Metal anode, edited by Chen Kangning, Shanghai: East China Normal University Press, published in July 1989, ISBN No. : 97875 1702 90 1/75 1702906.

Book Introduction

Since the advent of metal anode in the late 1960s, it has attracted the attention of electrochemical workers and has been widely used in electrolysis industry (such as chlor-alkali industry, chlorate industry, electroplating, metal protection, water treatment, seawater desalination, electrochemical synthesis, sludge smelting, etc.). ). This book introduces in detail the manufacturing process of metal anode, coating formula, electrochemical characteristics, repair and repainting of old electrode, recycling and application examples, and discusses and understands the conductive mechanism of active coating and the reasons for its deactivation from the perspectives of material structure, semiconductor, electrochemistry and electrocatalysis.

Table of contents of this book

catalogue

The first chapter is a brief history of the development of metal anodes.

First, the origin of the invention of metal anode

Second, the technical and economic effect of metal anode

Chapter II Electrode Materials

I. Characteristics of electrode materials

Second, electrocatalysis.

Chapter III Anode Process

First, the significance of studying anode process

Second, the dissolution process of anode

Thirdly, the passivation phenomenon of anode.

Four. Anode passivation mechanism

The fourth chapter is the preparation technology of ruthenium-titanium coated metal anode.

I. Preparation process

Second, the main equipment

Three. Factors affecting the quality of ruthenium coated metal anode

Chapter V Electrochemical Characteristics of Ruthenium-coated Metal Anodes

Electrochemical properties of 1. ruthenium coating

Second, the conductive mechanism of nail coating

3. Discharge mechanism of chloride ion on Ru-Ti coating

Four. Causes of deactivation of ruthenium-titanium coating

Chapter VI Improvement of Nailing Coating on Metal Anode

1. High-oxygen super-coated metal anode with iridium intermediate layer

2. Tin-antimony sandwich nail-Qin coated metal anode

Three. Palladium-containing high-oxygen super-coating metal anode

Chapter VII Operation and Management of Metal Anode Electrolytic Cell for Chlor-Alkali Production

I. Factors affecting current efficiency

Second, the protective measures when parking

Third, the economic current density

Fourthly, the modification of asbestos diaphragm.

Fifth, establish and improve management cells.

Chapter VIII Repair and repainting of ruthenium-titanium coated metal anode

First, about the standard of repainting.

Second, the choice of repainting repair methods in covered electrode.

3. Removing the old coating by sulfuric acid electrolysis.

Chapter IX Recovery of Ruthenium

First, the process of electrolytic recovery of nails

Second, the relevant chemical principles in the process of recovery

Three. Examples of recovering ruthenium

Four, the main equipment and instruments in the process of recycling ruthenium and operating requirements.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) recovers the quality of β-rucl3 xh2o.

Economic benefits of intransitive verbs

Chapter 10 Measurement of Micro-state of Metal Anode

A, metal anode coating conductivity measurement method

Second, the measurement of resistance of metal anode active coating

Three. Measurement of chlorination potential of metal anode coating

Four. Measurement of oxygen passivation life of metal anode coating

5. Phase composition analysis of metal anode coating

Determination of surface area of metal anode coating

Seven. Determination of nail content in metal anode coating

Eight. Observation on surface morphology of metal anode coating

Chapter 1 1 Other types of metal anodes

1. manganese dioxide coated metal anode

Second, lead anode

Three. Cobalt spinel anode

Chapter XII Application Examples of Metal Anodes

I. Metal anodes for chlor-alkali industry

Second, used to produce hypochlorite (bleach, disinfectant)

Third, it is used to produce perchlorate.

Fourthly, it is used for desalination of seawater by electrodialysis.

Five, used for electrolytic treatment of wool dyeing and finishing wastewater.

Six, used in electrolytic organic synthesis

Seven, hydrometallurgy and electroplating

Chapter 13 Examples of typical coating formulations

I ruthenium-containing coating

Second, non-ruthenium coating

Third, non-precious metal coatings.

Chapter 14 Prospects

1. Continuously improve the performance of ruthenium-coated metal anode.

Second, reduce the research of metal nail coating.

Third, develop new non-noble metal oxide coatings.

Fourth, pay attention to basic theoretical research.

Appendix I Reference Electrode

I. Main performance of reference electrode

Second, calomel electrode

Three, mercury-mercury oxide electrode

IV. Mercury-mercurous sulfate electrode

Appendix II Determination of Nail Content in RuCl3 xH2O by Hydrogen Reduction Method

Appendix III Quality Inspection Standard for Ruthenium Anode Coating (tentative, 1978)

Appendix IV Application of Thiourea Spectrophotometry in Ruthenium Determination

Appendix V International Atomic Scale