One said that he was from Zhenjiang (now Jiangsu). In his early years, his family was poor, but his qualifications were outstanding. Taiding for four years (1327), Jinshi. In July of the first year of Tian Li (1328), he took the position of General Shi Lang and was appointed as a scholar, Huachi, and the secretariat of Zhenjiang Road. During his term of office, he took discipline as the top priority and personally wrote a plaque for the secretary as a "good education" to encourage himself. In July of the second year of Shunzhi (133 1), he was transferred to Jiangnanxing Yushitai for three years. During his tenure, Wu Chu in the south, Jingchu in the west, Youyan and Shangdu in the north, sang with Zhang Yu, Ni Zan and Ma Jiu, and wrote masterpieces such as Nostalgia for Jinling in the Red River, Niannujiao Town, Dengbei Ancient City Tower, and Looking for Female Ballads.
In August of the second year of Tong Yuan (1334), he was transferred to Zhao Mo, where he was appointed secretary of the anti-corruption and clean government of Yannan (now Zhengding, Hebei). I was transferred at the beginning of the following year. As a ceremonial officer, he accompanied Ji Xian, a bachelor, to Tuo Lei by boat to sacrifice in a calm cinema, and then went to Hejian and Cangzhou to inspect the prison. Later, in the spring of the second year of Yuan Dynasty (1336), he went south to Fujian and served as the governor of Fujian (Fuzhou), passing through Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Pingjiang, Hangzhou, Tonglu, Lanxi, Xianxialing, Chong 'an and Jianxi, leaving his poems.
In August of the third year of Yuan Dynasty (1337), he moved to the Anti-corruption and Integrity Inspection Department of Hebei Road in Yannan, and was promoted to Qipin, and took office in the winter of the same year. So far, he has written more than 400 poems in his life. Maybe he died young because he was weak. There are still some sayings about Sadula's later years, that he lived in seclusion in the Wulin (Hangzhou), but he was at a loss about mountains and rivers, and finally went to Sikong and Taibai Mountain in Taihu Lake as Fang Guozhen's staff. Sadulla claimed to be "famous among Confucianism" and was deeply influenced by Confucianism. As an honest official, his achievements are also commendable. He is good at writing regular script, and his main achievement is poetry creation. Because of his humble official position, Yuan people put him on a par with Guan Yunshi, Ma Zuchang and Yu Que. However, later generations highly praised him and listed him as the first poet in Yuan Dynasty. Because officials travel north and south, they are tolerant of Wan Li's scenic spots and customs, and they are also northerners' temperament, which combines the strengths of the previous generation without copying their predecessors. Poetry is prepared for all, with vigorous words, strong sense of rhythm and a clear and open atmosphere. The collection of poems includes Yanmen Collection (three volumes, six volumes, eight volumes and twenty volumes), Poems of Santianxi (ten volumes), Poems Outside the Collection (one volume) (carved with golden hair), Poems of Santianxi (carved in the sun) and Poems of Ten Scenes of West Lake, etc.
Literary Creation Sadulla left us nearly 800 poems in his life, including landscape poems describing scenery, poems describing palace life, poems mourning the past and hurting the present, and complaints about personal and social injustice. He is a poet who occupies a certain position in the Yuan Dynasty and even in the whole history of China literature. Because he was born in Daizhou and was called Yanmen in ancient times, his poems are also called "Yanmen Collection" and he himself is also called "Yanmen gifted scholar". Yan Men Ji was first published in the Yuan Dynasty, with eight volumes, but it has been lost. The existing edition is the engraving of Salon in the 12th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty 14, and the collection is relatively complete. 1982, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House published The Wild Gate Collection compiled by Yin Menglun and Zhu Guangqi. Sadulla also has a preface to Wuyi Poetry Collection 1 piece. Up to now, there are still some paintings, such as Yanling Diaotai Map and Meique, which are now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
Sadulla is knowledgeable and good at writing regular script. His literary creation is mainly poetry. The content of poetry, such as sightseeing, seclusion, worship of god and praise of Buddha, is of low ideological value. In his poems "Send Marshal Guan to the South" and "Send Liu Guilin", he even supported the rulers to suppress the uprising people. However, some poems involved the dark reality of the Yuan society and reflected the class oppression at that time. For example, Datong Post, Moonlit Night on the Yellow River, Female Ballad, Weaver Girl and so on. , reflecting the miserable life of working people. On the one hand, it describes farmers' "cooking smoke moves huts, and autumn rice ridges." Try new things before you try, and the official rent is urgent. On the other hand, it describes your son's "fighting cocks in five ways and singing high-rise buildings", revealing the class contradictions in Yuan Dynasty society with strong contrast. Some poems boldly satirize the corruption and evil of the ruling class, pointing not only to the county magistrate and Wang Sungui, but also to the supreme ruler. The poem "Notes" uses the phrase "I only know the three biographies of the jade seal, but I don't know that the wandering souls are separated by nine. Huang Wu also shed tears in the sky, and human flesh and blood can meet ",which revealed that timur, the second son of Yuan Wuzong, usurped his elder brother's position, which was not found in the official history and was called" the history of poetry ". Some poems express the political thought of serving the people and making great efforts to govern the country, such as "Send Zhu Junyin" and "Send Guang Xin Si Prison". Poems such as "Zhang Zishan, Hunan Province, hand-picked the first person, impeached powerful people, moved to Xitai to make suggestions, devoted himself to it, and was famous for giving up his ambition, so he was good at persuading it", and Lao Dao and Dust Mirror expressed the author's desire to serve the country with the world as his duty. Poems such as Crossing Juyongguan and Painting Horse Map express the anti-war thought of the militaristic ruler of the Yuan Dynasty, that is, "Men plow and women weave the world to make peace and never fight". These works are the essence of Sadulla's poetry.
Sadulla wrote few poems before the exam. A poem "Shu Huai" says: "Youth carries me, and yellow leaves fly mercilessly." Roughly revealed his mood during this time. He has been to Zhenjiang and reached Hanyang upstream along the Yangtze River. The poem "Nine Days in the Guest" says: "Meet at every festival and do business far away". He seems to have left his hometown to do business, but he is not keen on doing business. He pays special attention to landscapes. He wrote picturesque lyric poems such as The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. For him, scenery is more attractive than goods and money. He doesn't want to pursue money and profits all his life. He said in the poem "Sit tight": "It is shameless to seek happiness naturally and think less about money. It's just wine to see flowers in spring, and cotton in winter. Often the chess game will increase and decrease, and it will be smoked when it is fragrant. Everything is justified, why worry about it? " The poet Sadulla is an optimist. No matter in good times or bad times, he can keep calm and take it in stride. His attitude towards life and outlook on life influenced his poetry creation. Most of his poems reveal optimism of loving life. He first entered the officialdom in Zhenjiang, where he had been on business. As in the past, he visited scenic spots, climbed Gu Bei Tower, visited Helin Temple, found a Taoist temple for monks, and drank and wrote poems. He hates the life of vulgar officials and wants to be a poet. He left a lot of landscape poems in his life. He has a poem "Traveling to the Mountain Temple with Yang Lian", which says: "Helping the sick is strong and synchronous, not for fun. Whenever monks wear bamboo, they play the flute and smell the forest. The mountains are floating and the streams are in the wild. Going home at night, the shadows of the trees and the moon. " In search of seclusion shows that he takes pleasure in mountains and rivers. According to Xu's "Zhejiang Celebrities", when living in Hangzhou in his later years, "it's sunny, and it's feasible to hang a gourd ladle on his shoulder without using his feet. Those who can't reach deep rocks and valleys are poor and quiet. Sitting on the grass when you are proud, you can't walk all day. When I am happy, I will send it as a poem. " Compared with Xie Lingyun, the founder of landscape poetry, his enthusiasm for landscape is even worse. No wonder his description of mountains and rivers is so realistic.
Sadulla spent most of his life in Jiangnan. In a beautiful environment, he wrote many pleasing poems. However, he served as an official in the Hanlin National History Institute twice and gained a little knowledge in the palace. At that time, he was also famous for writing palace poems and lyrical Yuefu. His friend Yang Weizhen's Preface to Zhi Zhu's Poems said: "Tianxi's poems are romantic and beautiful, and they are composed of family style, palace poems and hibiscus songs. Although Wang Jian and Zhang Ji are beyond reproach." Another friend, Yu Ji, also said: "Scholars who work in Satyaxi have the longest love time and are elegant and graceful, and all authors love them." So he is also a lyric poet. Such as his "Lotus Song":
Qiu Jiang is a fog lotus, and Qiu Jiang's daughter will be heartbroken. The crimson robe is shallow and warm in spring, and the green sleeves are cool in the sunset.
Carp waves, first frost Dongting, leaves fly. Where to pick a lotus boat, cherish hibiscus lust.
Love is elegant and light, and the image is concise. Seemingly heartless and thoughtful, it contains the author's incompetence and wandering feelings in the rivers and lakes, which won Tang He's brushwork, careful choice of words and clear grace. "Carp blowing waves, first frost Dongting, leaves flying", which is implicit, has a lyrical taste of wandering life and narcissism. Others, such as Jiaxing, combing hair, new summer music and bridal chamber music, all have the same or similar artistic conception. Similarly, so are his palace poems and styles. "Drunk Up" says: Liu Lou's heart is full of beds, and Ye Xiang is embroidered on Jin Ping. I don't know how much spring scenery is outside the door, so move the lamp to shine on Haitang. What is described here is only the emptiness of women's life in the palace and their aversion to landscape images. Generally speaking, the palace is a paradise for emperors and a hell for ladies. The theme of Life in the Palace is very narrow. If you can't distinguish between heaven and hell, the description will not be profound.
Fortunately, Sadulla's brushwork has never been confined to the court. When his eyes moved to the vast motherland, he found that
The society at that time was a paradise for the rich and a hell for the poor. For example, in his "Spring Sunset in Beijing", the poem says: In March, flowers fly in both capital city and Yanji, white horses and little red cars. The standard warms the general's house, and the string is the deep prime minister's house in Guan Chun. The little whitebait blows white waves, and the pearl wine on the ground is rosy. Du Keling, a donkey with a broken hat, is not going to come back after giving gifts. It is not only unfair to society but also unfair to individuals, and the intention is very clear. As for his girls' ballads, Crossing Juyongguan, Complaining to Women, Gaoyou Fangfeng, Weaver Girl, Bird Singing, Crossing the Yellow River at the Beginning, Huaiyin and so on. They describe social life with a wide range of topics and deserve more attention. "Song of Women" wrote: The road was abandoned by women, and it was desolate and sad ... People praised sex and gold, but now they are hungry for a long distance. The yellow river is dry and sad, and the county magistrate is ashamed Gold belt purple clothes county satrap, drunk don't ask people to eat hard. It is rumored that Shaanxi is particularly worrying, and drought and famine are not unique to southeast States. When will you stop eating when the dead fish crow with white geese? In the face of this phenomenon, the author accuses "the satrap of Jin county, being drunk and not asking the people for food" and reprimands "the shame of county officials". This is a cry of justice. Sadulla doesn't like this injustice, so he hopes that "the big handle is always in hand to cover everything" (Umbrella). I hope to get a power to save all the people in the world who are struggling. But at that time, his wish could not be realized. Sadulla's nostalgic works are also quite distinctive. Such as his "Man Jiang Hong (mistaken for Nian Nujiao)". Jinling nostalgia is particularly popular:
Six generations of prosperity, spring scenery has gone, and there is no news. Looking at the mountains and rivers in vain is not the past. Wang Xietang, Xin Yan, once met Wuyi Lane. Listening to the night is lonely and empty, and the spring tide is urgent. Remembering the past is like knitting. I miss my old country and feel empty. But the tobacco is withered and the crow is red. Yushu is cold in the autumn, and the rouge well is cold. Up to now, only Jiang, Qinhuai finished.
This word was written in the third or fourth year of Shunzhi, when he worked as a consultant for various platforms in Jiangnan. Personnel metabolism, through the ages, is desolate and heroic, with endless feelings. However, green mountains are always there, and green water is always there. The new generation will make Jinling a gathering place for talents. Think about the past, think about the present. Sadulla's works often express an open mind. He traveled all his life and learned a lot about people's feelings, which made some of his poems full of life and strong appeal. For example, "Huai 'an Road in Early Summer" says: When fish and shrimp splash out of the net, Mei Xing is green. Trees are full of tender sunshine and spring rain, and pedestrians cross the Huaihe River in April. "Fish and shrimp splash", "Mei Xing Qing Qing" and Chu Qing in summer, in a gentle word, are all business. Give people an open-minded, optimistic, fresh and comfortable feeling. Vivid images bring readers into a new realm with local flavor.
In terms of poetic techniques, Sadulla inherited some techniques of Tang and Song songs and had his own characteristics:
(1) Intercept the dull fragments in life and create a lasting artistic conception. Such as Autumn Poems and Capital beginning of spring, which are famous for their names, can reveal specific situations and form interesting "poems and paintings".
(2) In-depth, concise. For example, "a century-old poem, a wine glass of the Three Kingdoms" and "the scenery of the ages is white and the mountains of the Six Dynasties are green" are concise, giving readers ample imagination.
(3) Good at creation and vivid image. For example, words such as "Yun Sun holds the southern dustpan, Yue Jie comes to Beidou" and "A mountain rises like a dragon into the cloud, and a mountain turns the Yangtze River into a stream" turn static into dynamic, turn dead into living, and make the image novel and fluid.
(4) I also used the technique of "synaesthesia" to connect the visual image, the auditory image and the olfactory image and compare them with each other. For example, "The city listens to red mist sea fans, and the flowers are full of colorful clouds", "There is a shadow in the autumn at Wuqie Bridge, and there is no wave at night when the Milky Way hangs down".
Selected Poems and Palace Poems
In the middle of the night, the palace car went out to build a chapter, and the purple clothes team went in two or three lines. The stone fence is wrapped in silver and the hibiscus leaves are frosted.
Fujian city rises and falls
There is no snow in Lingnan in early spring, and flowers are sold on the streets in December. The New Year's Eve in Guohai is approaching, and the whole city is slightly rainy and moist with camellias.
Shifuren
Danger is independent of the river, and there is no water around it. Green temples have been lazy for thousands of years, and Zhu Yan has not changed spring for thousands of years.
Snow is powder, wind is wealth, and dew is rouge. There is no mirror in front of Mo Dao's face, and the moon shines on his wife.
umbrella
Open like a wheel, close like a bundle, paper-cut to protect autumn bamboo; Lotus leaves in Japan and China are graceful, and bananas rustle in the rain.
It's sunny, but it rains, but it's sunny. These two days are sincere and clear, but the big handle is always in hand, covering the east, west, north and south.
Send someone to laugh at Longxiang Temple.
I don't know the hermit in Jiangnan, but his name moved for nine days. The ground is wet and tired, watching Tianzhu rain, and listening to Jingyang clock in the month.
Yi Yi Xiang keeps the musk deer warm in spring, and the stone bowl lies cold at night. When to accompany the staff, Qiu Jiang will pick hibiscus.
Yanjiqu
Yanjing's daughter is sixteen or seventeen years old and blushes like a flower. Spearmint flies all over the road, and the green sleeves are whipped.
The spring breeze shakes the spring, and the brocade Zheng and the silver candle are high. Embroidery is not warm, purple curtains are foggy.
Who cares if the incense goes by like water, and people are tired in spring? It rained at night, and Huayang couldn't afford to fly in the yard.
Guo Jiaxing
Three mountains and a sea of clouds are thousands of miles away, and ten sails are hung with smoke and water. Wuzhong Road crosses Mohist home, and Jiangnan painting is like a house.
Reed buds have just worn green sand, and carp at the bow is blowing waves. Wu Ji paddled into the city, and the drizzle gave birth to green yarn.
Singing nonstop, the river blew purple bamboo last month. "Spring Breeze" is a partridge song, and the flowers fall and the warblers fly all over the city.
Female ballads
The road was abandoned by women, desolate and sad. Abandoned villages meet wild foxes every day, and broken houses smell ghosts at dusk.
People praise color more than walls. Today, hunger cries in the distance. The Yellow River tears dry, county magistrate He Eryan.
Gold belt purple clothes county satrap, drunk don't ask people to eat hard. It is rumored that Shaanxi is particularly worrying, and drought and famine are not unique to southeast States.
When will you stop eating when the dead fish crow with white geese?
Five songs about going to Beijing
Daye mountain sand accumulation, white sand level to see the balcony. Pedestrians are forbidden to avoid fragrant grass and try to come to Panshan Highway.
Ye Ping sprinkled horse wine, and the wind came from the sand. White horses return to the northwest like clouds, and purple camel silver urns are given to kings.
Sheep and sheep are walking in the sunset, and the air is filled with the fragrance of weeds and the sweetness of cheese. Suddenly there was a big storm, and the dust was like snow. Everyone put down their tents' blankets.
The purple plug wind is high and the bow is strong, and the prince and grandson hunt the battlefield. Call eagle arrow back late, and immediately hang the white wolf upside down.
The purple sweater was beaten by the cold, and the wine was still sleeping in the east window. It's not allowed to be high outside, and the wet fog in the city is like Jiangnan.
Smell the flute in autumn night
Who plays the flute outside the autumn wind, and the moonlight in front of Gu Beishan is cold.
There are also Jiangnan who have not returned to the guest, wandering for a night.
Stone Town, Deng Ling, Bai Zi City, Zuo Ci
Standing on the high stone city, looking forward, there are Wu and Chu on the horizon, and the two countries are connected and open. Pointing out the six dynasties-shaped resorts, only the green hills are like walls.
Back in those days, wars were raging, smoke was everywhere, people's lives were at stake, and bones were like snow. How many heroes have been swept by the long river of time, only the vast Yangtze River is still rushing and rolling eastward.
In the lonely palace in the yard, when the east wind blows, the old emperor's frame often runs over the road, and it is already a year later. Whenever the sun sets, the pine forest is cold and desolate, and there is no hidden fire.
Before singing and dancing, in colorful dreams, I changed my hair to green. Sad through the ages, Qinhuai a bright moon.
Magnolia Slow Xuzhou Nostalgia (also known as Pengcheng Nostalgia)
Ancient Xuzhou won and killed several brave men. I thought the armor was heavy, the birds sweated, and the jade account was empty.
Chu Song's 8,000 troops were scattered, but Jiangdong was not expected. There is a Yellow River in the air and chaos in the mountains.
The autumn wind rises in the Han tomb, and the grain is full of Guanzhong. More ridiculous, thrush far away, swallow house empty.
Life is like a hundred years, and you can laugh and drink for a thousand minutes. Looking back at the empty city, leaning on the bar to send Hong Fei.
A series of songs
A flower in Nanlu
* * * Cuju
The red face is lined with chardonnay, and the jade is moist and the wood is horizontal. The moon is curved and the eyebrows are gathered, and the clouds are piled up and cicadas are singing. Beautiful, never put off till tomorrow what you can, singing and dancing just before the flower banquet, and learning into a wonderful sky.
Lower circle. After eating and drinking in front of the green window, I picked the flowers on the white wall and the sun turned.
Liangzhou Russell shirt, colorful sleeves, low cage jade bamboo shoots, brocade socks lined with black boots, golden lotus. Occupy officialdom to stand up and admire. It's like flying in the temple of the moon.
Motome, a fairy who was blown down by the wind. Flower dew durian skirt lingering, rolling incense and embroidery lingering. Turn the fan in the opposite direction without slanting, kick the mandarin duck and buckle.
Very light. For those who wear D-wipe on their knees, D-wipe on their knees, D-wipe on their sleeves, D-wipe on their temples, D-wipe on their knees, D-wipe on their sleeves and make-up, turn around and show off their shawls. Suddenly, I gasped with laughter.
The sleeves of the world of mortals are slim and tired, and the richer they are, the softer they are. Ropa Khan, flowers fall.
In the end, if the Tao realized the wish of cherishing jade and fragrance in the bridal chamber, it combined a cool breeze and bright moon banquet with six fragrant skins as a marriage in Cuiguan. tea tree
Next to the frame, in front of the rose cave, I will teach you that reunion is not far away.