Shear wall is a kind of structural wall, also called seismic wall and wind wall. Made of steel bars and concrete, it has good bearing capacity and seismic capacity, and is often used in load-bearing structures and seismic structures. It has a good effect on both horizontal and vertical loads, because it can prevent the structure from being damaged by shear, so it is called shear wall. This kind of shear wall can bear the load caused by wind load or earthquake, and can effectively prevent the wall from being destroyed.
In addition, the shear wall can be used as the main lateral force resisting member to meet the requirements of stiffness and strength. Shear wall structure is common in ground floor buildings, and can be well connected with beams and columns in cast-in-place construction, with high integrity. In some coastal areas and earthquake-prone areas, shear wall structures are more popular.
What are the classifications of shear walls?
1. Integral wall: The integral wall has no openings for doors and windows, so it can be ignored.
2. Integral wall with small opening: the integral wall with small opening is relatively large, and local bending moment appears at the wall limb.
3. Connecting wall parts: The size of the hole of connecting wall parts is relatively large, and the stress is equivalent to connecting the holes with connecting beams.
4. Frame-supported shear wall: the upper shear wall is supported by the frame structure to form a frame-supported shear wall.
5. Wall frame: When the stiffness of wall limb is weak and the stiffness of coupling beam is relatively strong, the mechanical characteristics are close to the frame. Because the thickness of shear wall is less than the width of beam and column of frame structure, it is called wall frame.
6. Irregular opening shear wall: For some building requirements, relatively large openings can be opened in the shear wall, and the openings can be arranged irregularly, so it is an irregular opening shear wall.