Face? Product? 19 13578.68 square kilometers.

People? Mouth? 276 million (65438+February 2022), the fourth most populous country in the world.

People? Family? There are hundreds of ethnic groups, among which Javanese account for 45% of the population, as well as Sunda, Madura and Malay.

Language? Words? Indonesian.

Zong? Teaching? About 87% of the population believes in Islam, which is the country with the largest Muslim population in the world.

First of all? Both? Resident population in Jakarta10.56 million.

Head of state? President joko widodo took office in June 20 14, and was re-elected in June 20 19 for a term of 2024.

Important festival? Islamic Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha; National Awakening Day (commemorating the establishment of 1908 Indonesian national movement organization "Shan Zhi Society") on May 20th; Independence Day, 8 17.

Politics? Cure? 17 August 7 1945 After independence, it was forced to change to the Federal Republic of Indonesia and join the Dutch-Indian Federation. /kloc-0 was re-established as the Republic of Indonesia in August, 1950, and/kloc-0 left the Netherlands-India Federation in August, 1954.

1997 the Asian financial crisis has caused an all-round impact on Indonesia, leading to instability. 1998 in may, president Suharto resigned after 32 years in power, and vice president b.j. habibi took over as president. 1999 10, Indonesian People's Consultative Conference (hereinafter referred to as "People's Association") elected Abdurrahman Wahid as President and Megawati Su Jianuo Putri as Vice President. On July 23rd, 20001,the special session of the ADPL dismissed President Wahid for dereliction of duty. Megawati took over as President and hamzah haz as Vice President. In July 2004, Indonesia held the first direct presidential election in history. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, former political security coordinator, and Mohammad yusuf kalla, coordinator of people's welfare, won by two rounds of direct elections. In July 2009, Indonesia held its second direct presidential election, and Susilo and former central bank governor boediono won in the first round. 2065438+In July 2004, Indonesia held the third direct presidential election, and Jakarta Governor joko widodo and former Vice President yusuf kalla won the election. 2065438+In April 2009, Indonesia held the first simultaneous presidential and legislative elections in history. Zoko and Maarouf, Chairman of Indonesian Islamic Law Scholars Council, won the presidential election with 55.5% of the votes, and their term of office was from June 20 19 to June 2024.

Xian? Law? The current constitution is the "fourth five-year plan" constitution. The Constitution was promulgated and implemented in August 1945, and it was revised four times from June 1999 to August 2002. According to the Constitution, Indonesia is a unitary republic, and "belief in Shinto, humanism, nationalism, democracy and social justice" are the five basic principles for the founding of the country (pancasila for short). The presidential system is implemented, and the president is the head of state, the head of administration and the supreme commander of the armed forces. Since 2004, the president and vice president are no longer elected by the people's consultative conference, but by universal direct election; The term of office is five years and can only be re-elected once. The President appoints the Cabinet, which is accountable to the President.

People? Lenovo? Full name of people's consultative conference. The national legislature consists of people's congresses and local representative councils, and is responsible for formulating, amending and promulgating the Constitution and supervising the President. If the president is unconstitutional, he has the right to impeach and recall the president. Elections are held every five years. The People's Association was founded in 20 19 and 10, with a total membership of 7 1 1 person, including 575 members of parliament and 136 members of local representative councils. There are 1 chairman and 9 vice-chairmen. The current chairman is Bambang Soesatyo.

Country? what's up The full name of the people's congress. The national legislature exercises general legislative power except for constitutional amendments. Congress has no right to recall the president, and the president cannot announce the dissolution of congress; However, if the president is unconstitutional, Congress has the right to suggest that the ADPL hold the president accountable. The current Congress was established in 20 19 and 10, with a total of 575 members serving as negotiators. The term of office is five years. There are 1 speaker and 4 deputy speakers. The current speaker is Puan Maharani.

Local representative committee? 10, a newly established legislature in 2004, is responsible for local autonomy, the relationship between the central and local governments, the division of local provinces and cities, and the management of national resources. Members come from 34 provincial administrative regions in China, with 4 representatives from each region, totaling 136, who are also part-time negotiators. There are 1 chairman and 3 vice-chairmen. The current chairman is La Nyalla Matali.

Politics? Fu? The current cabinet was formed in 20 19 and 10, and reorganized three times in 2020, 202 12 and June 2022. At present, there are 34 cabinet members whose term of office is until 2024.

Administrative divisions? There are 38 first-level administrative regions (provincial level), including Jakarta capital, Yogyakarta, Aceh and 35 provinces. There are 5 14 secondary administrative districts (counties/cities).

Justice department? The three powers are separated, and the Supreme Court is independent of the legislative and administrative organs. The President of the Supreme Court is elected by the judges of the Supreme Court, and the current President is Muhammad Syarifuddin.

Politics? Party? 1975 promulgated the political parties law, which only allows three political parties to exist, namely, the professional group party, the Indonesian Democratic Party and the Construction Solidarity Party. Party ban was lifted in May 1998. In the 20 19 general election, a total of 16 political parties participated in the election, and 9 political parties won seats in the National Assembly, making the Democratic Struggle Party the largest party in the National Assembly. The main parties include:

(1) Partai demokrasi Indonesia-Perjuangan: It is composed of people who split from the former Democratic Party of Indonesia./kloc-0 was formally established in June, 998. It is a nationalist party and a representative of Indonesia's secular political forces. Take "pancasila" as the platform, carry forward the national spirit and oppose religious and racial discrimination. In the 20 19 parliamentary election, it won 128 seats and became the largest party in the National Assembly. The current President is Megawati Soekarno Putri.

(2) Partai Golongan Karya:1959 formed a loose joint secretariat of professional groups, and in 1964+00, a professional group was jointly established by 6 1 mass organizations, which was expanded to include 2,965,438 in 1970+02. 1999 officially declared as a political party on March 7. Taking "pancasila" as the political platform, we advocate political system reform on the basis of democracy and civil rights, safeguard human rights and improve people's livelihood. In the 20 19 parliamentary election, it won 85 seats and became the second largest party in the National Assembly. The general chairman is Airlangga Hartarto.

(3) The Great Indonesian Movement Party (Gerindra): founded on February 6, 2008, with the platform of "pancasila" and advocating nationalism and humanitarianism. In 2009, 20 14 and 20 19 general elections, prabowo was pushed to participate in the presidential or vice presidential elections, but all ended in failure. Won 78 seats in the 20 19 parliamentary election. Chairman prabowo subianto.

(4) National Democratic Party (Partai Nasional Demokrat): It was founded in July of 20 1 1, formerly known as the mass organization "National Democracy". With the goal of building an independent, unified, just and prosperous country, we advocate giving full play to the collective strength of the people and realizing the rejuvenation of Indonesia. As the only new political party in the 20 14 parliamentary election, it won 35 seats. Won 59 seats in the 20 19 parliamentary election. Chairman Surya Paloh.

(5) Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa: Founded in July 1998, it advocates the establishment of a democratic, open and clean national political system, opposes religious politicization and religious discrimination, opposes all acts that undermine national unity and unity, and opposes the establishment of a country that integrates politics and religion. Won 58 seats in the 20 19 parliamentary election. Chairman Mohaimin iskandar.

Joko widodo: President. 1961June 2 1 was born in Thoreau, Central Java. Believe in Islam. Born in a poor family, he studied in the Forestry Department of Kachamada University in Yogyakarta. After graduation, I went to work in Aceh for a while. 1988 returned to Thoreau to run the furniture industry and became a well-known local businessman. In 2005, he was elected mayor of Thoreau and was re-elected on 20 10. During his tenure, he made outstanding achievements. In 2008, he was awarded the "Star of Meritorious Service" medal by the President, and was selected as the 25 best mayors in the world in 20 10. In September 20 12, he was elected as the governor of Jakarta, and in June 20 14, he became the seventh president of Indonesia, and was re-elected in June 20 19.

Maarouf Amin: Vice President. 1943 March 1 1 was born in bantan province. 12 years old, entered a well-known Confucian classics college in East Java to study Islam, and graduated from the Department of Islamic Religious Theory of Ibn Khaldun University in Bogor with a bachelor's degree 1967. He has taught at the School of Economics and University in Indonesia. In 1960s, he joined the Islamic League (UIA) and was elected as a member of Jakarta local council in 197 1. 1In July 1998, he joined the National Awakening Party and served as the chairman of the Consultative Conference. 1999-2004 Member of Parliament, Chairman of the Sixth Committee, in charge of economy, trade, investment and enterprises. In 2004, he no longer served as a member of parliament and served as the chairman of the Advisory Committee, Advisory Committee and Academic Affairs Committee of the Iraqi Central Committee. From 2007 to 2065438+04, he served as a member of the advisory board of former President Susilo, in charge of religious affairs. In 1990s, he joined the Council of Islamic Jurists (IRA) in Indonesia. From August 20 15 to June 2020, he served as the general chairman of the Iraqi Society, and later served as the chairman of the Iraqi Society Advisory Committee, with a term of office until 2025.

Classic? Economy? Indonesia is the largest economy in ASEAN. Agriculture, industry and service industry all occupy an important position in the national economy. From 1950 to 1965, the average annual GDP growth is only 2%. At the end of 1960s, with the adjustment of economic structure, the economy began to accelerate. From 1970 to 1996, GDP grew at an average annual rate of 6%, ranking among middle-income countries. 1997 was hit hard by the Asian financial crisis, with a severe economic recession and a sharp depreciation of the currency. /kloc-0 began to recover slowly at the end of 1999, with an average annual GDP growth of 3%-4%. At the end of 2003, the economic supervision of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) ended as planned. After taking office in 2004, President Susilo took active measures to attract foreign investment, develop infrastructure, rectify the financial system and support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and achieved positive results. Economic growth remained above 5%. Since 2008, in the face of the international financial crisis, the Indonesian government has responded appropriately and the economy has maintained rapid growth. Since 20 14, economic growth has slowed down due to the global economic downturn and the adjustment of monetary policy by the Federal Reserve. After President Zoco took office, he put forward the idea of building a "global ocean fulcrum", vigorously developed the marine economy and infrastructure, and maintained steady economic growth. In 2022, Indonesia's GDP was 19588.4 trillion rupiah (about 1.29 trillion US dollars), up 5.31%year-on-year; Per capita GDP is 4783.9 USD; The total foreign trade was 529.5 billion US dollars, up 23.79% year-on-year.

Foreign trade? Foreign trade plays an important role in Indonesia's national economy. China government has taken a series of measures to encourage and promote the export of non-oil and gas products, simplify export procedures and reduce tariffs. The foreign trade situation in recent years is as follows (unit: billion US dollars. Source: Indonesian Ministry of Trade website):

time

20 18

20 19

2020

202 1

2022

export value

1800. 13

1676.83

163 1.92

23 15.2

29 19.8

volume of import

1887. 1 1

17 12.76

14 15.69

196 1.2

2375.2

edge

-86.98

-35.93

2 16.23

353.3

544.6

The main export products are petroleum, natural gas, textiles and clothing, wood, rattan products, handicrafts, shoes, copper, coal, pulp and paper products, electrical appliances, palm oil and rubber. The main imported products are mechanical transportation equipment, chemical products, automobiles and spare parts, power generation equipment, steel, plastics and plastic products, cotton and so on.

Foreign capital? Foreign capital has played an important role in promoting Indonesia's economic development. The Indonesian government attaches great importance to improving the investment environment and attracting foreign investment. 1997 before the financial crisis, it attracted about $30 billion in foreign investment every year, which dropped sharply after the financial crisis. The Zoco government attaches great importance to improving the investment environment and attracting foreign investment. In 2022, it attracted 45.6 billion US dollars of foreign investment. The main sources of investment are Singapore, China (inland), China, China, Hongkong, the United States and Japan.

A person's life? 1997 after the financial crisis, people's living standards declined. The government has increased assistance, studied the establishment of a national social security system, and adopted medium and long-term measures such as expanding employment and strengthening capacity building to solve the structural poverty problem. By the end of February, 65438+2022, the poverty population in Indonesia was about 26.36 million, with a poverty rate of 9.57% and a Gini coefficient of 0.38 1. According to the data released in August 2022, the number of unemployed people was 8.426 million, and the unemployment rate was 5.86%.

Army? Things? The National Defense Law stipulates that the President has the highest leadership over the national armed forces, makes major decisions on national defense and security affairs with the assistance of the National Defense and Security Committee and the Minister of National Defense, and exercises leadership and command over the national armed forces through the commander of the national army and the chief of police. The Ministry of National Defense is responsible for formulating and implementing national defense policies, and the National Army Command is responsible for the management, education, training and wartime command of the whole army. The national armed forces are composed of regular troops and paramilitary forces. The military service system of combining conscripts and volunteers is implemented, and the service period of conscripts is 2 years.

The Indonesian National Army (TNI), a regular army, was founded on October 5th, 2005, and was adapted from the Dutch colonial army and the national reserve army during the Japanese occupation. The army, navy and air force have a total strength of 388,000. Among them, the army has 299,000 people, mainly organized into strategic reserve forces, special forces and 12 military region. The navy has 665438+100000 people, mainly organized into two fleet headquarters, the Marine Corps and the Maritime Command of the Military Region. There are 28,000 people in the air force, which are mainly organized into the first (western) and second (eastern) air force combat command, maintenance and materials command and special forces. The current commander of the national army, General Yudo Mageno.

The army, navy and air force all have chiefs of staff who are responsible for the daily management and training of the troops. The army used to have dual functions of national defense security and social politics for a long time, and now it is mainly responsible for national defense security.

Paramilitary forces include police and militia. The police force was incorporated into the leadership of the Armed Forces Headquarters in 1964, and was called "Indonesian Armed Forces" (ABRI) together with the National Army. It officially became independent in July 2000, and was directly led by the President, responsible for maintaining domestic security. At present, the police force is nearly 380 thousand. The current police chief, Listo Sigit prabowo.

Teaching? Education? Implement nine-year compulsory education. Famous universities include Indonesian University in Jakarta, Kachamada University in Yogyakarta, Erlangka University in Surabaya, Bandung Institute of Technology in Bandung, Charan University in BANCHA and Bogor Agricultural College in Bogor.

Press release? There are more than 3000 kinds of newspapers and periodicals. The main newspapers in Indonesia are Compass, Voice of Profession, Indonesian Media, Republic Daily, Voice of Innovation and Indonesian Business Daily. English newspapers include Jakarta Post, Jakarta Globe and Indonesian Observer, while Chinese newspapers include International Daily, Business Daily and Thousand Newspapers. At present, the only news agency is antara News Agency, which is the official news agency. State-owned radio and television mainly include public Indonesian National Radio and Indonesian National Television. Indonesia National Radio was established in September 1945+0 1, with 53 sub-stations and the "Voice of Indonesia" radio station (broadcast in 10 languages), and its existing staff is 8,500. Indonesian TV officially started operation on August 1962, with 13 sub-stations, and the 395 relay station covers the whole of Indonesia. Originally run by the government, it became a public television station after 2000. There are about 7200 employees.

Private TV stations include 1 1 national TV stations and many local TV stations, such as Eagle TV, Education TV and Mido TV. There are 1800 radio stations all over the country.

External relations? Pursue an active and independent foreign policy, take ASEAN as the diplomatic cornerstone, and actively promote the construction of the ASEAN Community. We advocate the balance among big countries and attach importance to relations with the United States, China, Japan, Russia, Australia, India and the European Union. Attach importance to the Non-Aligned Movement and South-South cooperation. In April 2005, the 50th anniversary of the Asian-African Conference and the Bandung Conference. Since 2008, the "Bali Democracy Forum" has been held once a year, and it has been held for 15 times. 20 1 1, as the rotating presidency of ASEAN, held a series of East Asia summits in Bali in June 1 1. 20 13 10 the 21st informal meeting of APEC was held in Bali. 20 15 In April, the 60th anniversary of the Asian-African Conference and Bandung Conference was held in Jakarta. 20 18 August, 18 Asian Games was held, and 20 19-2020 served as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council. In 2022, he assumed the rotating presidency of the G 20. The 17th G20 Summit will be held in Bali from June 5th to1October 6th, 2022. In 2023, he assumed the rotating presidency of ASEAN.