My family used to breed local yellow cattle, Luxi yellow cattle and Simmental beef cattle, and accumulated certain cattle raising technology and experience. It is not difficult to understand that many people are troubled by the construction of cattle farms. Because most of these people are newcomers to raising cattle, everything is difficult at the beginning and they don't know how to operate. Next, I will talk to you about the construction process of cattle farm in combination with my previous practical experience in raising cattle.

First of all, it is necessary to generally clarify the number of breeding yellow cattle.

Before building a cattle farm, farmers should at least roughly calculate how many cows they can raise, and then consider the location and scale of the cattle farm, as well as the area of the cowshed and sports ground according to the number of cows. Taking Luxi yellow cattle as an example, it takes about 100 mu of land to breed 15 cows. Of course, if conditions permit, expanding the site area as much as possible will also be conducive to expanding the scale of breeding in the future.

Second, the location of the cattle farm is also very important.

The principles of cattle farm location are: conforming to the living habits and physiological characteristics of yellow cattle; To maximize the output value of yellow cattle; In order to fully save the cost of building cattle farms, we can use local materials and make rational use of all resources; Can not affect the local environment. To sum up, the key to the site selection of cattle farm is "high and dry terrain, good drainage, convenient transportation, convenient water intake, sufficient forage and far away from pollution".

Third, the layout of the cattle farm should be reasonable.

After the site selection of cattle farm is determined, reasonable layout and design are needed. The layout design of cattle farm should fully consider the scale, wind direction, topography and other factors, as well as ventilation in summer, warmth in winter, good lighting, epidemic prevention and disinfection. Usually, large-scale cattle farms are divided into five areas: management area, living area, production area, sick cattle isolation area and sewage treatment area. The production area is the core area. In addition to the cowshed, the dressing room, disinfection room, vehicle disinfection pool, forage warehouse and mechanical equipment warehouse should also be built.

Fourthly, the construction of cowshed is the core of cattle farm.

There are many classification methods of cowshed, which can be divided into bull barn, breeding cowshed, calf cowshed, fattening cowshed, breeding cowshed and isolated sick cowshed according to their uses. According to the sealing degree of the wall, it can be divided into closed barn, semi-open barn, open barn and shed barn; According to the building structure, it can be divided into single-row barn, double-row barn and multi-row barn. Remember a word, no matter which type of cowshed is adopted, it must be selected according to the local climate, breeding scale and breeding level. Here are two common cowsheds in northwest China.

1, shed cowshed

The barn is suitable for small-scale cattle farmers. It has no walls, only a ceiling, and the open space next to it is surrounded by fences, leaving a small door for breeders and cows to enter and exit, which is a simple cowshed. Its advantages are low cost, local materials can be used according to local conditions, and its disadvantages are poor heat preservation and low firmness. This cowshed, like the climate in the northwest, lost its value in the cold winter.

In hot summer, in order to avoid heatstroke of cattle, it is necessary to build a arbor for them in advance. The structure of the spindle is not complicated. Find useful things such as branches, crop straws, grass curtains, etc., and call family or friends for help, which can be completed in less than one day. In areas that are not particularly cold, you can also enclose the cowshed with plastic sheets to prevent the wind from drilling and let the cows pass the winter smoothly.

2. Plastic shed and cowshed

Plastic shed cowshed is a semi-open cowshed with good thermal insulation performance, which has been widely used in northern China in recent years. Its biggest advantage is good heat preservation in winter, which can provide a comfortable growth and development environment for yellow cattle. The plastic shed cowshed has walls on three sides, and the sunny side has only half of the walls and about one-third of the ceiling. When the weather is hot, you can bask in the sun in the open air, and when it is cold in winter, you can completely close it with bamboo plastic, which is very flexible to use.

Several points for attention in the construction of plastic shed cowshed: the construction direction of plastic shed cowshed should face south, which is beneficial to lighting, and the lighting surface should not be blocked by big trees or high walls; Choose a strong and light-transmitting film; In order to ensure the internal air circulation, it is necessary to set up the ventilation holes of the cowshed in plastic shed reasonably; The plastic film should have a reasonable slope, and the angle between the plastic film and the ground should be 55 degrees to 65 degrees.

finally

Many people are troubled by the construction of cattle farms, that is, they have no in-depth understanding of the relevant knowledge of cattle raising. From the site selection, layout planning and the construction of two ordinary cattle farms, I believe that friends who have carefully studied the above contents will never be confused about the construction of cattle farms again.