183 1 Zhou Fujiu, from Gaotang Township, Luling County, Ji 'an, Jiangxi Province. Zhou Fujiu lost his father at the age of four. Fu Jiuzhi studied in a private school for several years. /kloc-When he was 0/6 years old, he was recommended by his uncle to be an apprentice in a silk shop opened by a fellow villager in Xiangtan, Hunan. This silk business involves Guangdong, Anhui, Zhejiang and other provinces. Zhou Fujiu was deeply appreciated by the shopkeeper during the silk number. Before the apprentice is full, contact the business, run the purchase and urge the payment. Because of his hard work and wit, he is appreciated by his husband and boss. After three years of apprenticeship, he became a gentleman. At the age of 22, he was sent to Guangzhou by the shopkeeper as a guest.
Just as Zhou Fujiu was soaring, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement broke out, and the Taiping Army approached Guangdong, Hunan and other places. The shop mainly helps nine people to collect debts quickly, and they have money to collect money, but no money to offset it with valuable objects. At that time, salt merchants implemented the "ticket law", and the government issued after-tax salt tickets to salt merchants. The first ticket could sell 800 to 2000 kilograms of salt. Salt merchants can not only buy and sell salt by ticket, but also sell salt tickets to others to distribute salt. Therefore, whoever has more salt tickets can make a fortune. However, after the Taiping Revolution, the value of salt tickets fell sharply, and each ticket was only worth 20 taels of silver. So Zhou Fujiu collected 25 salt tickets when he was collecting debts. Unexpectedly, the price of the salt ticket fell again and again until it was worthless and became waste paper. The store owner said that he didn't want to pay debts. After deducting his salary to compensate for the losses, 25 salt tickets were also owned by Zhou Fujiu. In A.D. 1864, after the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the ticket law was restored and salt tickets became more and more valuable.
Zhou Fujiu returned to his hometown to set up a stall to make a living. At this time, the price of salt tickets rises again and again, and a ticket can be worth four or five hundred taels of silver. One day, he found the 25 salt tickets in his wife's sewing basket. It turned out that his wife found a salt ticket at the foot of the bed when she was cleaning the room, but she didn't know what it was and put it in the sewing basket. Zhou Fujiu was overjoyed and rented the salt ticket to a salt merchant. Since then, his wealth has been increasing and his business has been growing. Exactly: it's a blessing to collect salt tickets and lose them. As a result, Zhou Fujiu made a fortune with 25 salt tickets.
After Zhou Fujiu became rich, he not only continued to be a salt ticket against businessmen, but also used the accumulated capital to open banks in Changsha and Changde. In this way, he had both salt and money. In less than 20 years, in addition to Changsha and Changde, Wuhan, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Xuzhou, Nanchang, Jiujiang, Ganzhou, Ji 'an, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhu and Xiangtan all have his money houses. It is said that there is a street in Hankou that is his property, and it is called "Hankou Street". Later, he took a seat in Shanghai, and banks and saltworks all over the country appointed their cronies as boring (managers). He has three positive conditions when appointing managers from all over the world. First of all, he is steady, honest and reliable. Second, he has served in his store for a long time, at least 5 years; Third, have a relationship with him in one way or another. Therefore, among the managers in his village, Ji' an County accounts for the majority.
Just when Zhou Fujiu's life was on the right track, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement broke out. Considering the war, Silk asked Zhou Fujiu to recover the debts he owed quickly. If he had no money, he could use valuables to offset it. At that time, salt merchants implemented the "ticket method", and a salt ticket could sell 400 to 1000 Jin of salt. Therefore, salt tickets are wealth. However, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the value of salt tickets fell sharply, and the value of 25 salt tickets collected by Zhou Fujiu during debt collection fell again and again, becoming a pile of waste paper. The shopkeeper immediately refused to accept the salt coupons collected by Zhou Fujiu to pay off his debts, and compensated his losses by deducting Zhou Fujiu's salary.
After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, salt tickets became more and more valuable, and a salt ticket could be worth more than 520 taels of silver. One day, Zhou Fujiu came across the 25 salt tickets in his wife's sewing basket. Zhou Fujiu withdrew the salt ticket and was overjoyed. He immediately sold salt tickets to salt merchants and gained a lot of wealth. From then on, Zhou Fujiu made a fortune with this first bucket of gold, and his business grew bigger and bigger.
After Zhou Fujiu made a fortune with salt tickets, his family moved to Yangzhou and opened a salt shop and a bank. After years of hard work, he became the largest salt merchant in Yangzhou. He is not only engaged in the transportation and sale of salt, but also engaged in the production and harvest of salt. His salt shops and salt walls are distributed in various fields in Thailand and Thailand. All Cao Yan yards in Thailand are commercial walls, and 37 wall vendors control 1035 pairs of salt frying furnaces. Zhou Fujiu is the largest salt merchant in Yangzhou. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, due to the eastward movement of the sea, the salt industry in Huainan declined, and it was the general trend to abandon the stove and promote reclamation. Zhou Fujiu urged Zhang Jian of Nantong to organize Dafeng Salt Company in Caoyanchang. Zhou Fujiu said at a promoter meeting: "Our bureau and Liu Fu (Liu Tiqing) initiated it first, and hereby accept your sponsorship." When Dafeng Salt Reclamation Company was established, Zhou Fujiu said: "We should consider a number of shares, except round shares." As he said, he not only bought shares at a price of 430,000 yuan at one time, but also invested 65,438+10,000 yuan in cash to subscribe for several shares. Dafeng Salt Reclamation Company has a fixed share capital of 2 million yuan, and Zhou Fujiu's share capital plus cash is as high as 530,000 yuan, accounting for more than 1/4 of the total investment of the whole company. This is a great contribution to the rational development and utilization of Dafeng beach resources. An enlightened salt merchant like Zhou Fujiu is unique in Huaibei.
During the Revolution of 1911, northern Jiangsu was in turmoil, and Zhou Fujiu moved to Shanghai for a long time. At that time, the commercial center of Shanghai was in the area of Sima Road and Pan Qi Street. Later, Nanjing Road and Beijing Road were still rural areas, and the land price was very cheap. Zhou Fujiu bought many properties in Hongmiao area. When Nanjing Road becomes the commercial center of Shanghai, Zhou Fujiu's property will be gold.
At the end of Guangxu, Zhou Fujiu moved from traditional commerce to emerging industries, and from Yangzhou to emerging industrial and commercial city Shanghai. Zhou Fujiu left Yangzhou with his family and went to Shanghai to buy a lot of land around Hongmiao. When Nanjing Road became a commercial center, Zhou Fujiu made another fortune. Zhou Fujiu also bought a large number of properties in Hankou, Nanchang, Jiujiang and Ji 'an, and several suites in Ji 'an were built by Zhou Fujiu. While Zhou Fujiu invested a lot of land, Zhou Fujiu entered the gold trading in Shanghai, and his assets expanded fivefold, becoming a gold tycoon in Shanghai.
When Zhou Fujiu's family moved to Shanghai, he was over sixty, but he was still struggling in business. In addition to real estate and gold business, he also founded Nantong Cotton Mill, the largest cotton mill in China at that time, together with Zhang Qian, the champion of the Qing Dynasty. Zhou Fujiu cooperated with Zhang Xun to establish the first Jiujiang Huafeng Cotton Mill in Jiangxi, and later changed it to nine planets Cotton Mill. In his later years, he was ambitious. Joined hands with Tao Jiayao, Governor of Jiangxi Province in the early Republic of China to invest in Nanxun Railway from Nanchang to Jiujiang. After Zhou Fujiu was in Shanghai, he was as rich as an enemy, with assets of 52 million silver. Zhou Fujiu's business is unbeaten for life.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the salt of Xiao family and the money of Zhou family circulated in Yangzhou, saying that two rich men in Ji 'an, Jiangxi Province held up half the sky in Yangzhou. There was a popular saying in Yangzhou that year: "Zhou's money is Xiao's salt." "Zhou" here refers to Zhou Fujiu, a great man of the Republic of China, and "Xiao" refers to Xiao Yunfu, a salt merchant in Yangzhou who was contemporary with Zhou Fujiu. People call it "Xiao" and "Zhou", which shows that Xiao's wealth is also huge. In many articles, Xiao Yunfu is described as the last big boss of Yangzhou salt industry. After Xiao Yunfu and others, Yangzhou's salt industry empire went to dusk.
Zhou Fujiu started as an apprentice in a money house opened by a fellow villager in Hunan, then started in salt industry, and then engaged in modern industries such as finance, real estate and textiles. , has opened dozens of banks, salt shops, shops, factories and companies in Nanchang, Wuhan, Zhenjiang, Nantong, Changsha, Changde, Xuzhou and Yangzhou. How many properties and fields did Zhou Fujiu leave in the process of operating all over the country? Zhou Fu has 96 sons, 1 1 grandchildren, and no one knows. By 1950, only one of his daughter-in-law had a title deed and 30,000 mu of cotton fields. By the beginning of the Cultural Revolution in 1966, public houses finally got a fixed interest rate, and only one of his granddaughters got a quarterly fixed interest rate of 24,000 yuan, so some people said that Zhou Fujiu's property was extremely rich. There are four reasons for Zhou Fujiu's death: first, his grandson's business talent is far less than Zhou Fujiu's. Second, the business scope covers several southern provinces, and the heirs of the nine families of Zhoufu are beyond their reach. Subordinate managers engage in malpractices for personal gain and lose money. Second, the current situation is turbulent, warlords are fighting, and warlords are pressing each other for loans and demands, and they suffer. Third, children and grandchildren are wasted, families are unfortunate, and they have been robbed repeatedly. Zhou's descendants are mostly in Shanghai, but also in Taiwan Province Province and Hongkong.
The ancients said: "I don't want Huang Jingui, I hope all my descendants are wise." Zhou Fujiu started with 25 salt tickets, managed for decades, accumulated tens of millions of wealth, married a wife and three concubines, and had six young children. Although the eldest and the second were married, they both died young, and the third also died young. Brother Zhou Huige, the fourth son, was appointed as a class donor in Henan, but he never arrived. Zhou Xifan, the fifth youngest, worked as a seven-product junior Beijing official, but in order to please Prince Su, he gambled and spent 6.5438+0 million yuan. Only six-year-old Zhou Yiqing is in charge of business, but he is far worse than Zhou Fujiu. His five-year-old only son was kidnapped, so he became depressed and died prematurely. Of Zhou Fujiu's six sons, three died prematurely or prematurely, and the remaining three had no ambition to start a business. After Zhou Fujiu's death, his son spent money like water, and Zhou Fujiu I was a hero and rich as an enemy. Unfortunately, there are no heroes, and the business talents of future generations are far less than that of Zhou Fujiu, and no one has successfully developed Zhou's career.
"You haven't been in the Jianghu for many years, and there are legends about you in the Jianghu." Among the salt merchants in Yangzhou, Zhou Fujiu is always a topic figure, which is recorded in the official history, recorded in unofficial history and passed down from mouth to mouth.
At the end of Guangxu, the coastline moved eastward and the salt production continued to decline. Zhou Fujiu shifted his business direction and turned his interest to reclamation. Liu Tiqing, another salt merchant, invited Zhang Jian, an industrialist from Nantong, to set up Dafeng Salt Field Co., Ltd. in Caoyanchang, becoming the largest shareholder, reclaiming salt fields and planting cotton. Greatly promoted the development of cotton planting in Dafeng area. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, due to the eastward movement of the sea, the salt industry in Huainan declined, and it was the general trend to abandon the stove and promote reclamation. Under the influence of Zhang Jian in Nantong, Zhou Fujiu actively advocated abandoning stoves to promote reclamation. In the 6th year of the Republic of China (19 17), Zhou Fujiu and another wall merchant, Liu Tiqing, invited Zhang Jian to set up Dafeng Salt Field Company-Taicaoyan Farm. In addition to pricing all the land, he also invested 10 million yuan in cash. Dafeng Salt Reclamation Company has a fixed share capital of 2 million yuan, all of Zhou Fujiu's land is converted into shares at a discount, and the cash share is as high as 530,000 yuan, accounting for more than a quarter of the total investment of the whole company. Zhou Fujiu said at a promoter meeting: "Our bureau and Liu Fu (Liu Tiqing) initiated it first, and hereby accept your sponsorship." When Dafeng Salt Reclamation Company was established, Zhou Fujiu said: "We should consider a number of shares, except round shares." As he said, he not only bought shares at a price of 430,000 yuan at one time, but also invested 65,438+10,000 yuan in cash to subscribe for several shares. Dafeng Salt Reclamation Company has a fixed share capital of 2 million yuan, and Zhou Fujiu's share capital plus cash is as high as 530,000 yuan, accounting for more than 1/4 of the total investment of the whole company. This is a great contribution to the rational development and utilization of Dafeng beach resources. An enlightened salt merchant like Zhou Fujiu is unique in Huaibei. Dafeng Company has a total area of about 700 square kilometers and a planned area of 74,700 hectares. It is divided into 35 districts, with the largest scale of Huainan Salt Reclamation Company. The appearance of Dafeng Company is inseparable from the strength of Zhou Fujiu.
At the same time, Zhou Fujiu also took a fancy to the gold trading in Shanghai and became one of the financial markets in Shanghai. Because of its strength, buying at a low price and waiting for the price to sell can often make huge profits. During the First World War, the Beiyang government declared war on Germany, and the turmoil continued, and the price of gold plummeted. Many businessmen throw money and lose everything. Zhou Fujiu did the opposite, mobilizing a lot of money and buying in large quantities. Shortly after the war, the price of gold soared three or four times, and Zhou Fujiu made a fortune. In fact, Zhou Fujiu is already a gold giant in Shanghai's financial market.
Zhou Fujiu is over 60 years old at this time, and he is still working hard in business; He and Zhang Jian, the champion of the Qing Dynasty, co-founded the largest Nantong cotton mill in China at that time. "Braided Handsome" zhang xun restoration failed and returned to Jiangxi. Zhou Fujiu cooperated with him to establish the first Jiujiang Huafeng Cotton Mill in Jiangxi, which was later changed to nine planets Cotton Mill. In his later years, he was ambitious. Joined hands with Tao Jiayao, Governor of Jiangxi Province in the early years of the Republic of China, and invested in Nanxun Railway from Nanchang to Jiujiang.
There are four reasons why Zhou Fujiu is so rich:
1. "Grain returned to warehouse", all businesses related to salt affairs, including Yantian, Salt Ship, Salt Company and Qian Ku, are controlled by ourselves, and all profits are returned.
2. Adjust the business direction in time, such as reclaiming salt fields, setting up spinning mills and building real estate.
3. Dare to fight and have excellent luck. For example, in Shanghai's gold business, Zhou Fujiu, who was lucky, made a fortune, but Colin, who was unlucky, went bankrupt.
4. scrimp and save, cherish every penny you earn, and gather sand into a tower.
After Zhou Fujiu's death, his family fortune gradually declined for the following reasons:
First, the political situation changes, the state controls the salt industry, and other industries are impacted by competition from all sides. His son and grandson are far less talented in business than Zhou Fujiu.
Second, the business scope covers several southern provinces, and the heirs of the nine families of Zhoufu are beyond their reach. Subordinate managers engage in malpractices for personal gain and lose money.
Third, the current situation is turbulent, wars continue, taxes, fees and military expenditures are heavily shared, and the consumption is huge.
Fourth, children and grandchildren are wasted, their families are unfortunate, they are repeatedly robbed and their wealth is lost.
Zhou Fujiu (183 1- 1920) is a famous Peng Juan, whose name is Zepeng and whose name is Lingyun. He is a native of Gaotang Township, Luling County, Ji 'an County, Jiangxi Province. He was the largest salt merchant in Yangzhou, China, the king of Shanghai, the gold tycoon in Shanghai and the industrialist in China in modern times. His assets reached 50 million taels of silver.
183 1 Zhou Fujiu, from Gaotang Township, Luling County, Ji 'an, Jiangxi Province. Zhou Fujiu lost his father at the age of four. Fu Jiuzhi studied in a private school for several years. /kloc-When he was 0/6 years old, he was recommended by his uncle to be an apprentice in a pen and ink shop in Yong Bok Chu, Xiangtan, Hunan. This silk business involves Anhui, Zhejiang and other provinces. Zhou Fujiu was deeply appreciated by the shopkeeper during the silk number. Before the apprentice is full, contact the business, run the purchase and urge the payment.
Just when Zhou Fujiu's life was on the right track, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement broke out. Considering the war, Silk asked Zhou Fujiu to recover the debts he owed quickly. If he had no money, he could use valuables to offset it. At that time, salt merchants implemented the "ticket method", and a salt ticket could sell 400 to 1000 Jin of salt. Therefore, salt tickets are wealth. However, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the value of salt tickets fell sharply, and the value of 25 salt tickets collected by Zhou Fujiu during debt collection fell again and again, becoming a pile of waste paper. The shopkeeper immediately refused to accept the salt coupons collected by Zhou Fujiu to pay off his debts, and compensated his losses by deducting Zhou Fujiu's salary.
After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, salt tickets became more and more valuable, and a salt ticket could be worth more than 520 taels of silver. One day, Zhou Fujiu came across the 25 salt tickets in his wife's sewing basket. Zhou Fujiu withdrew the salt ticket and was overjoyed. He immediately sold salt tickets to salt merchants and gained a lot of wealth. From then on, Zhou Fujiu made a fortune with this first bucket of gold, and his business grew bigger and bigger.
After Zhou Fujiu made a fortune with salt tickets, his family moved to Yangzhou and opened a salt shop and a bank. After years of hard work, he became the largest salt merchant in Yangzhou. At the end of Guangxu, Zhou Fujiu left Yangzhou with his family and came to Shanghai. He bought a lot of land in the Hongmiao area. When Nanjing Road became a commercial center, Zhou Fujiu made another fortune. Zhou Fujiu also bought a large number of properties in Hankou, Nanchang, Jiujiang and Ji 'an, and several suites in Ji 'an were built by Zhou Fujiu. While Zhou Fujiu invested a lot of land, Zhou Fujiu entered the gold trading in Shanghai, and his assets expanded fivefold, becoming a gold tycoon in Shanghai.
When Zhou Fujiu's family moved to Shanghai, he was over sixty, but he was still struggling in business. In addition to real estate and gold business, he also founded Nantong Cotton Mill, the largest cotton mill in China at that time, together with Zhang Qian, the champion of the Qing Dynasty. Zhou Fujiu cooperated with Zhang Xun to establish the first Jiujiang Huafeng Cotton Mill in Jiangxi, and later changed it to nine planets Cotton Mill. In his later years, he was ambitious. Joined hands with Tao Jiayao, Governor of Jiangxi Province in the early Republic of China to invest in Nanxun Railway from Nanchang to Jiujiang. After Zhou Fujiu was in Shanghai, he was as rich as an enemy, with assets of 52 million silver. Zhou Fujiu's business is unbeaten for life.