the west side of Huaishuzhuang, north of Gudaoling. The inscription "Preface to the Renovation of Hong Shi Temple" established during Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty is also called "West to Baimagang". Baima Post, a place name handed down from ancient times, is probably a post station between Juyuanguan and Lu Zhi County (now Zhiluo Town, Fu County) in Han Dynasty. "Lu Zhi County" in the Han Dynasty is located on the east side of the main vein of Ziwuling, indicating that the county government named after its proximity to the straight road will not be too far away from the straight road. In other words, from the straight road to Juyuanguan, follow the northeast branch road and enter the western border of Haozhou.
From Juyuanguan to the north along the west side of Ziwuling, there is also an ancient road, which is the straight road recognized by the former view. The latter view holds that the ancient road subgrade on the west side of Ziwuling is very narrow, and there are many relics in the Song Dynasty, which should be a military passage built in the long-term struggle between the Northern Song Dynasty and Xixia. According to the survey, the straight subgrade on the east side of Ziwuling is generally 30-40m wide, which is 1-3 times wider than that on the west side of Ziwuling. Therefore, the author agrees with the judgment of the latter viewpoint. The straight road goes north along some branches on the east side of Ziwuling, instead of going around a big bend from the west side of Ziwuling via Wuqi and Dingbian.
The well-preserved Zhidao site in Fuxian County records in the Qing Dynasty Kangxi's Zhangzhou Annals: "There are saints in the west of Zhangzhou for more than a hundred miles." The ancients called the emperor a "saint" and the ethnic minorities called him a "article". The "sage chapter" is the road built and used by the emperor. Therefore, the editor of A Record of Zhangzhou "suspected (enlightened)" in the annotation.
From the upper beam of Baimayi on the west side of Huaishuzhuang in Fuxian County, there are many gully-shaped gaps (passes), which are cut like axes and the route is very clear. After Shangliang went north, it passed Baijiadian, barley straw, Lu Mao Ping, Mahuanggou, Houshangyuan (courtyard), Dangjiaqu, Shuimoping and Bagua Temple for more than a hundred miles. There are many "straight road" subgrade relics, all of which are 30 meters to 50 meters wide and magnificent in scale.
In Barley Straw Village, Zhangjiawan Township, Fuxian County, when Zhou Zai 1958 took soil from the linear subgrade, he dug up an ancient shovel with a residual weight of 8 kg, but unfortunately it was sold as "scrap iron". He, a villager in this village, also dug up a square brick of Qin and Han Dynasties with a length of 35cm× 35cm× 5cm by the straight road, which is still collected at home. According to Zhang Decai, the former head of Zhangjiawan Township, an ancient bronze pot was unearthed in the village a few years ago, which seems to be a military pot in the Qin and Han Dynasties.
On the mountain near the grasshopper ditch, there is a pass (a trough-shaped road dug by a straight beam, with a total width of about 50 meters), which is opposite to several passes on the road beam, making it a wonder.
The best-preserved straight road remains are the subgrade from Houshangyuan (Courtyard) to Wang Huo Building in Zhangjiawan Township. This mountain is called "Cheluliang". Lanyi Highway175km is about 8km from Wulipushan to Wanghuolou, and the remaining width of subgrade is between 30m and 45m. The width of several lanes is about 50 meters. The road near Wanghuolou is about 60 meters wide, which may be the location of the post office. There is no big tree in this 8-kilometer section, only 20 cm tall thatch and mugwort. The subgrade is wide and flat, linear, with large radius of curvature, and the maximum slope is below 10%. With a slight improvement in the mountain, the car can pass. Wanghuolou is downhill to the north, with the same width, but many roadbed are washed away by mountains and rivers.
From Wang Huo Building to Shuimoping and Bagua Temple, Cao Lan, deputy director of huangling county Cultural Bureau, visited the "straight road" section in the early 1960s. He said: there are very few people in the dozens of miles on both sides of this straight road, and the roadbed has been preserved. There is a temple near Shuimoping called "Wang Chang Temple", and its location is called Monk's Courtyard. According to the inscription in the Northern Song Dynasty, in the fourth year of Tang Wude (62 1), Li Shimin, king of Qin, was ordered to lead his troops north along a straight road. When passing through Wang Chang Temple in Zhiluo County (Hanzhilu County), I went to the temple to burn incense and seek medicine due to illness. It shows that the straight road can still be used in the early Tang Dynasty, which is called "Holy Road".
Cao Lan also said that there is a "Chopping Village" near the Bagua Temple. Up to now, there are still many small stone tablets exposed on the ground, and the inscriptions are blurred by the wind and rain. However, the words "punishment", "death" and "tomb" can also be seen in the burial part. According to the local people, this is the place where some soldiers and migrant workers who tried to escape were beheaded when they were building a straight road. When buried, pick a stone at random, carve my name and the punishment I have committed, and stand in front of the grave.
The "Masheng Bridge" on the Luohe River in Ganquan County branches northeast from the Bagua Temple in Fuxian County along Ziwuling to the pier beam at the junction of Fuxian County, Zhidan County and Ganquan County. From Dunliang to the north, to Xunhangpu, Zhaojiapan and Wanxue, from the mountain sedan chair down to Anjiagou Village, across the "Masheng Bridge" in Luohe, to Fangjiahe Village in Qiaozhen Township, Ganquan County. Luohe river bed is very wide, and it is a big river crossing a straight road, so it needs to build a bridge. The bridge has been destroyed, but the "approach bridge" on the north side of the Luohe River is still there. The approach bridge is more than 20 meters above the ground, and the rammed soil layer is clearly visible, with a thickness of 10 cm to 12 cm. The remaining width of the bridge approach surface is more than 30 meters, which is similar to the straight subgrade on the mountain ridge. The south side of Luohe River is flat, and the approach bridge has been washed away. But standing on the approach bridge on the north side of the Luohe River, you can see the direction of the "straight road" on the mountain ridge on the south side of the Luohe River, like a python coming straight to the approach bridge, and you can determine the position of the "Aso Bridge" on the Luohe River at a glance. This bridge is called "Aso", which refers to Qin Shihuang's chariots and horses.
According to the draft of cultural relics in Ganquan County, Zhang Yu, a villager from Fangjiahe, dug up an iron rammer when he was cultivating land near the approach bridge of Shengmaqiao in the spring of 1947. Its bottom is thick and round, with a height of 23 cm and a diameter of 33 cm. It has a perforated handle on it, which should have been used to tamp the approach bridge at that time.
From the approach bridge to the mountain, the straight subgrade has become farmland, but through the wall cutting on the side of "cutting the mountain", the trend, subgrade width, slope and curvature of the straight subgrade can be clearly seen. The remaining width of subgrade is 30 to 45 meters, the slope is 7%, and the turning radius is not less than 40 meters. The route is north-south, pointing to "Antiao Forest Farm" in Zhidan County.
The "Sage" in Zhidan County is near the junction of Ganquan County and Zhidan County, and the "Yunshan Temple" was built in the Ming Dynasty. Inside the temple-the stone tablet "The Story of Yunshan Temple" says that there are "saints in the east" in Yunshan Temple. Both the Annals of Baoan County and Zhangzhou County recorded the "sage's notes" about 70 miles east of Baoan County (now Zhidan County). According to "Qingyang County Records", "The way of Qin is commonly known as Shengwen. Qin Wei was consecrated by the son of heaven, hence the name. " Because Sage Tiao runs through the eastern border of Zhidan County, villages named after Tiao abound along the way. Antiao, Yangtiao, Liyao, Hezi, Zhoutiao, Wicker, Xinshengtiao and Jiaonitiao are all residential areas along the straight road.
Between Antiao Forest Farm and Tumen, there are many subgrade remains. The straight subgrade of cowshed lattice (soil+artificial) is 40 meters wide, and the residual subgrade in Caopan area is 30 meters wide. Tumen, 35km east of Zhidan County, is a pass, and its east and west cliff walls are 50m wide, which is equal to the pass on Cheluliang in Fuxian County. When it is known that the standard width of a straight road is 50 meters.
"Sage Strip" runs from Tumen to the north, passing through Xinjiaoxian, Dazhuangke, Baiyang Bay, Garden Temple and other places to Xinshengtiao, and the roadbed is 45 meters wide. Further north, the residual width of the roadbed of Li tiao, He tiao, Zhou tiao and Liu tiao exceeds 30 meters. Further north, Tian Maochun, a township civil affairs officer, took out a bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty with a diameter of 14.4 cm, saying that it was dug up in front of the village by villager Hou Shengquan when he was building a simple road at 1983. According to the cultural relics management department, there are many Qin Banliang coins, Hanwu coins and Han bronze mirrors unearthed along the straight road, all of which were left by soldiers who went in and out of the straight road during the Qin and Han Dynasties.
After arriving in Houshi Township, the "Sage" turned to the northeast and passed through the territory of Ansai County such as Jiaoni, Liu Bian and Luchuan. There are also obvious traces of ancient roads in the sickle bay area of Ansai county.
According to the records of reading history books, the mountain ridge where the "sage's chapter" in Zhidan County passes is called "Artemisia ridge", which is another name for Ziwuling. Therefore, Qin Zhi Road starts from the site of Ganquan Palace in Chunhua County in the south and ends at the junction of Zhidan County and Ansai County in the north, all of which belong to the range of Ziwuling Mountain System. The overall construction of Qin Zhidao Cultural Industry Demonstration Park with Qin culture as the main body has begun to take shape and was put into operation during the National Day in 2009. The park is located in Hantai Town, Dongsheng District, Ordos City, with an area of 10 square kilometer and a total investment of 10 billion yuan. It is divided into five areas: entrance guidance area, grassland culture theme area, Qin Zhidao culture theme area, Qin culture theme area and cultural industry animation digital industry production area. Based on historical facts, the main park of industrial demonstration park deeply digs into the folk anecdotes, architectural features and cultural features of various countries, and combines the needs of modern cultural industrial parks, which not only meets people's needs for folk culture and history and culture, but also is a good place for tourism and leisure.
The park is divided into three phases, the first phase is the road cultural base, the second phase is the grassland characteristic cultural base, and the third phase is the Central Plains cultural base. The first phase of the project started construction on June 8, 2007, mainly based on the historical and cultural background of the way of Qin Dynasty, and it is divided into the simulation experience of ancient chariots, the culture of Xiongnu, a nomadic people in the north, the display of Mongolian culture, the display of military parade and etiquette of Qin Shihuang, the display of customs of the seven countries of Qin Dynasty and the display of Qin Dou culture.
It has laid a foundation for the park to become a characteristic tourism boutique scenic spot with the integration of Qin culture and grassland culture, a film and television base in western China, a national defense education base, an internship training base in art colleges and a tourism base. In addition, in a short time, the park will connect with scenic spots such as Genghis Khan Mausoleum and Xiangshawan to jointly build a golden cultural tourism system in western Inner Mongolia.
On August 5th, 2065438+00, Sun Zhijun, Vice Minister of Propaganda Department of CPC Central Committee, inspected Dongsheng Qinzhidao Cultural Industry Demonstration Park. Wu Lan, member of the Standing Committee of the Party Committee of the Autonomous Region and Minister of Propaganda Department; Su, member of the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department; Wang Bing, member of the Standing Committee of the District Committee and director of the Office; and Gao Zhansheng accompanied him. Sun Zhijun visited Ganquan Palace Hall, Jiuyuan County Building and Simulated Qin Zhi Road in Qin Zhi Road Cultural Industry Demonstration Park, and listened to the detailed introduction. Qinzhidao Cultural Industry Demonstration Park is located in Hantai Town, covering an area of 10 square kilometers, with a total investment of 10 billion yuan. It will be built in three stages. This scenic spot is the only one at home and abroad with the theme of the culture of the way of Qin, featuring the frontier fortress culture of Qin and Han dynasties and the native land culture of Xiongnu. The overall layout of the park is "one road, two floors and three districts". The first floor simulates Qin Zhi Road, the second floor is Ganquan Palace and Jiuyuan County Tower, and the third area is the frontier fortress cultural area in Qin and Han Dynasties, the Xiongnu hometown cultural area and the Zhi Zhi performing arts square area.
During the inspection, Sun Zhijun said that the Qinzhidao Cultural Industry Demonstration Park has accurate positioning and good development prospects. Sun Zhijun pointed out that Dongsheng's tertiary industry has great development potential, which meets the requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development and the transformation of development mode. Qinzhidao Cultural Industry Demonstration Park is a sunrise industry. At the same time, enterprises should pay attention to the combination with local culture, the extension of industrial chain and the development of related industries. Relevant departments at the city and district levels should attach importance to and support the development of cultural industries, provide more preferential policies, and promote the development of regional cultural industries and local economies.