The localization of ESWL is a process of using related equipment to determine the position of stones in human body and accurately move stones to the focus of shock wave. Positioning system is one of the key factors for the success of extracorporeal lithotripsy. At present, most stone breakers are located by X-ray monitoring system or B-ultrasound system. These two methods have their own characteristics and complement each other. 1, X-ray localization and B-ultrasound localization: These two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and can complement each other. Joint positioning lithotripsy has both X-ray positioning system and B-ultrasound positioning system, which have the advantages of the above two methods. Whether positive or negative stones, whether renal or ureteral stones, can be located, and the dynamic and crushing process of stones can be monitored in real time, thus improving the level of lithotripsy treatment. However, the cost of dual positioning system stone crusher will be much higher.

2.x-ray positioning machine: Because urolithiasis patients are mostly positive stones (accounting for more than 95%), this machine is a safe lithotriptor relative to stone positioning, and the positioning is convenient and simple. In the case that B-ultrasound can't locate, X-ray positioning system can help to accurately locate the lithotripsy, and can track the lithotripsy effect during the lithotripsy process, so as to determine the doctor's judgment and formulate the intraoperative treatment plan. Because X-ray has certain radiation, it has strict management requirements for hospital lithotripsy, and its cost is higher than other lithotripsy modes. At present, the only internationally recognized gold standard stone crusher-Dornier HM3 X-ray positioning stone crusher.

3. Type of B-ultrasonic positioning: The stone crusher in B-ultrasonic positioning mode can be divided into two types: upper positioning and lower positioning. The upper positioning is relatively easier to operate than the lower positioning. The upper positioning can change the patient's position at will to achieve the purpose of positioning, and the B-ultrasound probe of the lithotriptor positioned by C-arm is as convenient as holding it in the hand of the surgeon. It is difficult and time-consuming to locate middle and lower ureteral calculi with B-ultrasound lithotripsy. Especially kidney calculi, whose stones are too big, should be used with caution. Once the stone falls into the ureter after being broken, other methods should be used to treat it, or X-positioning lithotriptor should be used to find the stone and crush it again. Its model is simple, the cost is low, and the installation requirements for sand and gravel houses are not high. Generally, it is more convenient and economical to use in small hospitals.