002 the legend of drilling wood for fire

003 Huangdi Zhanchiyou

004 Yao Shun stepped aside.

005 Dayu flood control

006 shooter Houyi

007 Shang Tang and Yi Yin

008 Pan Geng moved the capital.

009 Jiang Taigong fishing

0 10 slave mutiny

0 1 1 volt nominal king

0 12 Chinese riots

A bonfire on Mount Li

Talents in 0 14 prison car

0 15 against the qi army.

0 16 Qi Huangong Jiuhe warlord

Stupid Song Xianggong.

0 18 exiled childe Zhong Er

Jin Wengong retreated.

020 string wise retreats Qin Jun.

02 1 Xiaoshan war

022 blockbuster Chu Zhuangwang

023 Wu Zixu crossed Zhaoguan.

Confucius traveled around the world.

Gou Jian's service is very hard.

026 Fan Li and Wen Zi

027 Mozi broken ladder

028 Three clans are divided into Jin State.

Li Mu Shangyang South Gate No.029

030 Sun Juan fights wits and wits.

03 1 Zhang Yi Breaking Up Alliance

032 Zhao Wuling Wang Khufu rides and shoots

033 Menke, Meng Changjun

034 Yan Zhaowang seeks virtue.

035 Tian Dan's Fire Bull Array

036 Qujiang

037 Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao safely.

038 Lian Po offers a humble apology.

039 Fan Ju's Outward Close Attack Strategy

Zhao Kuo on 040 paper

04 1 voluntary

042 Newly rescued Zhao

043 Li Si Zhu Jianke

044 Jing ke stabbed the king of Qin

The king of Qin destroyed six countries.

046 The First Emperor-Qin Shihuang

047 iron spine of Bolangsha

The plot of 048 dunes

049 Daze township uprising

050 Liu Bang and Xiang Yu

05 1 Julu War

052 Liu Bangjin Xianyang

053 hongmen banquet

054 Xiao He chased Han Xin.

Chu and Han contended.

Wang Ba Wujiang committed suicide.

057 gale song

058 Deng Bai was besieged.

059 Baima Meng

060 two kingdoms of grass

Zhou Bo captured the army.

Ti Ying saved his father.

Xi Liuying is in Zhou Yafu.

064 Chao Cuo Deforestation

065 Mayi decoy war

066 Flying General Li Guang

067 Wei Qing and Huo Qubing

068 Zhang Qian Tong Xiyu

069 Su Wu Mu Yang

Sima Qian wrote historical records.

07 1 Huo Guang Fuzheng

072 Zhaojun went out of the fortress

073 Wang Mang Retro Reform

074 Greenwood Red Eyebrow Uprising

075 Kunyang Battle

In 076, Liu Xiu rebuilt the Han Dynasty.

077 Knights of Luoyang with Hard Neck

A hale and hearty general.

079 Learn from Buddhist scriptures and seek Buddha statues

080 Ban Chao joined the army.

08 1 Zhang henghe seismograph

082 domineering General Liang Ji

083 "Party Struggle" Event

084 Fan Pang is in prison.

085 Yellow Scarf Army Uprising

086 Yuan Shao killed eunuchs

087 Cao

088 Wang moved the capital except Dong Zhuo 089

The imperial edict in the belt of 090 clothes

09 1 guandu war

092 Sun Ce occupied Jiangdong.

093 Zhuge Liang Longzhong Countermeasures

094 Zhou Yu attacked Chibi with fire.

Hua tuo treats diseases.

096 Liu Beijin Yizhou

097 Cai Wenji returned to Han.

098 Guan Yu flooded the Seventh Army

099 Lumen White Crossing the River

100 Seven Steps of Cao Zhi's Poems

10 1 Lu Xun Shao Lianying

102 Seven Capture Meng Huo

103 Masu Street Pavilion

104 Wuzhangyuan

105 Sima Yi faked illness

106 Si Mazhao's ambition

107 Wargo Smuggling Jiange

108 A Dou who can't afford to help

109 Wang Junchuan broke Wu.

Shi Kaebi, others have money.

1 1 1 Eliminate "Three Harms"

1 12 idiot emperor

1 13 Eight Kings scuffle

1 14 Te Li refugee camp

1 15 The Huns are called Han emperors.

1 16 smell the chicken dancing.

1 17 Wang Ma works in the world

Schleswig changed to Han Shu.

1 19 Six Scenes in Zu Ti

120 brick delivery in Tao Kan.

12 1 Wang Xizhi writes about geese.

122 Huan Wen northern expedition

123 Wang Meng talks about the world.

124 Fu Jian went his own way.

125 Xie An made a comeback.

126 Battle of Feishui

127 Tao Yuanming does not bend over

128 Liu Yu Moon Array

129 Tan Daoji sings and prepares sand.

Gao Yun tells the truth.

13 1 great inventor Zu Chongzhi

132 Fan Zhen opposes superstition

133 Wei Xiaowen's reform custom

134 Northern Wei Strategists

Liang Wudi is a monk.

136 wayward Hou Jing

Chen Houzhu is doomed.

138 Zhao Chu acts according to law

Emperor Yang Di inspected Jiangdu.

140 Ten-meter Niu Jiao divination

14 1 wagangjun opened a warehouse to transport grain.

142 Li Yuan sets out from Taiyuan.

Li Shimin occupied the eastern capital.

144 the change of Xuanwu gate

Wei Zhi dares to speak out.

146 Li Jing attacked Yinshan at night.

147 Monk Xuanzang learns from the scriptures

148 Princess Wencheng enters Tubo

149 Empress Wu Zetian

150 Please enter the urn.

Renjie is full of peaches and plums.

152 said no perjury.

153 prevention and control of locusts in Yaochong

154 Li is wearing a honey belly sword.

155 Li Bai looks down on powerful people.

156 An Shi Rebellion

157 Yan Gao Qing called a thief.

158 Mayiyi mutiny

159 Zhang Cao borrowed an arrow.

160 Nanji Cloud borrows soldiers.

Li Mi returned to the mountain.

162 Li Guangbi beat Shi Siming.

163 Du Fu wrote "History of Poetry"

164 paragraph not afraid of rape

165 Guo Ziyi rode back to Uighur.

166 Yan Zhenqing is strong and unyielding.

167 Hunjun and Li Sheng

East Palace 168 Chess Player

169 Liu Yuxi visited Du Xuan Temple.

170 Bai Juyi entered Chang 'an

Li Su went to Cai Zhou on a snowy night.

172 Han Yu opposes welcoming Buddha bones.

173 Mana Event

174 small group quarrel

175 Tian Chong general Chao Huang

176 Late Tang Dynasty 177 "Dragon King of the Sea" Qian Liu

178 Lingren officials

179 "Second Emperor" Shi Jingtang

180 Zhou Shizong reprimanded Feng Dao.

18 1 wearing a yellow robe

182 glasses of wine to release soldiers

Li Houzhu is doomed.

184 Zhao Pu accepts gifts.

185 Yang invincible

186 Wang Xiaobo Uprising

187 Kou Zhun Anti-Liao

188 Yuan Hao established Xixia

Di Qing is not afraid of humble origins.

190 Fan Zhongyan implemented the New Deal.

19 1 Ouyang Xiu's Reform Style

192 unscrupulous Bao Zheng

193 Wang Anshi's political reform

194 Shen Kuo's mission

195 A Mirror written by Sima Guang.

196 Su Dongpo visited Chibi

197 fossil

198 Fang La uprising

Akuta 199 Fish Head Banquet

200 Li Gang defends Tokyo

20 1 Thai student petition

202 Two Emperors as Captives

203 Zong Ze three calls "crossing the river"

204 poetess Li Qingzhao

Han Shizhong stopped Nomads from 205.

206 Yue Jiajun crushed Wu Shu.

207 traitor Qin Gui

208 "Unjustified" Unfair Imprisonment

209 Yao Uprising

2 10 Yu Shusheng retreated from the enemy

2 1 1 Xin Qiji captured the traitor alive.

2 12 Lu you's last poem

2 13 Genghis Khan unified Mongolia

2 14 Jia sidao misses his country.

2 15 Wen Tianxiang rises.

2 16 Zhang Shijie sticks to the mountain.

2 17 Song Zhengqi

2 18 Guo Shoujing revised calendar

European tourist Kyle Poirot

220 "Dou Eyuan" is earth-shattering.

22 1 cyclops

222 monks served as marshals.

223 Poyang Lake War

224 Liu Bowen asks for rain

225 Hu case

The prince entered Nanjing.

227 Sambo eunuch went to the Western Ocean.

The fiasco of 228 Civil Fort

229 Yu Qian defended Beijing

230 Yang Yiqing Liu Jin.

23 1 Yang Jisheng risked his life to enter Yan Song illegally.

Harry is upright, upright.

Qi Jiguang expelled the enemy.

234 Li Shizhen went up the mountain to collect herbs.

235 Zhang Fuzheng

Ge Xian beat up the tax inspector.

237 After Nurhachi established the fund,

238 Salhu War

Xu Guangqi studied western learning.

240 Zuo Guangdou went to prison.

24 1 tomb of five people

242 Yuan Chonghuan vs Ningyuan

243 Counter Measures Used by Huang Taiji

244 Xu Xiake's Travel Adventures

245 King Li Zicheng

Lu Xiangsheng died of stag.

247 surprise attacks on Xiangyang

248 Yan Li and the woman in red.

249 Wu Sangui borrowed Qing soldiers.

250 Shi Kefa defends Yangzhou.

25 1 Xia Wanchun thunders against Hong Chengchou.

In 252, Zheng successfully recovered Taiwan Province Province.

Li Dingguo moved to the southwest.

Emperor Kangxi pacified San Francisco in 254.

255 jaxa's victory

256 Three Signs Gordan

Gu wrote a book.

258 literary inquisition

Emperor Qianlong banned books, revised.

260 Cao Xueqin wrote A Dream of Red Mansions.

26 1 corrupt official Xiao Shenyang

Because China has a history of nearly 5,000 years, the so-called "up and down 5,000 years" usually refers to the whole history of China.

Five Thousand Years Up and Down is a book that simply narrates the history of China, with a history of more than 4,000 years, from the traditional prehistoric legends of China to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This book describes far-reaching events and people in history. This book is helpful for history lovers to have a rough understanding of the history of China, and connect the historical outlines.

Another book, Five Thousand Years Up and Down in the World, is a book describing events and people that have always had a long-term impact on countries around the world.

Five thousand years in China

Author: Lin Handa, a famous linguist and educator, has a long history of China culture, which has been recorded for thousands of years. On the land of China, wonderful stories are constantly staged, and all-powerful figures appear, leaving many touching stories. China culture is the source of our life. Five Thousand Years Up and Down in China is a story-telling historical reading. This set of books, the editor chooses important and famous people and events, arranges and cuts them according to historical materials, and writes them in popular modern language, with no description or fiction. However, this book is not limited to history, but covers a wide range of fields such as philosophy, military affairs, art and education, which makes this book an extensive introduction to all levels of China culture from a general historical introduction.

Our great motherland has a long history. According to the ancient tradition, from the legendary Yellow Emperor to the present, it has a history of about 4,000 years, which is usually called "five thousand years up and down".

In the 5,000-year history, there are many touching and meaningful stories. Many of them are recorded in writing. As for the ancient situation five thousand years ago, there is no written record, but some myths and legends are circulating.

Where did our ancestors come from? In ancient times, there was a myth that Pangu opened heaven and earth. It says that before the heavens and the earth opened, the universe was just a mass of chaotic gas, and there was no light or sound in it. At this time, a Pangu appeared and split the chaos with a big axe. Light gas rises to the surface and becomes the sky; Heavy gas sinks and becomes the ground.

From then on, the sky was ten feet high, the ground was ten feet thick, and Pangu himself was ten feet high. In this way, after 18,000 years, when the sky is high and the clouds are pale, humanitarian theory, social change and human liberation are critical and revolutionary, and the earth is thick and thin, Pangu will surely become a giant with indomitable spirit. Later, when Pangu died, all parts of his body became the sun, moon, stars, mountains, rivers, vegetation and so on.

This is the creation myth.

Myth is just a myth after all, and no one will believe there is such a thing now. But people like this myth. Speaking of history, they often say that it started with "Pangu created the world". This is because it symbolizes the great spirit and rich creativity of human beings to conquer nature.

So, where should human history begin? Later, with the development of science, the fossils excavated from the ground proved that the earliest ancestors of mankind were apes transformed from ancient apes.

Scientists in China have excavated many ape-man skeleton fossils and relics all over the country, and we can see that the earliest hominids in our country have a history of more than one million years. Yuanmou ape-man found in Yunnan, about1700,000 years ago; Lantian ape-man unearthed in Shaanxi is about 800,000 years ago. Take the famous Peking man as an example. It has a history of 400,000 to 500,000 years.

Here, let's start with Beijingers. Beijingers live in Zhoukoudian area. At that time, the climate in northern China was milder and wetter than it is now. Under the mountain, there are trees, shrubs and lush weeds. Fierce tigers, leopards, wolves, bears and other wild animals haunt forests and Shan Ye. Elephants and rhinos also grow there.

Cattle and sika deer.

The strength of ape-man can't compare with these fierce beasts, but the fundamental difference between them and any animal is that ape-man can make and use tools. This tool is very simple, one is a stick and the other is a stone. There are many sticks in the Woods, but they have all been cut down; As for the stone, it was smashed by hand. Although rough, it is a tool made by people after all.

They use this simple tool to collect fruits and dig the roots of plants to eat. They also used sticks and stone tools to fight wild animals and look for food.

However, this tool is too simple after all. The food they get is very limited. They can't live independently, so they have to live in groups and work together to deal with the invasion of wild animals. This kind of crowd is called primitive crowd.

Hundreds of thousands of years have passed, and apes have evolved through hard struggle. The remains of another primitive man were found in the cave at the top of Gulong Mountain in Zhoukoudian, Beijing. The appearance of this primitive man is no different from that of modern people. We call them Neanderthals.

Neanderthals' labor tools have been greatly improved. They can not only smash stones into axes and hammers, but also grind the bones of wild animals into bone needles. Don't look at this little spicule. At that time, it was not a simple thing for people to sharpen bone needles. With bone needles, people can sew animal skins into their clothes, instead of being naked as in the period of Peking man.

Neanderthals also lived in groups. But their social life has been fixed according to blood relationship. Members of a collective are descendants of a common ancestor, that is, people of the same clan.