Date of birth and death: about 1738—— about 18 15, a writer in Qing dynasty. The word uncle LAN is a word cloud scholar. Because of his love for the novel A Dream of Red Mansions, he was nicknamed "The History of the Red Mansion". The Han army is a member of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, with a yellow flag. Originally from Tieling (now Liaoning), he lived in Beijing in the early Qing Dynasty. When I was a teenager, I liked swimming. Middle-aged people were once in the classroom. He is familiar with the history of classics and has written eight-part essays. He is also quite familiar with poetry, novels, operas, paintings and epigraphy. Poetry in the Tang Dynasty was prosperous, and its style was close to that of Huajian School. In this paper, "Ci must be based on its origin, and it must be refined with sincerity", which emphasizes the importance of meaning. He is keen on being an official and tries hard. He worked for 53 years before trying to be a juror in Shuntian Township (1788). Sixty years of Jinshi. Cabinet Book of Li Guan, The Cabinetshi Read. In the sixth year of Jiaqing (180 1), the examiner of Shuntian Township Examination. Fourteen years, the censor chose Jiangnan Road to supervise the censor. Eighteen years, promoted to criminal division. During his tenure, he was known as "honest and clean, diligent in political affairs and brilliant". In his later years, his family was poor and his official was cold. Therefore, although the works are like forests, they are rarely published and end with ambition.
In the fifty-sixth year of Qing Qianlong, the preface to the movable-type printed version of A Dream of Red Mansions by Cui Wen Bookstore (Cheng Jiaben), according to Zhang Wentao's poem "Zhoushan Poetry: The Year of Giving Gaolan Books", said: "After the legend of A Dream of Red Mansions was eighty times, it was supplemented by Ju Lan books." Moreover, there is a saying that "the chivalrous man can be empty, and the lascivious man says" The Red Chamber ". It is generally believed that the last 40 novels of A Dream of Red Mansions are sequels by Gao E, including Cheng Weiyuan and sequels, and the preface and preface of A Dream of Red Mansions extracted by the study room during the Qianlong period. When it comes to the issue of purchasing the last 40 volumes of the book one after another, it is believed that the sequencers, Cheng and Gao, just did the repair and sorting work.
Cheng Weiyuan (? ~ about 18 18) Koizumi, a native of Suzhou. Frustrated in the examination room, I have never been an official in my life. At the end of Qianlong, he lived in the capital and got to know Gao E. At that time, Gao E was "extremely idle and exhausted", so in the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong (179 1), a Dream of Red Mansions (known as "Cheng Jiaben" in history) was first published in movable type. In the following year, the first 80 chapters of the text have been greatly changed, and many sequels have also been revised. They are still published by Cui Wen Bookstore (known as "Cheng Yiben" in the world), which has been popular ever since.
The last forty chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions are not as good as the first eighty chapters written by Cao Xueqin, both ideologically and artistically. But its greatest contribution is that it can follow many of Cao Xueqin's language structure speaking skills, basically completing the overall structure of the book, making the story complete from beginning to end, thus making A Dream of Red Mansions spread quickly and widely. Dealing with some important plots, such as the decline of Jiafu, frequent disasters leading to the surprise attack of Jinyijun, the death of Baochai and the tragic ending of Baoyu's marriage, we can observe the so-called "authoritative" views of many redologists, which echo the thinking consciousness of redologists and have a certain appeal. Some chapters, such as Xia Jingui's search, Jia Zheng's being an official, Daiyu's burning of manuscripts and xiren's remarriage, are vividly described. However, the sequel to this book is extremely unpopular. The fundamental point is that it deviates from the spirit of the Red Chamber in the eyes of a red scientist. At the end, Jia Baoyu was selected in scientific research. After the decline of the Jia family, he actually had Huang Muen, Yan Shize, Gui Lan Qi Fang, Family Road Restoration and so on. Obviously, it has the purpose of being a good redologist, and it has not been able to get rid of the criticism of the current popular redologists. He also exaggerates superstitions such as ghosts and gods and karma (in fact, Cao Xueqin is also superstitious). There are also many unsociable research points in character, plot development and detail description. In addition, Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E's revision of the first eighty chapters also harmed the interests of Redology to some extent. For example, You Sanjie's story about Jia Baoyu's dialogue, psychological activities, detailed description and many other textual modifications and changes, reflecting its ideological understanding, artistic talent, aesthetic taste and other aspects are far from the original works that Redology scholars are used to. Nevertheless, compared with other sequels of A Dream of Red Mansions in the same period, this sequel is obviously much more popular. It is no accident that it was widely circulated with the first eighty chapters of Cao Zhi.
"Huang Qi Han Army in Neifu" (Chronicle of the National Dynasty). According to Professor Shang Daxiang's textual research; He was "born in the eighteenth year of Qianlong and died on the winter solstice in the nineteenth year of Jiaqing". (Preface to Gao E's Poems) After his death, his students were old and felt sorry for him. He edited and published his posthumous work, and wrote a preface in his own hand, saying, "Master Lan Shu was also a soldier in Tieling of the Han Dynasty. From Yi Mao to Jinshi, Li Guan gave advice to Jinghua. And the family is poor and cold, and the sleeves are clean. Therefore, it is like a forest. Before it came out, it was actually determined to end ... "This is the only biography of Gao E left by history.
179 1, the preface of the newly engraved Xiu Xiang movable-type version of A Dream of Red Mansions, with the inscription: "Gao E Qianlong, Tieling 19 1 1 five days after the winter solstice"; During the Xianfeng period, there was a preface to "The Journal of Poetry in Hongxiangguan", which read: "Autumn is in sight in Jiaju in August, and Gao E in Tieling is the preface". In addition, the title of "Lan Shu Xiang Yan Ci" is "Tian Feng Gao E". After the Qing Emperor Kangxi, Tieling County belonged to Fengtianfu. It is speculated that Gao E is a native of Tieling County in Fengtianfu (now Liaoning). Gao E's family owns land, and his father is a scholar. However, he was not confined by Confucianism since he was a child. Teenagers often wandered around with "drinking companions", and even "carried butterflies with bees, and waves left fragrance in two sleeves" (Slow Voice). When I grow up, I have a strong desire to pursue fame and gain, so I am familiar with classics and history. However, after several exams, I have made a gold medal list. This gave him a great mental blow. He left Beijing at the age of 30 to work as a private school teacher in other places. In fifty-three years (1788), Qianlong returned to Beijing to take the exam, and in sixty years (1795), he entered the official sea. Successive cabinet master book, Chinese army master book, cabinet master book, The Cabinetshi Read and Jiangnan Taoist priest, Jiangnan Taoist priest, and Chinese criminal officer.
Gao E is versatile and cheerful. He can not only write novels and poems, but also engage in opera and painting, and he is not familiar with epigraphy. Under his influence and guidance, his daughter Gao Yifeng became a famous poet in Jiaqing and Daoguang years. Gao E is warm to people, articulate and agile. As his colleagues commented on him, "Lan Shu is a genius with quick thinking. He stands out from the crowd and does everything he can "(Xu Rundi's Guo Genzhai She's Legacy). In the sixth year of Jiaqing (180), he was ordered to be the "examiner" of the provincial examination in Shuntian, marking papers for the candidates. He is so serious that he would rather stay up late than allow himself to be a little careless. Gao E has a lot of literary and artistic works, mainly poems, except continuing the Red Chamber. And some essays. Masterpieces handed down from generation to generation include Copy of Lanshu Poetry, Collection of Gaolan Books, Xiang Yan Ci, Storing Grass, Giving Lin Qing, Final Draft of Yuexiaoshanfang, etc.
Gao E died in the 20th year of Jiaqing (18 15) at the age of 77.
At present, Gao E's works are known in the following 12 categories (articles).
The Collection of Gaolan Books written by Qing Heyang in Volume 59 has not been copied.
Lan Shu Shi Chao and the Draft of Qing History. The biography of Wen Yuan II is recorded, but no biography has been found.
The last draft of Moonhill House was edited by Hua Ling, a disciple of Hemen, and was carved in chronological order. Hidden in Beijing Library.
The Ci of Lan Shu and Xiang Yan is a manuscript, which contains 44 Ci of Gao E.
For Qing Lin, see the first edition of Biography of Gao Fengyi (volume 20) in the 9th year of Daoguang (1829).
For the preface of A Dream of Red Mansions, see the preface of Cheng Hao's Book: An Introduction to A Dream of Red Mansions, which is jointly signed with Cheng Weiyuan, and see the preface of Cheng Yi's Book.
Postscript = Cao Maotang's poem, see the Eight Banners Classic.
See the 11th year reprint of Xianfeng (186 1) for the Preface to Poems in Hongxiang Pavilion.
The manuscript "Lan Shu Wen Cun" collected by Peking University Library contains 16 eight-part essays by Gao E.
The manuscript "Ten Arts of Blue Books" collected by Peking University Library contains Gao E's eight-part essay 1 1.
There are two volumes of Tang Lu Wang Lu's Poems Collection and Selected Notes, and the manuscripts are stored in the Northern Library, including one volume of Lan Shu Antique Picking Up and one volume of Lan Shu Excerpting the Present Text.
The Compendium of Official Administration compiled by Gao E has three versions in Manchu, Mongolian and Chinese, also known as the Compendium of Official Administration in Sanhe. There are publications that record Hua En's Eight Catalogues of Literature and Art..
Although until today, there are still different opinions about the copyright ownership of the last forty chapters. For example, some people think that Cao Xueqin's manuscript is incomplete, but more people believe that it was written by Gao E because there is more credible evidence. Zhang Wentao, a famous poet in the Qing Dynasty and Gao E's brother-in-law, clearly said in the self-note of his poem A Gift to Gao Lanshu in the same year: "The legendary Dream of Red Mansions was compiled by Gu Lanshu after eighty times." Gao E himself wrote a poem entitled A Dream of Red Mansions: A Completed Topic to express his feelings after hard work. In cheng Weiyuan's preface to a dream of red mansions, his preface to a dream of red mansions and cheng and Gao E's introduction to a dream of red mansions, the work of right is also described in this way: "add and subtract carefully, learn from each other's strong points and copy into a whole." As for what Gao E did, tinkering or constructing out of thin air, Redologists can bury themselves in heckling each other, but I'm afraid there will never be a convincing conclusion. After all, there are too many mysteries related to A Dream of Red Mansions. Before there is no new material to overthrow the old theory, we will return the copyright of the last forty chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions to Gao E.