How to write a good college composition?

How to write a CET-4 composition well

College English composition is an important indicator to measure students' comprehensive English level and application ability, and it is also an important content of CET-4. It accounts for 65,438+05 points (out of 65,438+000 points) in the whole CET-4 paper, and the scores of these candidates directly determine their CET-4 scores. In recent years, the State Education Commission has clearly stipulated that if a student gets a zero on his CET-4 composition, even if he gets a perfect score (that is, 85 points), his total score will still be regarded as failing. Therefore, writing a good article is very important for the students in CET-4, which should not be underestimated.

There are many reasons why the composition is not ideal. Generally speaking, there are the following problems:

First, the English foundation is too weak. The foundation is too weak, mainly manifested in poor mastery of grammar knowledge and unclear memory of basic vocabulary. Including the abuse of definite articles and indefinite articles, the inconsistency between subject and predicate, and the confusion between singular and plural (for example, a people, etc. ), tense and voice confusion, unable to master various forms of words. Some students write long articles with neat handwriting, but after reading them, they only feel disorganized and fragmented. Without a complete sentence, they can only get two or three points of comfort.

Second, the vocabulary is too small to remember what you have learned clearly. In addition to the historical reasons that the foundation is too thin, the students' vocabulary is too small to be ignored. Some students have a good knowledge of Chinese, and when they write in Chinese, they will be like a flood. When they write in English, they seem to be tied down and don't know how to start. For example,1June 5438+1October's composition is entitled "Don't hesitate to say no". Most students can understand the meaning of the topic and write according to the given Chinese syllabus, but some students don't even know what hesitation means, let alone start on this basis. In addition, some students are very clear about the topic and requirements, but due to the limitation of vocabulary, they can't express their ideas with some suitable words, so they have to turn around the topic, and this time the composition outline is like a tongue twister:

1, when others ask for help, under what circumstances will we say "no";

2. Why do some people not say "no" when they should say "no"?

3. Disadvantages of not saying "no" when it is time to say "no".

Therefore, after saying one "no" after another and adding several "yes", the marking teacher was also confused and his mind was swollen, and finally he had to give two or three points as appropriate. Others are full of typos as soon as they are written on paper, and some words are used differently. Typically, example is written as example for, example is written as for a instance, launch is written as leg, and many other phrases like this are misused. The limited vocabulary makes many students speechless and unable to speak. Writing in English is really a headache for them.

Third, lack of thinking and depth. 1June 5438+1October 1999, another important reason why a large number of students failed to get high marks was the lack of ideological content and depth in their compositions. Although many students are sophomores, even juniors and seniors, their intelligence level and composition experience seem to be only equivalent to that of a junior high school student. The articles written have low attention and narrow vision. As a student, it is not an exaggeration to pay attention to the relationship between classmates and show their help, but this kind of help can't be limited to the help in the exam. It is a sentence "Don't hesitate to say no". Quite a few students wrote help in the article, which is the help in the CET-4. Compared with the candidates in school, the social experience and some knowledge of social candidates should be much richer, but the range of cited examples is too narrow. Most people say that the boss or leader can only answer "yes" but not "no". In fact, there are many examples besides these. The key is to grasp the essence.

Fourth, there is a lack of test-taking skills. The lack of test-taking skills is mainly manifested in the fact that some students tend to shout slogans at the beginning or end of the article (such as "Dear friends, let's say" no "without hesitation) or gild the lily, and the article should have ended.

However, I have to say a few superfluous words; Some students are not sure about the number of words, either too short or too long. If they write too short, they will lose points because of the few words. If they write too long, they will lose points because the marking teacher has a heavy task and tight time. You can't confuse the whole marking rhythm just because of an article. There are also some students' handwriting (especially with pure blue ink pen and ball-point pen with too shallow water), which makes the marking teacher unable to read clearly.

The above are some common questions in CET-4, and also some aspects that we should pay attention to in our usual English composition. To write a good English article, the key is to work harder and lay a good foundation. However, if this kind of effort is not combined with skills, it will not only fail to exert the highest skills with half the effort and achieve the best results, but may even lead to low grades, which is far from the actual level. So the four questions mentioned above should complement each other and be indispensable. After doing this, it should not be difficult to write a good CET-4 composition.

The new college English syllabus puts forward new specific requirements for writing, which are divided into basic requirements and higher requirements.

The basic requirements are:

"Can write essays on certain topics and given outlines, write letters and notes, express clearly, and have no major language errors. Can write a short essay of 120- 150 words in half an hour.

Higher requirements:

Can answer questions about reading materials similar in difficulty to the text, write outlines and abstracts, write short articles on certain topics and given outlines, tables or charts, and write daily practical articles (such as letters, resumes, etc.). ), complete in content, clear in organization and fluent in arts and sciences. "I can write a short essay of 150- 180 words in half an hour."

Due to various reasons, students' writing training is not enough, which leads to the following problems in students' writing:

1. The content is poor, the knowledge is narrow and the imagination is not rich.

2. The structure of the article is chaotic, there is no logical relationship between paragraphs, and the center is not prominent.

3. The language is not authentic, the articles are all Chinese-style, translated sentences, and the sentence patterns are monotonous.

4. Lack of language, lack of aesthetic feeling and ugliness.

The CET-4 composition requires candidates to write an article of not less than 100 words within 30 minutes. This is more difficult for candidates with poor foundation, so it is helpful for us to write high-scoring compositions by learning and mastering certain skills. We should try our best to do the following:

1. Change traditional ideas

In middle school, middle school students who write in their mother tongue will use some writing skills to make their articles novel and unique. However, if this concept is applied to CET-4 composition, the effect may be the opposite. The main reasons are:

1) There are great differences between Chinese and English. Chinese is an analytical language, emphasizing parataxis and implication. English is a comprehensive language, which emphasizes hypotaxis and directness. Therefore, the article comes straight to the point and is more in line with English habits.

2) The requirement of CET-4 writing in college English syllabus is to cultivate students' preliminary writing ability. It is embodied in four aspects: whether it is relevant, whether the content is clear, whether the words are fluent and coherent, and whether there are many language errors. From this perspective, vivid language is not the focus of CET-4 composition examination.

3) Pursuing novel ideas, clever layout and vivid language, if you don't have a strong command of English language, it's easy to digress, or you can't express your ideas clearly, which is really not worth the candle.

Therefore, CET-4 composition candidates should pay attention to the topic and express their ideas clearly and accurately. This kind of understanding must first be based on the concept.

2. Understand the characteristics of composition questions

Since the implementation of College English Test 1988 in June, all the composition questions are propositional compositions. Among them, the first four compositions belong to thematic propositional compositions. In other words, there are not only titles but also thematic sentences in the three paragraphs. Starting from June 1990, the composition propositions are basically propositional compositions with prompt sentences, that is, to give the topic, the contents of three paragraphs of the composition are prompted separately, instead of topic sentences. The style is mostly argumentative, mainly to explain and express opinions to readers. Moreover, the CET-4 composition doesn't have to have a complete structure like the opening paragraph, the main part and the ending paragraph. You just need to write a three-paragraph essay of not less than 100 words according to the meaning of the composition and the tips of each paragraph.

3. Grasp five key steps

Because the propositional composition with a hint sentence is the same as the propositional composition with a topic sentence, except for the quasi-topic sentence, here we take the propositional composition with a hint sentence as an example to analyze.

1) Carefully examine the questions and clarify three aspects.

Getting to the point is the most important prerequisite for writing a good article. If the article is off topic, even if the content is rich and the language is vivid and fluent, the score will not be high. Therefore, the success or failure of the whole article is largely related to the success or failure of the exam, and we must not take it lightly.

The examination of the questions should not only analyze the questions, but also combine the hints given. First of all, we should make clear the content of the article, that is, what theme the article should be written around, which is the key to ensure the pertinence of the whole article. Secondly, it is a common problem for China students to determine the subject person required by the article, which is an effective way to avoid the confusion of person in the examination stage; Third, pay attention to whether the article has any special requirements for the tense and mood of verbs.

For example,1June 5438+1October 1996, the topic of the composition in Band 4 is "What if there is no electricity". If you only look at the title, you can't determine the theme of the article. Because the word "power" has a wide meaning, including rights, political power, electricity, ability, physical strength, energy and other meanings. What exactly does "power" mean here? This should be seen in combination with the prompt sentence. The prompt sentence of each paragraph of the article is as follows:

1. Since the beginning of this century, electricity has become an indispensable part of our modern life;

2. If there is no electricity-

3. Therefore-

Combined with the prompt sentence, it can be determined that the theme of the article is to write what will happen if there is no electricity and what impact it will have on people and society. Secondly, the subject of the article can choose we or people, but one of them must be determined and cannot be mixed. Third, we should pay attention to the use of subjunctive mood in the second paragraph of the article, which is a special place and must not be ignored. If the examinee writes this assumption as a real situation, that is, does not use subjunctive mood, then no matter how well the article is written, it will not get high marks. For example 1999 1 examination questions:

Title: Don't hesitate to say no.

Outline:

1. When should I say no when others ask me for help?

2. Why do some people say no when they should?

3. Disadvantages of not saying no when it is time to say no.

When we see the topic, we will think of why and when, which is what the article is going to discuss. In this way, we can have a good understanding of the full text.

For another example, the topic is "Make Full Use of School Time", and the tips for each paragraph are as follows:

1. Why do you want to go to school?

2. Contact teachers at school;

3. It is not good to just drill books or neglect study at school.

According to the title and tips, we can determine: First, the theme of the article is about making full use of the good times of the school. Secondly, the topic of the article can be us or students, but it can't be mixed. Third, the article should be completed in the present tense.

2) expand the prompt sentence and draft the outline.

When drafting the outline, we should closely focus on the prompt sentences, especially the key words of the prompt sentences, and expand the information provided by the prompt sentences as much as possible, so as to basically construct the framework of the article. When developing a prompt sentence, in order to avoid the digression of the paragraph content, we should start with the key words in the prompt sentence, expand our thinking around the key words, give full play to the association, and record the things that come to mind: sentences or phrases; It can be in English or Chinese. In short, at this stage, we should think quickly and act quickly. Take "making full use of school time" as an example.

The first prompt sentence is "Why do you want to go to school". Around the purpose of going to school, you can expand your learning knowledge, learn how to get along with others, improve yourself and become a useful person to society.

In the second paragraph, we can talk about why we should have more contact with teachers (teachers are knowledgeable and experienced) and the benefits of having more contact with teachers (learning more knowledge is conducive to our own growth).

In the third paragraph, the prompt sentence is "it is not good to only drill books at school and not pay attention to learning." If you don't go to two extremes, you can naturally think of why it is not good to go to both extremes. If you only have book knowledge, but lack knowledge and experience such as interpersonal skills, it is difficult to play the role of book knowledge; Without the necessary book knowledge, it is difficult to be competent for many jobs that require high knowledge. ) Such a three-stage composition outline is constructed. When conceiving, we should judge whether the meaning of each paragraph can be used as the topic sentence of the paragraph, and try to find out the key words if possible.

Let's look at another example: (Exam 65438+ 10/0, April 6, 1998)

Title: counterfeit goods

Outline:

1. Why are fake and shoddy products so popular in today's society?

2. What harm does fake and inferior products do to society and individuals?

3. Your point of view. (This paragraph is not listed in Level 4)

In this article, the key words in the first paragraph are "why, popularity" and the key words in the second paragraph are "society, individuals and damage". You can underline these words to show your attention when reading the main idea of the paragraph. When outlining, we must grasp the focus of the article under the guidance of the topic, and also consider the transition between paragraphs. Before summarizing, you can ask "WH" questions about the key words in the paragraph. However, the meaning of time itself is a question that can be answered directly.

Possible summary of this article:

1. is relatively cheap, and the price gap is large; Don't like to make claims; Market system

2. Fake household appliances, causing fire and losing money; fake medicine

3. realize the worst result and resist

College English writing routines

1. My opinion (my opinion)

When asked about a topic, different people will give different opinions ... no exception. Some people take it for granted that ... However, others think that ...

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the second view. The reasons are as follows.

First of all, there are some facts ... but that doesn't mean ... a proper example is ... so the first view doesn't hold water.

finally ...

2. Advantages and disadvantages

Nowadays, ... plays an important role in ... Like other things, ... has both advantages and disadvantages. Generally speaking, these advantages can be listed as follows.

First of all, ... Besides ... The most important thing is. ...

But every coin has two sides. The negative side is also obvious. First of all, ... What's worse. ...

From the above analysis, I think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. therefore ...

3. How to do it

There are many ways to solve this serious problem, but the following may be the most effective. First ... another way to solve the problem ... is ... finally. ...

There is no best measure we can take, there are only two. But it should be noted that if we take strong action. ...

4. choose action (a or b)

When you ... you will be faced with the choice between A and B. You'd better compare and contrast them carefully before making the right choice.

First of all, one ... and, b ... Second, one ... Similarly, b ... Although A and B are similar, they are different in the following aspects. First of all, one ... however, b ... in addition, one ... on the contrary, b ...

So, it depends on ... you should choose. If you ..., you should choose A; But if you ... you should turn to B.

5. Why? ..

There are many reasons ... but in general, they boil down to three main problems. First of all ... another thing ... maybe the main reason is ... according to the foregoing. ...

Proverbs quote:

As the proverb goes ......

High score composition score

1: Whether long and short sentences cross;

2. Can you use brackets?

3. Whether the words are diverse, accurate and vivid, try to use flash words that can attract the attention of the marking teacher;

4. Whether the keywords have changed, don't always use repetitive words;

5. Whether the use of sentence patterns is accurate and authentic.

The following are the precautions for writing a good composition:

1. Appropriate substitution of passivity for initiative can reflect the facts more objectively. Don't always use we/I at the beginning of a sentence (for example, when writing the end, don't use we should note it, but use Attention it. ) Give a classic ending: Therefore, it is time for the service industry to implement some applicable methods. By doing so, its competitive advantage will be effectively improved.

2. Be good at using parenthesis, such as putting adverbs and conjunctions in the middle, usually after the subject, verb or auxiliary verb, with commas on both sides.

For example, how/there/example/I believe is inserted in the middle, usually after verbs and auxiliary verbs, with commas on both sides.

However, others hold such an attitude …

3. Be sure to learn to change words and images. The specific substitution is too broad. Generally speaking, there should be no good, bad, many things and thinking in the exam.

People, opinions, etc. For example, in the above example, application replaces appropriateness, method replaces mode, implementation replaces execution, and improving competitiveness replaces enhancing competitiveness.

Let's take an excellent composition (14) written by a classmate of Nanjing Institute of Technology as an example to see how he used various writing skills. The student used all kinds of writing skills and wonderful substitutions and sentence patterns taught by the teacher in class, and his composition has been greatly improved.

Computers and me

I will never forget the day when my mother bought me a computer as a birthday present. It attracted me so much that I was addicted to searching a lot of useful information on Google and enjoying the ocean of melodious classical music. I couldn't sleep that night and felt that the whole world was mine.

Very replace very much

Thrilling replaces excitement.

Hit sb. hard with Thursday instead of sb. Be interested in sth.

Google replaces search

One replaces a lot.

The arrival of the new century has witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. With the progress of science and technology, computers, as a fashion, have flooded into today's society, attracting growing individuals. It is no exaggeration to say that we have been largely overwhelmed by them!

Witnessing the dawn of the new century is a wonderful sentence to describe what happened in a certain period.

More and more popular instead of more and more popular.

A very idiomatic sentence pattern that means "consistent with" and is replaced by …

Progress replaces development.

Inflow replaces entry.

Replace the present (current) with the current.

Be attractive to sb. Replace sb. Be interested in sth.

Growing individuals have replaced more and more people.

Say something without exaggeration.

First of all, we can freely search for the information we want at any time. Gradually, our knowledge will be enriched and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Besides, we can get a lot of online entertainment by chatting, playing games or sending emails.

As a start, not a start.

We are free to use parentheses to write.

Our knowledge will be enriched and our horizons will be broadened. It uses a wonderful passive voice.

Replace another/idea with another.

Delivery replaces sending.

However, it is undeniable that computers are harmful to human beings to some extent, especially the violence, * * *, pornographic pictures and AV movies that appear on the screen, which leads some netizens to plagiarize.

However, it is undeniable that computers can serve mankind. This sentence has three wonderful characteristics. First of all, this is an undeniable sentence pattern, and as a parenthesis, how it plays a role in replacing harm.

Appear instead of appear (fade instead of appear).

Netizen netizen is a wonderful word.

As a classic proverb says, there is no garden without weeds. Despite some adverse effects, computers do play a positive role in the development of people's lives. Therefore, we should make use of these achievements and avoid the opposite.

There is no garden without weeds. Every coin has two sides.

Computers can play and emphasize.

Positive instead of important/good, etc.

Part of the replaced part.

Disadvantages replace disadvantages.

Influence replaces effect/influence.

We should, there, use ... use parentheses.

Fruit (fruit is very vivid, fruit/values) replaces advantages (defects replace disadvantages)

Aspect replaces aspect.

Dear students, there are so many wonderful highlights in the composition above, how can you not get high marks in the composition!

Here are 30 most classic substitution words for your reference.

1. Individual, character and character substitution (person, person)

2. Positive, favorable, beautiful and promising

(Hope), perfect, happy, excellent, outstanding, superior instead of good.

3. Terrible, unacceptable, poor, advocated, sick (harmful) rather than bad.

If bad is a predicative, it can be replaced by be less impressive.

A large group of college students are addicted to playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys, or passively killing time in the dormitory. Therefore, near graduation, they found that their academic performance was not so impressive.

4. An army, an ocean, a large group, a large group, many, if not most.

Note: be careful when using more, if not most, there must be words after the more.

Many people, if not most people, have this idea ... Similarly, replace the majority with the majority (if not all).

5: One tablet, no fever, but worse.

With such an idea and attitude,

It is generally believed that,

This is universally acknowledged), because it is believed that.

(Because it is written, it is necessary to add it.)

7: Affairs, commerce, and materials have replaced things.

8: Sharing a generation of GM

9.reaphugfruits substitution has many benefits)

10: As far as I am concerned, from my own point of view, it has replaced my point of view.

1 1: increase (ly), increase instead of increasing (note that there is no such form as increase. So when modifying nouns, use increase/increase. Modifier adjectives and adverbs are used in increasing order.

Something is becoming more and more popular.

With the development of something, something becomes more and more popular.

12. Almost nothing, or almost nothing, not almost nothing.

65438+ 13 ... beneficial, beneficial rather than beneficial,

14. Shoppers, customers, consumers, buyers and substitute customers.

15. excessively, extremely, intentionally rather than very.

16. Almost unnecessary and unavoidable ... not inevitable, but avoidable.

17. something is attractive to someone, and something has a great influence on someone, not interest someone. Be interested in ...

Grab someone's attention instead of attracting someone's attention.

19. aspects, degradation, and areas of aspects.

20. Indirect, implied and fearful.

2 1. cause, cause, cause, trigger rather than cause.