Horticulture major: high employment rate and poor salary.
Author: Gao Sanshun Editor: Zhou Jun.
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From June 5 to February 2005, the author investigated the current situation of 20 graduates majoring in horticulture. It is found that the professional counterpart rate of this major (excluding postgraduate students) is 50% at graduation, and less than 30% two years after graduation. And among the remaining people, 80% expressed their willingness to change careers. Why do you want to change careers? Almost all respondents believe that poor treatment is the most critical reason.
"Only five students have professional counterparts." She Bin, a graduate of Hunan Agricultural University 200 1 Horticulture, lamented that there were more than 30 students in one class. When I just graduated, more than 10 students found jobs that basically matched. After a few years, they all left their careers and took the postgraduate entrance examination. "All five of us want to leave, but there is no suitable opportunity for the time being." She Bin is married, has a lovely baby, and works in Huaihua, Hunan-he said that he could not bear to leave his wife and children, or he would have left long ago.
Employment direction-scientific research institutions
Employment destination: agricultural research and agricultural research institutes, vegetable companies and other institutions.
Application method: Agricultural University campus job fair, professional website.
Employment: Due to the deepening of the market-oriented reform of agricultural products and the country's commitment to open the agricultural market after China's entry into WTO, China's agricultural science and technology foundation is weak, and the demand for agricultural high-quality talents in grass-roots scientific research institutes and various agricultural colleges is generally strong. In other words, as long as you are willing, it is relatively easy to find a job with a professional counterpart, but the salary is really low. The monthly income of Mr. She Bin mentioned above is only 700 yuan -800 yuan (excluding all kinds of insurance).
Planning and analysis: Generally, counterparts in horticulture are on the edge of the city, which is relatively remote (mostly in the suburbs) and the benefits are not very good. Students who have a solid professional foundation and want to make a big difference in this major, or just want to find a place to live temporarily and continue their graduate studies in the future, may choose a professional counterpart with a relatively lonely working environment and temporarily lower work pay.
Because the commonness of these units is that they have more time to control themselves and get in touch with experts from their peers, from whom they can learn some professional technologies such as new variety development. The former is beneficial to students preparing for postgraduate entrance examination, while the latter is beneficial to students preparing for starting a business.
Recommended courses: Applied Probability and Statistics, Genetics, Horticultural Plant Breeding, Horticultural Plant Cultivation, Horticultural Plant Pest Control, etc.
Employment direction 2 commercial organizations
Employment destination: agricultural science and technology park, gardening company.
Application methods: job fairs, professional gardening or agricultural websites, and self-recommendation.
Employment: Agriculture is the oldest industry on the earth. Science and technology agriculture has been called for many years, but it is only in recent years that it has really entered the rapid development track of marketization. The country has implemented the "vegetable basket project" for many years. In recent years, the policy support for agricultural products has gradually increased, which is bound to allow more and more capital and resources to enter the field of agricultural science and technology. Of course, the newly increased investment will create more employment opportunities, which reflects the broad development prospects of horticulture. For horticultural graduates in the direction of medicinal plants, the revival of the Chinese medicine market is also a good sign.
Planning Analysis: "Learning → Employment → Entrepreneurship" is the most common growth track for graduates majoring in horticulture. Once you decide to work hard in this field, you have to carefully plan each of the above three steps.
Learning, including theoretical knowledge learning and internship, is related to the professional background of the whole career and the starting point of the first employment after graduation. Some students always think that school textbooks are too boring and useless (most of them get "experience" from seniors). So what should I learn? This depends on your own practice, which is why career counselors always advise student clients to keep looking for internship opportunities from freshman year. In the process of internship, you can know what needs to be learned most from the needs of actual work and the mouths of old employees. On the other hand, what we have learned needs to be tested and corrected in practice. For example, the planning and design of the gardening field (garden) on the drawings may be very different from the actual construction under the condition of limited funds and space, so how to apply the planning theory learned to practice is an important work in the internship.
Employment direction 3 civil servants, postgraduate entrance examination
Employment destination: Agriculture Bureau or other administrative departments, postgraduate entrance examination.
Application methods: research recruitment examination, national unified civil service examination, and civil service examinations organized by various localities.
Employment situation: The competition in the civil service examination is fierce. I believe I don't need to waste my breath. Students majoring in horticulture must compete for administrative positions in agriculture if they want to have an advantage. The advantages of being admitted to the civil service are also obvious, that is, the job is stable and the treatment is guaranteed.
Planning and analysis: In 2005, the recruitment of civil servants became the first test in China, which fully proved the charm of this profession. Judging from the positions recruited by the state in recent years, prison guards and other relatively "biased" positions have the largest number. If you are not too demanding about salary and office location, then you are more likely to successfully apply for the positions recruited by these local governments.
There are two options for postgraduate entrance examination: one is to take the horticulture major, and the other is to transfer to other popular majors. In the choice of major, I believe that if you want to change your major, it must be because you regret choosing gardening as your undergraduate course. With this experience, I believe you will be more cautious.
Recommended courses: administrative capacity test, civil service law, speech and communication, etc.
The employment direction has changed four times.
Employment destination: all walks of life, mainly market jobs.
Planning and analysis: Marketing has always been the position with the largest number of recruits in the talent market, and it is also a position that really exercises and tests people. And the professional threshold is low. Therefore, in the author's investigation, most graduates majoring in horticulture choose market jobs after changing careers. In addition, a small number of people turn to ornamental gardening-this industry is booming in big cities.
Only by training their communication skills, increasing social experience and improving their familiarity with the sales situation of various industries can we ensure that graduates can successfully find suitable sales jobs when they graduate.
Recommended courses: marketing (including sales and marketing), consumer psychology, and participating in free sales training provided by some insurance companies.
Investigation on College Students' Employment: The closer the major is to the grassroots, the farther the employment is from the major.
China Net | Time: September 7, 2005 | Article Source: China Youth Daily
Sun Xi, a senior majoring in forestry from School of Resources and Environment, Beijing Forestry University, feels that the relationship between students and the grassroots is not close, but further. "Many students are intimidated by the grassroots environment." The employment situation of the graduates majoring in forestry in this school is roughly as follows: nearly half of the students have graduated from graduate school, most of them have gone to the provincial forestry department, the Academy of Forestry or paper mills and large companies in big cities, and some students have simply changed careers, such as computer and marketing industries.
"Arguably, the grass-roots forest farm is the most suitable place for our forestry major, and it is also the place where we can display our talents most. During the internship, the director of the forest farm gave us a salary of more than 2000 yuan per month. You know, the employee with the longest service time in the forest farm is only 300 yuan per month. Even so, there are very few students who are willing to go. " Sun Xi said.
College students don't want to go to the grass-roots work units that can best display their professional talents; The closer the major is to the grassroots level, the farther away college students will be when they are employed-this feeling shared by many college graduates in Sun Xi. This is what the reporter recently learned in an interview with graduates from China Agricultural University, Beijing Forestry University and China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing).
The major is close to the basic application, but many graduates prefer to take the postgraduate entrance examination.
Senior year is called "employment sprint year" by many teachers in the employment office of schools, but the first choice for many graduates is postgraduate entrance examination.
Ma Guoyu, director of the Career Guidance Service Center of China Agricultural University, said that most people are ready for the postgraduate entrance examination, and the number of graduate students in the school exceeds 1/3 of the total number of graduates. Wang Liping, deputy director of the Admissions and Employment Department of Beijing Forestry University, said: "Postgraduate entrance examination has become the thinking habit of many graduates, and it has become a common phenomenon that graduates are not employed." Joe, director of the Student Affairs Office of China University of Mining and Technology, said that postgraduate entrance examination is the first choice for senior students with good academic performance. Nearly 30% of the last undergraduate graduates of this school were admitted to the graduate school or graduate school.
Zhao Yi, a senior majoring in biological sciences in the College of Biology, China Agricultural University, said that more than 90% of the students in the class are preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination, and 80% of the students in the last class went to graduate school. "Our major is engaged in biological theory research. Undergraduate students are not competitive in employment. Grass-roots units do not have good experimental conditions and are of little use. It is the idea of most students that undergraduates are not employed. "
Feng, a senior majoring in geological engineering at China University of Mining and Technology, said that only three of the 25 students in the class did not plan to take the postgraduate entrance examination.
The reporter learned from more than a dozen departments, such as chemistry, animal science and biological science in the School of Science of China Agricultural University, urban planning, forestry and environmental science in the School of Landscape Architecture of Beijing Forestry University, and resource and environmental engineering and mining engineering in China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), that most graduates are fully prepared for the postgraduate entrance examination. The students said: as long as the postgraduate entrance examination is successful, you don't have to choose employment.
The postgraduate entrance examination was unsuccessful, and the graduates preferred big cities such as Beijing and provincial capital cities for employment. Some professional students seldom go to the grassroots. "I would rather have a bed in Beijing than a suite at the grassroots level in the west." Some students expressed their determination in this way.
Wang Liping, deputy director of the Admissions and Employment Department of Beijing Forestry University, said that the survey of graduates' employment intentions conducted by the school last year showed that 80% of graduates chose to stay in Beijing. "Many forestry technology-related majors in the school can be used in grass-roots forest farms", but in recent years, graduates who have not taken the postgraduate entrance examination have all gone to provincial forestry colleges and design and scientific research units, and almost no graduates who have gone to grass-roots forest farms can't stay.
Ma Guoyu, director of the Career Guidance Service Center of China Agricultural University, also said, "60% of the graduates stayed in Beijing." .
Li Hong, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the School of Science of China Agricultural University, said that most of the students looking for jobs stay in major trading companies, national scientific research institutions and foreign companies in Beijing, and the worst choice is to go to large pesticide production enterprises, "few students go to the grassroots".
According to the statistics of the Employment Guidance Center of the Student Office of China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), a considerable proportion of graduates are employed in Beijing. Director Qiao said: "In recent years, graduates have chosen to go to large coal mines, oil fields and scientific research units, and some have gone to central organs, enterprises and institutions."
A senior majoring in resources and safety engineering at China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) said: "Even if you can't get into graduate school, no one wants to go to the grassroots level, and the environment is not good;" What's more, we don't understand the grassroots. "
The closer the major is to the grass-roots work, the farther it is to find a job and major.
In China Agricultural University, Beijing Forestry University and China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), many graduates find that the closer their majors are to the reality of grass-roots work, the farther they are from their majors.
Luo Shukun, a major in biological sciences at China Agricultural University, said that the major in biological sciences is mainly engaged in theoretical research of biological sciences, which is far from the basic needs. In addition to taking the postgraduate examination in this field, undergraduate graduates have a good working environment and treatment, either entering the research institute of their major or entering the enterprises in the field of biology; Mismatching employment is rare.
At Beijing Forestry University, graduates majoring in urban planning and ornamental horticulture all said that their majors were far from the grassroots. Only in big cities will there be a market for urban planning and gardening flowers. Nie, who specializes in ornamental gardening, said that it is not difficult to find a job in a big city, with a monthly salary of several thousand yuan. "Few students give up their majors to engage in other industries, and most of the students who were employed in the last session stayed in big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou."
In sharp contrast with the above two majors, the animal science major of China Agricultural University studies how to raise cattle and pigs, how to process forage and produce feed. In theory, the employment direction is to go to grass-roots farms and feed mills, but in fact there are very few graduates in these places, and many students simply change careers in order to find jobs in big cities.
Hu Yaodong, a major in animal science, said that after four years in college, going to raise pigs in township farms was psychologically unacceptable to many people, and the treatment at the grassroots level was not very good. "Many graduates would rather sell feed as salesmen in Beijing than go to the grassroots."
Huang Jing, who graduated from the College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, majored in horticulture and studied how to make fruit trees yield more and flowers grow better. "This major is closely related to the grassroots. Fruit farmers and flower farmers really need our technical guidance, but later many students changed careers, some sold gardening products, some worked as secretaries in offices, and some became journalists and editors. "
In the impression of Yang Zhi, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the College of Animal Science and Technology of China Agricultural University, no one in the college has been to the grass-roots farm for many years. "It is very useful for graduates of our major to go to grass-roots farms, but most of them are willing to leave their hukou in big cities, and many people sell feed for marketing."
Beijing Forestry University's survey on graduates' employment shows that 20% of students' jobs have nothing to do with their majors. Wang Liping, deputy director of the School's Admissions and Employment Department, said that those who study horticulture engage in management and those who study forestry engage in marketing. "On the one hand, many grassroots forest farms can't recruit undergraduate graduates for many years. On the other hand, many students quit. Our professional setting, student training and job market cultivation all need to be reflected. "
The majors of China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) such as mining engineering, geological engineering and mineral processing engineering are closely integrated with the grass-roots units, and many units take the initiative to find graduates from this school. Qiao, director of the student affairs office of the school, said that the supply-demand ratio of some majors reached 1:6 or even greater, indicating that there is a great demand for these majors. But the phenomenon of professional mismatch in employment also occurs from time to time.
Some students change their major as soon as they enter university in order to stay in big cities.
Chen Long, a graduate of China Agricultural University, studied agronomy when he first entered the university, because he knew that this major had to deal with grass-roots agriculture. In his sophomore year, he applied to transfer to the popular land resource management major.
A mining major graduate from China University of Mining and Technology said that in order to stay in a big city, five or six students in the class changed their majors as soon as they entered the university, and many students applied for graduate studies in other majors, such as mechanics, civil engineering, archaeology and journalism. "Many students said that only after graduate school can they enter the scientific research units in big cities, or enter the leadership and management of enterprises, and they don't have to work in grassroots units."
Hu Yaodong, from China Agricultural University, said that many students who just entered the animal science major learned that they would deal with pig farms and cattle farms in the future, and immediately began to make various preparations, unwilling to continue to engage in this industry. "Some students are preparing to go abroad. Some students have been internship in various enterprises since their sophomore year, seeking other development opportunities. There are even many students who go to other professional courses to prepare for not being employed in this major in the future."
Rural regional development majors specialize in rural grassroots development. Two of the six students in Jiang Dormitory are graduates. Since their sophomore year, they have made it clear that they don't like this major and want to transfer to graduate school. Another student started to work part-time in an education company in the society from junior year. "Substituting for classes can earn more than 1500 a month, and I have also learned a lot of social experience. He will definitely not be engaged in this industry in the future. "
The major of chemistry in Science College of China Agricultural University mainly studies the development and application of pesticides. Several pesticide plant from Henan, Shandong and other grass-roots counties and cities come to school every year, but no students go. Li Hong, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the College, said that in order to stay in Beijing, one classmate once went to a private enterprise to sell beef, and another classmate once went to a private enterprise to sell chocolate, engaging in a job completely unrelated to his major. "In their view, the most important thing is to put down the account first. Once it is stable, you can find another job. "