Li Shizhen's grandfather and father have been doctors for generations. Father wants him to be an official in the reading exam, not a doctor. When Li Shizhen was born, White Deer entered the palace and Ganoderma lucidum was born in court. Growing up, I thought it was destiny takes a hand to practice "the study of immortals" Li Shizhen/kloc-started the imperial examination at the age of 0/4, but "failed to make up the whole student, and took the provincial examination three times". Li Shizhen likes reading. He is very knowledgeable. He reads almost all the books. I have been studying for ten years, but I have never left home. He has no idea or will to be an official. He likes the books he reads very much and is good at medicine, so he pretends to be a doctor. At that time, the king of Chu heard that Shizhen's medical skill was excellent, so he hired him as a good doctor with abundant kindness. Later, the king of Chu suddenly collapsed, and Li Shizhen immediately saved him. So he was recommended to the court and awarded the position of trial in the imperial hospital. However, after only one year as an official, Li Shizhen gave up and returned to his hometown. There are 365 kinds of herbal books written by ancient physicians in China since Shennong. When Liang Tao Hongjing studied materia medica, the number of materia medica did not increase. In the Tang Dynasty, the CPSU added 1 14 species, in the Song Dynasty, Liu Han added 120 species, and Mr. Zhang Yuxi and Mr. Tang Shenwei added them one after another, adding the previous 1558 species, which was considered to be very perfect at that time. But Li Shizhen thinks that the quantity of products is too troublesome and the names are too miscellaneous. Sometimes one thing is divided into two or three, or two things are mixed into one product. He thinks this is incorrect. So, thirty years later, I read more than 800 books, revised the manuscript three times and wrote a compendium of materia medica.
Compendium of Materia Medica added 374 kinds of drugs, divided into 16 parts, with a total of 52 volumes. The first title is "Outline", and the others are attached with "Outline" to supplement and revise the original data of drugs. Secondly, focus on the solution, distinguish right from wrong, and explain the production in detail. Thirdly, take smell, indications and prescriptions as the body of materia medica.
Li Shizhen said in the original preface of Compendium of Materia Medica that reading ancient books and classics is just like eating sugar and chewing sugarcane. "If you are fond of classics for a long time, if you are fond of sugarcane", the book Compendium of Materia Medica is successful by adding or deleting textual research. When Compendium was written, Li Shizhen was seventy-six, ready to pay tribute to the imperial court. He himself foresaw his dying days, and he was "suddenly killed" soon. Li Shizhen wrote a petition to his son Jianyuan before he died, and asked him to give it to the emperor.
Not long after, during the Wanli period, Zongshen wrote a book on the history of the country, and made contributions to four literary works. Jianyuan dedicated his father's will and the book "Outline". The emperor praised it, and the court ordered it to be written and published in two cities and two provinces. Since then, "scholar-officials have their own books." From then on, materia medica can be regarded as a masterpiece. The emperor's statement in Li Shizhen's suicide note is roughly as follows: After a long time, many drugs are the same thing with different names, and different things have the same name, some are illegible, some are wrongly classified, and some drugs are toxic but similar to non-toxic drugs, which increases the difficulty of collecting drugs and affects the therapeutic effect. There are also some new drugs discovered in past dynasties that were not recorded in previous books, so many drugs were supplemented and revised. There are more than 1500 kinds recorded in old books, and 374 kinds have been added to Compendium of Materia Medica. It is divided into 16 parts and 52 volumes. Taking the "rectification of the name" of drugs as the key link and "attached release" as the purpose; In addition, the source, smell, indications, etc. of the drugs are recorded in detail by collecting solutions, distinguishing doubts and correcting mistakes. There are many reference books in this book, from graves to books, as long as there are stakeholders, they are included in the book. Although it is called a medical book, it actually explains the principles of everything and medicine. I hope the emperor can "focus on Confucian officials and make it a masterpiece of Zhao Dynasty" and make this book a good reference book to guide doctors to use. In his later years, Li Shizhen claimed to be a mountain man by the lake, and his works included Poems on Collected Books, Medical Records, Pulse Tactics, Graph Theory of Five Zangs, Sanjiao Puzzle, Ming Men Kao, Poems and so on. Because his son Jianzhong was an official, he was named Wen. Li Shizhen is not only an excellent doctor and herbalist, but also a practitioner of immortal art. He meditates and works out every night, pretending to be immortal. Look at Gu Jingxing's Biography of Li Shizhen and you will know: "When I was a child, I heard anecdotes about my husband, filial piety and Rao Yinde. I travel from my father at night, study in and out during the day and stay up late at night. Is it accidental? " There is a comment on Zhang Ziyang's Eight Pulse Meridians in Shi Zhen's "Hu Ling Pulse Studies": "The meridians contained in Ziyang Eight Pulse Meridians are slightly different from what doctors said, but they are' internal tunnels'. Only those who look back can observe them and their words must be true." It just shows that the secrets of the eight strange meridians observed by the Xiuxian family are different from those recognized by doctors, and they are observed in the opposite direction.
In addition, as a master of medicine and cultivation of immortals, he attached great importance to the secret of "the eight strange meridians". Therefore, in his Eight Veins of Strange Classics, it is believed that both doctors and practitioners must know the Eight Veins of Strange Classics. He said, "Doctors don't know this, and it's no use visiting sick machines. If the fairy doesn't know this, the furnace tripod will be difficult to secure. " "The doctor knows the eight veins, and the twelve meridians and fifteen collaterals are of great use; Fairy and tiger have eight veins, tiger and dragon rise and fall, mysterious and mysterious, wonderful. " China medicine is a huge treasure house, which contains many precious scientific heritages. China's long-term drug knowledge was mostly recorded in herbal books of past dynasties. Because the description of the source, nature, identification, preparation and formula of some drugs in Materia Medica involves a wide range of chemical knowledge, Materia Medica has become a rich content and source of chemistry in ancient and medieval China, and it is a brilliant achievement in China's chemical history. Li Shizhen is an outstanding pharmacologist who has made great contributions to materia medica.
Li Shizhen was born in a doctor's family in Hubei in the 13th year of Zheng De in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 15 18). When I was a teenager, I often went to my father and brother to collect herbs, or copied prescriptions for my father and listened to his explanation of pharmacology. At that time, the imperial examination was popular, and he was a scholar of 14 years old. But he loves medicine and is not interested in stereotyped writing. Therefore, after three failures, Kao Ju-ren gave up the road of becoming an official in the imperial examination and devoted himself to medicine.