1934 graduated from department of mechanical engineering, China Jiaotong University, and 1934 studied at MIT and California Institute of Technology.
1935 went to the United States to study aviation engineering and aerodynamics, and 1938 received his doctorate from California Institute of Technology. Later, he stayed in the United States and served as lecturer, associate professor, professor, director of supersonic laboratory and director of Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center.
After receiving his doctorate from 65438 to 0938, he stayed in school to teach and engage in rocket research.
1950, we began to strive for the return to the motherland. At that time, a senior general of the US Navy said: "Qian Xuesen is worth five divisions wherever he goes, and he must never be allowed to leave the United States." Therefore, Qian Xuesen was persecuted by the American government and lost his freedom. 1955 It took five years to return to the motherland.
1955 10 After returning home from various obstacles in October, 1958 served as the technical director of rocket, missile and spacecraft development for a long time.
/kloc-0 joined China in 1959. He used to be the director of the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the deputy director of the Seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry and the deputy director of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. He is currently the honorary chairman of China Association for Science and Technology.
Qian Xuesen put forward an extremely important implementation plan for the development of rocket and missile technology in China. From April 65438 to April 0956, he served as a technical leader in the development of rockets, missiles and spacecraft for a long time, making great contributions to the development of rockets, missiles and aerospace in China. Qian Xuesen used to be vice chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Department of Mathematics and Physics of China Academy of Sciences, honorary chairman of China Aerospace Society and chairman of China Association for Science and Technology.
all one's life
1。 one's early years
Qian Xuesen19 1 1 February11was born in Shanghai. He studied in the middle school attached to Beijing Normal University and Jiaotong University in his early years. 1934 Summer vacation, graduated from Jiaotong University and was admitted to Tsinghua University to study abroad at public expense.
1One day in August, 935, Qian Xuesen left the motherland from Shanghai on a ship of the American Postal Company. The muddy waves of Huangpu River rolled and looked at the gradually blurred Shanghai. Qian Xuesen silently said: "Goodbye, motherland. Now that you're in power, you're in a mess. I went to the United States to study technology and will come back one day to help you revive. "
Qian Xuesen went to the United States to enter the aviation department of MIT, and his academic performance has always been among the best. He had to practice in a factory to study engineering, but at that time, the American aviation factory discriminated against China people, so a year later he began to study aviation engineering theory, that is, applied mechanics. He transferred to California Institute of Technology.
Qian Xuesen came here with admiration. Because, located in the aviation department of California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, a suburb of Los Angeles, there is a famous aerodynamics professor von Carmen, who is Hungarian.
In the early 1930s, aviation science was still in its infancy. Von Carmen was a top figure in this field at that time, and was later known as "the father of supersonic flight". 1970, there was a crater on the moon named after him.
Von Carmen looked at the serious and short young man carefully. He asked several questions for Qian Xuesen to answer, and Qian Xuesen answered all his questions after a little thought. Von Carmen secretly praised: This China man is witty and full of wisdom. He accepted the student happily. At the beginning of 1945, Qian Xuesen became a member of the air force scientific advisory group headed by von Carmen. After Germany surrendered, he went to Europe with the investigation team of the regiment to inspect aviation and rocket technology. 1947 At the beginning of this year, 36-year-old Qian Xuesen became a full professor at MIT. During the monitoring period, apart from teaching, he still did not give up academic research. 1953 published "Take-off from Earth Satellite Orbit", which laid the foundation of small thrust flight mechanics. 1954 published "Engineering Cybernetics". 1955 when saying goodbye to von Carmen before returning to China, von Carmen said excitedly, "You have surpassed me academically now!"
Qian Xuesen became a graduate student of Guggenheim Aviation Laboratory led by Carmen. This laboratory later became the cradle of American rocket technology, and Qian Xuesen was one of the first three members to conduct rocket technology research here. 1929 to 1934 studied in department of mechanical engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University. After graduation, I applied to study in the United States in Tsinghua University. After entering the school, I worked as an intern at Hangzhou Jianqiao Airport. 1935 to 1939 studied in the department of aeronautical engineering of MIT and obtained a master's degree. 1936- 1939 studied in the department of aeronautics and mathematics of California Institute of Technology, USA, and obtained a doctorate. 1939- 1943, researcher, Department of Aeronautics, California Institute of Technology. 1943 to 1945 was an assistant professor in the department of aeronautics, California Institute of Technology (1940 to 1945 was a communication researcher in Chengdu Institute of Aeronautics, Sichuan). 1945- 1946, associate professor, Department of Aviation, California Institute of Technology. 1946- 1949, associate professor and professor of aerodynamics, Department of Aeronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1949- 1955, Director and Professor of Jet Propulsion Center of California Institute of Technology. Married Jiang Ying on 1947.
1955 returned to China. 1955 to 1964, director and researcher of the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director of the Fifth Institute of the Ministry of National Defense. 1965 to 1970 served as deputy minister of the seventh Ministry of Machinery Industry. 1970 to 1982 served as deputy director of the science and technology Committee of the commission of science, technology and industry for national defense and vice chairman of the China association for science and technology. He has served as the first and second director of China Automation Society, honorary president of China Aerospace Society, China theoretical and applied mechanics Society and China Systems Engineering Society, executive director of the Presidium of China Academy of Sciences, and member of the Department of Mathematics and Physics. 1986 to 199 1 May, served as the chairman of the third National Committee of China Association for Science and Technology. 1991may was elected honorary chairman of China association for science and technology at the fourth national congress. 1April, 1992, was appointed honorary chairman of the Presidium of China Academy of Sciences. /kloc-0 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering in June, 1994.
Qian Xuesen, alternate member of the 9th-12nd CPC Central Committee and vice chairman of the 6th, 7th and 8th CPPCC National Committee.
In his early years, he did pioneering work in many fields of applied mechanics and rocket and missile technology. Many theories put forward by independent research and cooperation with von Carmen have laid the foundation for the development of applied mechanics, aviation engineering and rocket and missile technology. After returning to China, he served as the technical director of rocket, missile and satellite development for a long time, and made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of China's missile and space industry. Creative research has been made in many theoretical fields, such as engineering cybernetics, systems engineering and systems science, thinking science and humanities, Marxist philosophy and so on, and great contributions have been made. 1956 won the first prize of Natural Science Award of China Academy of Sciences; 1985 won the national special prize for scientific and technological progress; 199 1 was awarded the honorary title of "National Outstanding Contribution Scientist" and the first-class English Model Medal by the State Council and the Central Military Commission. Academician of China Academy of Sciences
He is the author of Engineering Cybernetics, On System Engineering, Introduction to Interstellar Navigation, etc.
The study and research work are very tense. Qian Xuesen works more than ten hours a day, studies for half a day, discusses for half a day, and continues to struggle at night. Three years later, he got his doctorate with honors, stayed in school to teach, and became von Carmen's right-hand man. During this period, he not only mastered the basic knowledge of aerodynamics, but also stood at the forefront of this science. From 65438 to 0939, he studied the aviation structure and made a breakthrough in just one year.
In the second year of California Institute of Technology, Qian Xuesen met his classmate F.J. Marin, who studied rocket technology. Introduced by Marina, Qian Xuesen participated in the Marxism-Leninism study group of California Institute of Technology at that time, and met Weinbaum, secretary of the group and assistant researcher of chemical physics. In the group, Qian Xuesen studied Engels' anti-Turin theory with everyone; Current affairs are often discussed at the weekly meeting. 1938 In the winter, after the outbreak of World War II, this group was dissolved.
In view of the outstanding achievements of Qian Xuesen's research work and the needs of American wartime military scientific research, he was able to participate in the secret work. From 65438 to 0944, the U.S. military commissioned Professor von Carmen as the head and Marina as the deputy to study long-range rockets. Qian Xuesen was in charge of the theoretical group, and invited Lin Jiaqiao and Qian Weichang to conduct ballistic analysis, combustion chamber heat conduction and combustion theory research. At the same time, Qian Xuesen also served as the technical consultant of air jet Company. 1945 was also hired as a member of the scientific advisory panel by the US Air Force. During this period, he gained valuable experience in the scientific research of modern mechanics and jet propulsion and became an outstanding scientist with high reputation at that time.
At the end of World War II, the US Air Force highly praised Qian Xuesen's "great contribution" to the victory of the war. Milton Viorst, an American columnist, believes that Qian Xuesen has always been "a key figure in making a long-term plan to transform the US Air Force from a propeller plane into a jet plane and eventually into an unmanned spacecraft traveling in space" and "a brilliant star in the galaxy of scientists who helped the United States become a world-class military power".
1946 In the summer, Qian Xuesen left California Institute of Technology and went to MIT as an associate professor to teach graduate students majoring in aerodynamics. 1947 At the beginning of this year, 36-year-old Qian Xuesen became a tenured professor at MIT. In the summer of the same year, Qian Xuesen asked for leave to visit relatives in China. In September, he married Jiang Ying (now a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music). Jiang Ying, the third daughter of Jiang Baili, a famous military theorist in early China, was a soprano, and received a good music education in Vienna and Berlin.
From 1935 to 1955, Qian Xuesen lived in the United States for 20 years. During this period, he made brilliant academic achievements, enjoyed generous treatment in life and had convenient conditions at work. However, he is always attached to the motherland where he was born and raised. In his letter to his father, he lamented more than once, "When will the tourism career end?" .
2。 return to one's country
"I have always believed that I will be able to return to my motherland. Today, I finally came back! " This is the first time that Qian Xuesen, a famous scientist and rocket expert in China, set foot on the voyage of returning home under the care of Premier Zhou Enlai on September 1955.1October 1955 arrived in Hong Kong and1October 8+0955 arrived in Guangzhou. He returned to China with his wife and two young children.
1In August, 935, Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study and study aviation engineering and aerodynamics as a public student. Before returning to China, he was the director of the California Institute of Technology Supersonic Laboratory and the director of the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center.
(1) The contrast between before and after I left is very obvious.
6.abraham? Lincoln (1809- 1865), the 6th president of the United States.
On February 1809, Lincoln was born in a poor peasant family in Harding County, Kentucky. In his own words, his childhood was "a concise chronicle of poverty". When he was a child, he helped his family move firewood, carry water and do farm work. Parents are descendants of British immigrants. They make a living by farming and hunting. 18 16, the Lincoln family moved to southwest Indiana to reclaim land for a living. Lincoln's mother died at the age of nine.
The civil war is called the second American revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation. But the slave owners hated him very much. 1April, 8651On the evening of the 4th, Lincoln was assassinated by a thug who was bought by a southern slave owner while watching a play at the Ford Theater in Washington. Lincoln's unfortunate death caused great shock at home and abroad, and the American people deeply mourned him. More than 7 million people stopped on both sides of the road to pay tribute to the funeral procession, and 6.5438+0.5 million people paid tribute to Lincoln's body. Lincoln was an outstanding politician. He made great contributions to the development of American society and was revered by the American people. In the eyes of Americans, his prestige even surpassed that of Washington.
Lincoln was the 16 th president of the United States, and his life was full of hardships and frustrations. He was born in poverty, his mother died at the age of 9, and/kloc-started studying at the age of 0/5. At the age of 24, he went into business as a partner and closed down because of poor management, so he was in debt 15 years; At the age of 25, his first love Anne died of illness, which made him extremely sad. Since then, he has often been depressed. At the age of 32, he married Miss Mary Todd. After marriage, he often goes home because his wife has a bad temper. When he started running for public office, he lost almost every major election; At the age of 52, he was elected president of the United States. As a result, the civil war broke out soon. The northern army is superior to the southern army in personnel and armaments, but it has repeatedly failed on the battlefield. The civil war originally planned for two years lasted for four years, which made Lincoln suffer greatly. At the age of 56, the Civil War finally ended and Lincoln was re-elected, but he was assassinated in Ford Theatre. ...
Lincoln's life was spent in successive sufferings. Frustration is the main theme of his life, and depression is his personal enemy. But Lincoln lived to the last moment!
Not only that, Lincoln likes to laugh, because laughter is his prescription to relieve stress and can give him a break from endless troubles. More importantly, laughter can sublimate Lincoln's mood and let him and the people around him get wisdom tips from the "laughter of distressed people".
"I thank you very much for reminding me of my father. He's dead. I will always remember your advice. I know I will never be a good president like the shoemaker's father. "
There was silence in the Senate. Lincoln turned to the arrogant senator and said, "As far as I know, my father used to make shoes for your family. If your shoes don't fit, I can help you correct them. " Although I am not a great shoemaker, I have learned the skills of shoemaking from my father since I was a child. Then he said to all the senators, "It's the same for anyone in the Senate. If the shoes you are wearing are made by my father and need to be repaired or improved, I will try my best to help. "But one thing is certain, I can't be as great as him, and his craftsmanship is unparalleled." At this point, Lincoln left tears, and all the ridicule of Hua Song gave him sincere applause. Later, Lincoln became the president of the United States as he wished.
One day, Lincoln, Secretary of State William Seward and john hay visited the residence of General McClellan, the new commander of the North Army Potomac Corps (he was the first commander appointed by Lincoln after the American Civil War broke out). The servant told Lincoln that the general had gone out to attend the wedding and waited for about an hour. When General McClellan came back, he ignored Lincoln and others and went straight upstairs. After waiting for about half an hour, the servant went to report again and got a cold answer: "The general has fallen asleep."
On their way home, seward and Hay were indignant at McClellan's arrogant behavior, but Lincoln disagreed. Instead, he advised them not to care about the details, and finally said seriously, "As long as McClellan can win for us, I am willing to lead him."
Mcclellan was later proved to be a timid general, and Lincoln had to replace him. Unfortunately, Lincoln's later generals were also incompetent, and it was not until General Grant was finally replaced that good news spread frequently at the front. But soon, someone complained to Lincoln that General Grant often drank at the front. Lincoln said with a smile, "I really want to know what kind of wine Grant is drinking, so that I can send a bottle to every general at the front."
Lincoln likes telling jokes. Whenever he tells a joke, his face lights up, his eyes light up and his voice trembles. Sometimes he dances and laughs first. After being ridiculed, Lincoln's mood often drops immediately and he looks at everyone with a sad face. This is Lincoln's character.
Lincoln, who was born in poverty, faced setbacks all his life. He failed in eight elections, failed in business twice and even had a nervous breakdown.
Many times, he could have given up, but he didn't, and it was because he didn't give up that he became one of the greatest presidents in American history.
"This road is hard and muddy. One foot slipped and the other foot was unstable; But I took a deep breath and told myself, "It's just a slip, not death. I can't get up." "-Lincoln said after running for the Senate failed.
[Edit this paragraph] "It is my bounden duty to abolish slavery."
1860, abraham lincoln was elected president of the United States. Lincoln sympathized with the tragic situation of blacks, opposed and hoped to gradually abolish barbaric slavery, which was also an important reason for his election as president of the capital. Lincoln experienced numerous failures and setbacks in his life, but he finally changed American history.
Lincoln was born in a peasant family. He worked as an employee and a village postman since he was a child, and then entered politics. Lincoln studied hard, was virtuous, kind, cautious and firm, and was praised by people. Once, Lincoln arrived in New Orleans, the southern slave trade center, as a tax. In the auction market, Lincoln saw some slave traders branding slaves with red iron. Plumes of smoke came out. Lincoln's heart was strongly shocked. He said to his companions, "When I have a chance to fight slavery one day, I will definitely crush it completely. It is my bounden duty to abolish slavery! "
[Edit this paragraph] Gettysburg Address (Chinese)
Link: Gettysburg Address
Abraham Lincoln
(This is a speech delivered by Lincoln at the dedication ceremony of the fallen soldier cemetery in Gettysburg on February 186 1, which is recognized as the highest model of English speech. )
Eighty-seven years ago, our forefathers established a brand-new country on this continent. This country takes freedom as its ideal and pursues the principle that all men are created equal.
At present we are engaged in a great civil war. This war is a test of whether our country or any country with the same ideals and goals can exist for a long time. Now we are gathered together-on a great battlefield of this war-to dedicate a small piece of land on this battlefield to those who died heroically for the survival of their country as their final resting place. It is entirely appropriate for us to do so.
However, in a deeper sense, we have no ability to dedicate this land and make it more sacred. Because the warriors who fought here, living and dead, have made this land so sacred that our little strength is not enough to promote it. What I said here today may not be noticed or remembered by the world, but people will never forget the achievements of these heroes.
What we latecomers should do is to devote ourselves here to the unfinished business that heroes have struggled for and promoted. We should devote ourselves to the great task they left us. Our martyrs have devoted all their sincerity to our cause. We should draw more spiritual strength from their example and make up our minds to make their blood flow in vain. With God's blessing, our country will get a new life of freedom. Our government of the people, by the people and for the people will live forever.
[Edit this paragraph] Gettysburg Address (English)
(abraham lincoln)
Eighty-seven years ago, our forefathers created a new country on this continent, which was conceived in freedom and pursued the principle that all men were created equal.
-Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether this country, or any country that was born here and pursues this road, can exist for a long time. We met on a great battlefield of that war. We are here to dedicate a part of this battlefield to those who gave their lives here as their final resting place. That country may survive. It is entirely appropriate for us to do so.
But, in a broader sense, we can't dedicate, sanctify or deify this land. The brave men who fought here, living and dead, have made this land sacred, which is far beyond our meager strength to increase or decrease. The world will not notice or remember what we said here for a long time, but it will never forget what they did here.
-We living people should devote ourselves here to the unfinished business that those who have fought here have so far nobly advanced. We should devote ourselves to the great mission left in front of us here-we get more dedication from these glorious dead-they gave all their last dedication to it-we are determined here-these dead people will not die in vain-this country will get a new life of freedom under the protection of God-this government of the people, by the people and for the people will not disappear from the earth.
Translator: (Reporter abraham lincoln)
Eighty and seven years ago, our father put forward the idea that this continent and this new country are free, and devoted himself to advocating that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war to test whether this country, or any country, can do so for a long time. We held a great battlefield war. We regard part of this place as the final resting place for those who gave their lives here. This country may survive. This is completely appropriate and correct, and we should do so.
However, in a broader sense, we can't give, we can't give, and we can't empty this reason. Brave people, living and dead, struggling here, it has sacred power, far beyond our poverty, increasing or decreasing. As long as we say here, the world will not notice or remember anything, but it will never forget what they do here.
This is about our lives, not about the unfinished work here. They are here to fight who is so advanced and noble so far. This is why we came here to devote ourselves to great taste, and the rest is in front of us-that is to say, from these glorious deaths, we increased our investment-which aroused their last complete dedication-and we made great determination here-these deaths must not die in vain-this country, under God's blessing, must have a new freedom-the government of this people, the people.
Life of Lincoln (1809- 1865)
Abraham lincoln was the 6th president of the United States. He led the great struggle to save the Union and end slavery. Although he only received a little elementary education in the frontier and had little experience in holding public office, his keen insight and profound humanitarian consciousness made him the greatest president in American history.
Lincoln 1809 was born at dawn on February 12, 2002 in a cabin 3 miles south of Hall, Harding County, Kentucky. In his own words, his childhood was "a concise chronicle of poverty". When he was a child, he helped his family move firewood, carry water and do farm work. At the age of nine, his mother died, which was a cruel blow to Lincoln. Fortunately, his stepmother is very kind to him and often urges him to study. He has a harmonious relationship with his stepmother. Later, when he grew up, Lincoln began to make a living independently. He worked as a farm employee, stonemason, boatman and so on.
1830, the Lincoln family moved to Illinois, where he made his first political speech. Because he attacked slavery and put forward some suggestions beneficial to public utilities, Lincoln had an influence on the public, and with his outstanding personality, he was elected as a state senator in 1834. Two years later, Lincoln became a lawyer through self-study and soon became the Whig leader of the state legislature. 1846, he was elected to the us house of representatives.
1854, the bourgeoisie who advocated the abolition and restriction of slavery in the northern States established the Republican Party, and Lincoln soon became the leader of this new party. 1858 delivered a famous speech "Family Disputes", demanding that the development of black slaves be restricted and the motherland be unified. The speech expressed the wishes of the northern bourgeoisie and the people of the whole country, thus winning great prestige for Lincoln. 1860, Lincoln was elected as the Republican candidate as the16th president of the United States.
Shortly after Lincoln took office, slave owners in the South started a civil war. In this war, Lincoln shouldered a heavy responsibility, which was unmatched by most American presidents in the past. However, he performed his duties with extraordinary perseverance and determination. Even when he was vilified, he never wavered in his direction: restoring the union and abolishing slavery. 1862 In September, Lincoln published the famous The Emancipation Proclamation, announcing the abolition of slavery and the liberation of slaves. 1June, 864, the civil war ended with victory in the north, marking the complete collapse of slavery.
Because of Lincoln's outstanding achievements, he was re-elected as the president of the United States on1October 8, 1864+065438. However, before Lincoln put his postwar policy into practice, tragedy happened. 1April, 8651On the evening of the 4th, Lincoln was assassinated at Ford Theater in Washington. The murderer is a deranged actor who sympathizes with the south. 18 On April 5, 1965, abraham lincoln died at the age of 56. After Lincoln's death, his body was mourned by the masses for more than two weeks in the city of 14, and then buried in Prinsfield.
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When the goods arrived in the south, they witnessed the cruelty of slave owners and the cruel torture of slaves. After he became a member of parliament, he often made money.
Speaking in the performance and attacking slavery are very influential among the masses. 1854, the Republican Party of the United States was founded because it advocated
Lincoln participated in the abolition of slavery, and two years later, he was nominated as a vice presidential candidate at the first national congress. he
In his campaign speech, he said, "We fought for freedom and the abolition of slavery until our constitution promised to discuss ourselves."
From then on, until the whole vast country, only free workers worked in the sun and rain. "
1858, when Lincoln was running for the Senate in Illinois, he published an article entitled "Broken House".
In his speech, he compared the coexistence of the North-South system to "a cracked house". He said, "A building is cracked.
Our house is untenable, and I believe this government cannot remain semi-slave and semi-free forever. "Lincoln's speech
Lively and simple, it expresses the demands of the northern bourgeoisie and reflects the wishes of the people of the whole country, so for him.
Won a great reputation.
1860, Lincoln was elected president of the United States.
Lincoln's election posed a serious threat to the interests of southern planters. They certainly don't want to advocate the abolition of slavery.
The system of people being president. In order to regain their long-held national leadership, they launched a rebellion before Lincoln took office.
Chaos. 1860 12, South Carolina was the first to declare its independence from the Federation, followed by Mississippi and Florida.
Slave-holding States such as Florida also seceded from the Union. 186 1 February, they announced the establishment of the American confederation.
Jefferson Davis, a big planter, was elected president and formulated a "Constitution", declaring that black slavery was the foundation of the Confederacy.
National Foundation: "Blacks can't be equal to whites, and black slave labor is a natural and normal state."
1861April 12, the confederacy declared war and quickly captured sumter where the federal government troops were stationed.
Plug. Lincoln had to declare his opposition to southern operations. Lincoln himself did not advocate the abolition of slavery in a radical way. He thought it was possible.
In a peaceful way, the key is to maintain the unity of the Federation by first limiting slavery and then gradually abolishing it. In this kind of thinking,
Under the control of China, the northern government did not prepare for the war at all, but rushed to fight, while the south had planned for a long time and had the advantage.
Good equipment and well-trained troops, so although the North has advantages in many aspects, it is still defeated by the South.
Even the capital, Washington, was almost breached by rebels.
The defeat of the north on the battlefield aroused strong dissatisfaction among the broad masses of the people, and demonstrations broke out in many cities, demanding that the government
Take measures to reverse the situation. At this time, Lincoln realized that in order to win this war, we must mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers and waste them.
Except serfdom and emancipation.
Attacked the fortress several times, but failed. 1863 In April, Grant implemented a new attack plan, which was destroyed first.
All the strongholds around the fortress, and then surround Vicksburg. The navy also came to help, attacking from land and water at the same time, which was very fierce.
Shelling the fortress, the deafening sound of guns has been ringing for 47 days. On July 4, the rebels trapped in the fortress ran out of ammunition and were killed.
Forced to surrender, the northern army captured 29,000 rebels this time.
Then, the northern army quickly pursued the rebels with the autumn wind sweeping away the leaves, and captured the rebels on April 3 1863.
Richmond, the capital. On April 9th, Robert Lee, commander-in-chief of the rebels, led more than 28,000 people to Abo Mattox village in Ge Xiang.
Rand surrendered. The four-year civil war ended in victory in the north.
The civil war is called the second American revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation. But slaves
God hates him very much. 1865 On the evening of April 14, Lincoln was taken away by the south when he was watching a play at the Ford Theatre in Washington.
A thug bought by a Fang slave owner was assassinated. Lincoln's unfortunate death caused great shock at home and abroad, and the American people were deeply saddened.
In memory of him, more than 7 million people stopped on both sides of the road to pay tribute to the funeral procession, and 6.5438+0.5 million people paid tribute to Lincoln's legacy.
Rong. Lincoln was an outstanding politician who made great contributions to the development of American society and was praised by the American people.
Worship, in the eyes of Americans, his prestige even exceeds that of Washington.
8.( 1) Red Apricot
(2) Lotus
(3) Peach blossom
(4) Spring breeze
(5) Spring silkworm
Spring is coming
9. Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous.
That's all. Yes!
thank you