Do you want to go to a nursing home when you are old? I believe many people will shake their heads. However, not long ago, a CCTV news reported that public pension institutions in many big cities in China were "hard to find a bed", and a survey by Zero Survey Company also showed that 70% of adults accepted community pension. Why do people give up the old idea of "killing people and not going to nursing homes"? Han Buxin, director of Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, unveiled the truth behind this change. "Whether at home or abroad, there are three main ways to provide for the aged: family pension, community pension and social pension." Han Buxin introduced. Family pension refers to the well-known family pension; Social pension generally means that the elderly live in public or private nursing homes, welfare homes, sanatoriums and nursing homes at their own expense, and get corresponding medical and nursing services; Community support for the aged is an intermediate form of the former two, which means that the elderly live at home at night, continue to be taken care of by their families, and enjoy day care, housekeeping, food delivery and other services provided by community support institutions during the day.

So, what is the occupancy rate of those community and social pension institutions? China News reported that Beijing No.1 Welfare Institute and Shanghai No.1 Social Welfare Institute were overcrowded, and the number of people waiting in line for appointments exceeded 1000. In Tianjin, compared with the institutional pension needs of nearly 6.5438+0.6 million elderly people, there are less than 20,000 beds in the city, which is a drop in the bucket. In a community nursing home in Chaoyang District visited by the reporter, 50 beds have also reached saturation. "As long as the material conditions meet the requirements, it is in line with the psychological needs of this group for the elderly to go out for the elderly." Han Buxin told reporters, "In addition to the lower-level needs such as physiology and safety, people also need to meet the three psychological needs of belonging and love, self-esteem and self-realization." For the elderly who don't want to be regarded as "old, weak, sick and disabled" by the younger generation, the old-age care institutions provide the conditions of "companionship", which meets the needs of social communication, belonging, equality and respect of the elderly, and single elderly people have more opportunities to find "second spring".

On the other hand, adopting community or social support for the elderly can just fill the poverty and emptiness of the "empty nest" elderly in their spiritual life. As early as 2003, domestic psychologist Fan et al. selected 220 elderly people in community nursing homes or nursing homes and 220 elderly people over 70 years old who did not live with their children, and found that the physical conditions of the two groups were similar, but the psychological and social functions of the former were obviously superior to the latter. "However, as far as the current reality is concerned, social pension institutions have not fully kept up with the current demand for old-age care in terms of quantity and quality. The biggest and most feasible development trend is community pension. " Han Buxin's analysis is very consistent with the data of Zero Survey Company.

Specifically, community-based care for the elderly is a win-win strategy, which enables the elderly to enjoy the warmth of their families and the recognition of their peers. In addition, institutions such as community universities for the elderly also provide opportunities for "providing for the elderly", making the elderly feel more valuable than having children.

Undeniably, under the traditional concept of "filial piety comes first", there are still people who reject old-age care institutions. "Feeling humiliated and abandoned are possible negative emotions." Finally, Han Buxin said, "However, it is only a matter of time before these old people who grew up after the founding of the People's Republic of China admit their needs and abandon their old ideas."