Shortly thereafter, he began his political career. At the age of 23, he was elected to the House of Commons. Although he was very talented, Queen Elizabeth refused to appoint him to any important or profitable position. One of the reasons is that he boldly opposed a tax bill firmly supported by the Queen in Parliament. He lives in luxury, is extravagant, and "borrows" debts without scruple. In fact, he was arrested once for being in debt.
Bacon became a friend and consultant of the young noble Earl of Essex, who was ambitious and won the hearts of the people, and Essex became a friend and generous donor of Bacon. But when Essex's ambition swelled and he plotted a coup to overthrow Queen Elizabeth, it was Bacon who warned him to put the loyal queen first. Nevertheless, Essex staged a coup, but it failed. Bacon played an active role in prosecuting the count for treason, and Essex was beheaded. The whole incident made many people feel bad about Bacon.
Queen Elizabeth died in 1603, and Bacon became an adviser to her successor, King James I. Although James refused to accept Bacon's advice, he appreciated Bacon very much. During the reign of James, Bacon rose step by step in the government. Bacon became the second minister of justice in 1607, and was appointed as a British justice in 16 18, with a position roughly equivalent to that of the president of the US court. In the same year, he was made a baron; 162 1 Become a viscount.
But joy begets sorrow, and Bacon later got into big trouble. As a judge, Bacon accepted the "gift" from the litigant in person. Although this is common, it is obviously illegal. His political opponents in parliament are trying to seize this opportunity to oust him. Bacon confessed, was sentenced to imprisonment, held in the Tower of London, and was forbidden to hold any public office for life. At the same time, he was fined a large sum of money. The king quickly released Bacon from prison and exempted him from the fine, but his political career was over.
Nowadays, there are many examples of senior politicians being arrested for taking bribes or trampling on public trust in other ways. After being arrested, such people often sue to defend themselves, claiming that everyone else is cheating. If we take this defense seriously, it seems that cheating politicians will go unpunished unless there is a precedent for punishment. Bacon's confession is different: "I am the fairest judge in Britain in the past 50 years, but my conviction is the fairest condemnation made by Parliament in the past 200 years."
Such an active and fulfilling political career seems to have no time to do anything else. But Bacon's immortal fame and position in this book is due to his philosophical works, not his political activities. His first important work, Essays, was first published in 1597, and was later supplemented year by year. This book is concise and wonderful. It contains many opinions, including not only politics, but also many philosophies of life. Here are some representative words:
Young people are more suitable for invention than judgment, more suitable for practical work than consultation, more suitable for innovation than established occupation ... Old people deny more, negotiate for a long time, and take less risks ... If young and old are combined, they will benefit a lot, ... because they can learn from each other's strengths. ...
-"Talking about Youth and Old Age"
Those who have wives and children have paid collateral for their fate. ...
-"Talking about Marriage and Being Single"
Bacon himself was married but had no children.
But Bacon's most important book is about the philosophy of science. He plans to write a masterpiece "The Great Renaissance" in six parts. I intend to reiterate our knowledge in the first part; The second part describes a new scientific investigation method; The third part collects experimental data; The fourth part expounds his new scientific working method; The fifth part puts forward some tentative conclusions; The last part summarizes the knowledge gained through his new method. It is conceivable that this grand plan-perhaps the most ambitious idea since Aristotle-has never been fully realized. However, Academic Progress (1605) and New Tools (1620) can be regarded as the first two of his masterpieces.
New Tools is perhaps Bacon's most important work. This book basically calls on people to adopt the method of experimental investigation. Because of the absurdity of completely relying on Aristotle's deductive logic method, a new logic method-induction is needed. Knowledge is not a known condition in our inference, but a conclusion drawn from the condition, or a conclusion that we want to achieve. If people want to understand the world, they must first observe the world. Bacon pointed out that facts should be collected first, and then conclusions should be drawn from these facts through inductive reasoning. Although scientists don't always follow Bacon's induction in every detail, the basic ideas he expressed are of great significance to observation and experiment, and form the core of the methods that scientists have been using since then.
Bacon's last book is New West Atlantis, which describes a utopian country on a fictional island in the Pacific Ocean. Although the background in the book is reminiscent of Sir Thomas Moore's utopia, his whole view is quite different. In Bacon's book, the prosperity and happiness of his ideal kingdom depend on and come directly from his devoted scientific research. Of course, Bacon is indirectly telling readers that the wise application of scientific research can make the European people as prosperous and happy as the people on his mysterious island.
People can say that Francis Bacon is a real modern philosopher. His whole worldview is secular rather than religious (although he firmly believes in God). He is a rationalist rather than a superstitious admirer, an empiricist rather than a sophist. Politically, he is a realist, not a theorist. His profound knowledge and wonderful writing resonate with science and technology.
Although Bacon is a loyal Englishman, his knowledge is far beyond his own borders. He divided three kinds of ambitions:
One kind of people, who miss each other and have poor management, have a long view of Shu and covet Qingyun within their own territory; Second, the government has no worries about food and clothing, and its organs are exhausted. It wants to find out the status of others and expand the potential of its own country. The more people bow down, the better. Although this generation is greedy, it is supreme; It's really ambitious and ... perfect if one climbs through difficulties and tries hard to let human beings enjoy the experience of heaven and earth and master the talents of the universe.
Although Bacon is the guide of science, he is not a scientist himself, and he can't keep up with the progress made by his contemporaries. He ignored Napier (who recently invented logarithm) and Kepler, and even his English companion william harvey. Bacon correctly pointed out that heat is a form of movement-an important scientific theory, but he refused to accept Copernicus' theory in astronomy. However, people should remember that Bacon did not propose a complete and correct set of scientific laws, but an overview of what should be learned. His scientific speculation is intended as a starting point for further discussion, not a final conclusion.
Francis Bacon is not the first person to realize the use of inductive reasoning, nor is he the first person to understand that science will bring various possible benefits to society. But before him, no one has published these views so enthusiastically and widely. In addition, partly because Bacon is a good writer and partly because of his reputation as a major politician, his views on science have great influence in practice. 1662 when the royal society of London was founded to promote the growth of scientific knowledge, the founders called bacon their enlightener. Moreover, when compiling encyclopedias during the French Enlightenment, major editors such as Diderot and Alembert praised Bacon as the enlightener of their works. If "New Tools" and "New Atlantis" have fewer readers today than before, it is because their meanings have been widely accepted.
People have reason to compare Bacon with rene descartes, another pioneer in the coming scientific era. Bacon was a generation ahead of Descartes (thirty years). He emphasized the importance of observation and experiment more than Descartes, but the great mathematical invention of the Frenchman tilted the balance of this contrast slightly in his favor.
Supplement his resume.
Francis Bacon (156 1 ~ 1626) was the most important essayist and philosopher in the English Renaissance. He not only made many achievements in literature and philosophy, but also made great achievements in the field of natural science. Bacon is a noble child who has experienced many hardships. The complicated and changeable life experience has enriched his experience, and at the same time he is mature in thought, profound in speech and full of philosophy. New Tools is one of Bacon's major philosophical works, which was first published in 1620. Bacon planned to write a masterpiece called "The Great Renaissance", which is divided into six parts, and "New Tools" is the second one, but it was not completed.
From the chapters about truth, death and human nature in Bacon's essays, we can see a Bacon who loves philosophy. From the chapters of "On Senior Officials", "On Royalty" and "On Ambition", we can see a Bacon who is keen on politics and well versed in the operation of officialdom. From the chapters of On Love, On Friendship, On Marriage and Celibacy, we can see a Bacon full of interest in life. From the chapters such as On Adversity, On Luck, On Disability, we can see a self-improvement Bacon. From the two chapters of "On Forging and Covering" and "On Speech", we can see a scheming and sophisticated Bacon.
References:
Baidu Knows
Interviewee: Master Lan-Scholar II12-14 22:12.
The questioner's evaluation of the answer:
Thank you for your reply!
Comments on the best answer
can
Commentator: love 693- Trainee Magician Level 2
okay
Commentator: Levin 350- probationary period level 1.
Ok, ok, ok! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Commentator: blue and tasteless-trainee magician level 2
More >>
There are three other answers.
Bacon 156 1 was born in London in, and was the second son of a senior government official in the period of Queen Elizabeth. He entered Trinity College of Cambridge University at the age of twelve, but dropped out of school three years later without a degree. From the age of 16, he worked as an official for the British ambassador to Paris for some time. But when Bacon 18 years old, his father died suddenly, leaving him no money. So he began to study law and found a career as a lawyer at the age of 2 1.
Shortly thereafter, he began his political career. At the age of 23, he was elected to the House of Commons. Although he was very talented, Queen Elizabeth refused to appoint him to any important or profitable position. One of the reasons is that he boldly opposed a tax bill firmly supported by the Queen in Parliament. He lives in luxury, is extravagant, and "borrows" debts without scruple. In fact, he was arrested once for being in debt.
Bacon became a friend and consultant of the young noble Earl of Essex, who was ambitious and won the hearts of the people, and Essex became a friend and generous donor of Bacon. But when Essex's ambition swelled and he plotted a coup to overthrow Queen Elizabeth, it was Bacon who warned him to put the loyal queen first. Nevertheless, Essex staged a coup, but it failed. Bacon played an active role in prosecuting the count for treason, and Essex was beheaded. The whole incident made many people feel bad about Bacon.
Queen Elizabeth died in 1603, and Bacon became an adviser to her successor, King James I. Although James refused to accept Bacon's advice, he appreciated Bacon very much. During the reign of James, Bacon rose step by step in the government. Bacon became the second minister of justice in 1607, and was appointed as a British justice in 16 18, with a position roughly equivalent to that of the president of the US court. In the same year, he was made a baron; 162 1 Become a viscount.
But joy begets sorrow, and Bacon later got into big trouble. As a judge, Bacon accepted the "gift" from the litigant in person. Although this is common, it is obviously illegal. His political opponents in parliament are trying to seize this opportunity to oust him. Bacon confessed, was sentenced to imprisonment, held in the Tower of London, and was forbidden to hold any public office for life. At the same time, he was fined a large sum of money. The king quickly released Bacon from prison and exempted him from the fine, but his political career was over.
Nowadays, there are many examples of senior politicians being arrested for taking bribes or trampling on public trust in other ways. After being arrested, such people often sue to defend themselves, claiming that everyone else is cheating. If we take this defense seriously, it seems that cheating politicians will go unpunished unless there is a precedent for punishment. Bacon's confession is different: "I am the fairest judge in Britain in the past 50 years, but my conviction is the fairest condemnation made by Parliament in the past 200 years."
Such an active and fulfilling political career seems to have no time to do anything else. But Bacon's immortal fame and position in this book is due to his philosophical works, not his political activities. His first important work, Essays, was first published in 1597, and was later supplemented year by year. This book is concise and wonderful. It contains many opinions, including not only politics, but also many philosophies of life. Here are some representative words:
Young people are more suitable for invention than judgment, more suitable for practical work than consultation, more suitable for innovation than established occupation ... Old people deny more, negotiate for a long time, and take less risks ... If young and old are combined, they will benefit a lot, ... because they can learn from each other's strengths. ...
-"Talking about Youth and Old Age"
Those who have wives and children have paid collateral for their fate. ...
-"Talking about Marriage and Being Single"
Bacon himself was married but had no children.
But Bacon's most important book is about the philosophy of science. He plans to write a masterpiece "The Great Renaissance" in six parts. I intend to reiterate our knowledge in the first part; The second part describes a new scientific investigation method; The third part collects experimental data; The fourth part expounds his new scientific working method; The fifth part puts forward some tentative conclusions; The last part summarizes the knowledge gained through his new method. It is conceivable that this grand plan-perhaps the most ambitious idea since Aristotle-has never been fully realized. However, Academic Progress (1605) and New Tools (1620) can be regarded as the first two of his masterpieces.
New Tools is perhaps Bacon's most important work. This book basically calls on people to adopt the method of experimental investigation. Because of the absurdity of completely relying on Aristotle's deductive logic method, a new logic method-induction is needed. Knowledge is not a known condition in our inference, but a conclusion drawn from the condition, or a conclusion that we want to achieve. If people want to understand the world, they must first observe the world. Bacon pointed out that facts should be collected first, and then conclusions should be drawn from these facts through inductive reasoning. Although scientists don't always follow Bacon's induction in every detail, the basic ideas he expressed are of great significance to observation and experiment, and form the core of the methods that scientists have been using since then.
Bacon's last book is New West Atlantis, which describes a utopian country on a fictional island in the Pacific Ocean. Although the background in the book is reminiscent of Sir Thomas Moore's utopia, his whole view is quite different. In Bacon's book, the prosperity and happiness of his ideal kingdom depend on and come directly from his devoted scientific research. Of course, Bacon is indirectly telling readers that the wise application of scientific research can make the European people as prosperous and happy as the people on his mysterious island.
People can say that Francis Bacon is a real modern philosopher. His whole worldview is secular rather than religious (although he firmly believes in God). He is a rationalist rather than a superstitious admirer, an empiricist rather than a sophist. Politically, he is a realist, not a theorist. His profound knowledge and wonderful writing resonate with science and technology.
Although Bacon is a loyal Englishman, his knowledge is far beyond his own borders. He divided three kinds of ambitions:
One kind of people, who miss each other and have poor management, have a long view of Shu and covet Qingyun within their own territory; Second, the government has no worries about food and clothing, and its organs are exhausted. It wants to find out the status of others and expand the potential of its own country. The more people bow down, the better. Although this generation is greedy, it is supreme; It's really ambitious and ... perfect if one climbs through difficulties and tries hard to let human beings enjoy the experience of heaven and earth and master the talents of the universe.
Although Bacon is the guide of science, he is not a scientist himself, and he can't keep up with the progress made by his contemporaries. He ignored Napier (who recently invented logarithm) and Kepler, and even his English companion william harvey. Bacon correctly pointed out that heat is a form of movement-an important scientific theory, but he refused to accept Copernicus' theory in astronomy. However, people should remember that Bacon did not propose a complete and correct set of scientific laws, but an overview of what should be learned. His scientific speculation is intended as a starting point for further discussion, not a final conclusion.
Francis Bacon is not the first person to realize the use of inductive reasoning, nor is he the first person to understand that science will bring various possible benefits to society. But before him, no one has published these views so enthusiastically and widely. In addition, partly because Bacon is a good writer and partly because of his reputation as a major politician, his views on science have great influence in practice. 1662 when the royal society of London was founded to promote the growth of scientific knowledge, the founders called bacon their enlightener. Moreover, when compiling encyclopedias during the French Enlightenment, major editors such as Diderot and Alembert praised Bacon as the enlightener of their works. If "New Tools" and "New Atlantis" have fewer readers today than before, it is because their meanings have been widely accepted.
People have reason to compare Bacon with rene descartes, another pioneer in the coming scientific era. Bacon was a generation ahead of Descartes (thirty years). He emphasized the importance of observation and experiment more than Descartes, but the great mathematical invention of the Frenchman tilted the balance of this contrast slightly in his favor.
Respondents: problem users-director level 812-14 22:11.
Bacon 156 1 was born in London in, and was the second son of a senior government official in the period of Queen Elizabeth. He entered Trinity College of Cambridge University at the age of twelve, but dropped out of school three years later without a degree. From the age of 16, he worked as an official for the British ambassador to Paris for some time. But when Bacon 18 years old, his father died suddenly, leaving him no money. So he began to study law and found a career as a lawyer at the age of 2 1.
Shortly thereafter, he began his political career. At the age of 23, he was elected to the House of Commons. Although he was very talented, Queen Elizabeth refused to appoint him to any important or profitable position. One of the reasons is that he boldly opposed a tax bill firmly supported by the Queen in Parliament. He lives in luxury, is extravagant, and "borrows" debts without scruple. In fact, he was arrested once for being in debt.
Bacon became a friend and consultant of the young noble Earl of Essex, who was ambitious and won the hearts of the people, and Essex became a friend and generous donor of Bacon. But when Essex's ambition swelled and he plotted a coup to overthrow Queen Elizabeth, it was Bacon who warned him to put the loyal queen first. Nevertheless, Essex staged a coup, but it failed. Bacon played an active role in prosecuting the count for treason, and Essex was beheaded. The whole incident made many people feel bad about Bacon.
Queen Elizabeth died in 1603, and Bacon became an adviser to her successor, King James I. Although James refused to accept Bacon's advice, he appreciated Bacon very much. During the reign of James, Bacon rose step by step in the government. Bacon became the second minister of justice in 1607, and was appointed as a British justice in 16 18, with a position roughly equivalent to that of the president of the US court. In the same year, he was made a baron; 162 1 Become a viscount.
But joy begets sorrow, and Bacon later got into big trouble. As a judge, Bacon accepted the "gift" from the litigant in person. Although this is common, it is obviously illegal. His political opponents in parliament are trying to seize this opportunity to oust him. Bacon confessed, was sentenced to imprisonment, held in the Tower of London, and was forbidden to hold any public office for life. At the same time, he was fined a large sum of money. The king quickly released Bacon from prison and exempted him from the fine, but his political career was over.
Nowadays, there are many examples of senior politicians being arrested for taking bribes or trampling on public trust in other ways. After being arrested, such people often sue to defend themselves, claiming that everyone else is cheating. If we take this defense seriously, it seems that cheating politicians will go unpunished unless there is a precedent for punishment. Bacon's confession is different: "I am the fairest judge in Britain in the past 50 years, but my conviction is the fairest condemnation made by Parliament in the past 200 years."