Not long ago, Taiwan Province poet Yu Guangzhong passed away, and his short poem "Homesickness" attracted great attention of Chinese at home and abroad. For thousands of years, Chinese descendants, who have been dominated by farming civilization, have been so attached to the land they have cultivated for generations.
Due to well-known reasons, in the 1930s, 40s and 1950s, thousands of warm-blooded men left their homes for the liberation and construction of new China, and took root in other places to breed the second, third and even fourth generations, which objectively caused a great migration in the modern history of the Chinese nation. Take my father for example. 1946 joined the army in Pixian County, Shandong Province (now Pizhou, Jiangsu Province), and moved from Nanjing in 56 years to Hubei in 58 years. I have been a new continent for as long as I can remember. Every time I fill in the form, I only write the word "Pixiankou" in the column of native place. "Homesickness" didn't feel anything to me before I was eighteen, and I always felt far away, but since I first returned to my hometown, all this has changed.
1973 After the Spring Festival, I stayed in Linyi for half a month because I wanted to be a soldier (see the first story of being a soldier in Linyi). Sister-in-law came to visit relatives in Linyi by tractor towed by the brigade. March 1973 After breakfast, I followed my sister-in-law to my hometown by tractor. The tractor driver is also surnamed Bai, and he is also a relative and friend. Sister-in-law is holding a child in her arms, and her head is wrapped in a towel. I stand up the fur collar of my military coat and shrink my head. With our backs to the front of the car, we bumped down against the cold wind and the sudden white smoke of the tractor. It took about three hours to arrive at a county town, and I heard people all over the street speaking the same accent as my father, so I thought it was here. The tractor driver said that this is Cangshan County, and there is still half way! When I heard the word Cangshan, I was excited. This name is too familiar. I have heard from my father more than once. Zhao Bo, secretary of the CPC Southern Shandong District Committee and political commissar of the Southern Shandong Military Region, was renamed Zhao Bo County to commemorate his sacrifice during the Anti-Japanese War. My father's resume shows: 1948 served as the deputy instructor of Cangshan County Brigade in Shandong Lunan Military Region, where his old man fought in the past!
More than two hours have passed, and my hometown is getting closer and closer. Listening to the introduction of Ersao and her relatives in a strong dialect, and looking at the rows of villages and farmland on the roadside, I feel strange and familiar. This is where my father was born and raised! This is also my root vein! The genealogy has the names of my grandfather and father, and there will be names of me and my descendants in the future. This is the idea that farming people are born to carry on the family line! That's the feeling I never had when I went back to my mother's hometown. At three o'clock in the afternoon, I finally arrived in Pixian Town. Shekou is located at the junction of southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu. It is named after the mouth of the He Sui River. It is an ancient town near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and there is an old street in Shekou. When I went, it was the location of Shekou Commune. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "Yinlaowan at the mouth of Jinling is an eighteen-mile long street", and the ancient legend of "Ganlong Lingkou recognizes the foster mother" has been told by people here from generation to generation. Later, in the TV series "Ji Xiaolan with copper teeth and iron teeth", there really was an old lady named Bai, her adopted mother, Bai in Pizhou, who had always been a big family in Lingkou.
In the west of Shekou Old Street, there is a big Zhuangzi composed of several natural villages, mainly Bai and Hu surnames. It is said that Bai's ancestors moved from Shanxi in the Ming Dynasty. Generations of people made a living by boating and transporting grain on the canal, and raised our six housekeepers (formerly called Laoliufangjia) in Wenheya, Shekou. Because there are more and more people, the 234 rooms (also called small three rooms) of my grandfather's generation moved from Wenhe Kuicun to the northwest corner of Zhuangzi. In order to resist the flood of Weihe River every summer, a high platform named Baitai Village (later called Bai Yuan Village) was built, and as the name implies, the Bai family lived on the high platform. We are descendants of three-bedroom white, living on the platform in the north. My grandfather is the boss, the second is an Anfu, the third is, and there are three sisters.
Grandpa was born in 1883. He is a big man with a loud voice. After studying in a private school for several years, I know a little about Chinese medicine. 1955 When I was born, my grandfather went to Nanjing to see me and brought a silver longevity lock. As the old saying goes, "You can't be poor but rich for three generations". After the separation of the three grandfathers, the family became better and better. They bought farmland and built a courtyard wall to prevent bandits. Not only are the rich rich, but my grandparents have raised five brothers, in turn: Bai Jundian, Ying Jun, Jun Qing, Xiang Jun and Chang Jun (my father). My father was born in 1924. He is the same age as Bai Fuyun, the eldest son of my second uncle. Because my son is spoiled by his parents, brothers and sisters, he has been a wayward urchin since he was a child. Fortunately, he also studied in a private school for several years. But it didn't last long. One summer night when my father was a teenager, it was very dark. There were waves of dog barking outside the courtyard wall, and someone shouted "bandits are coming". Soon the gate was knocked down and a man rushed in. In the panic, with a gunshot, the man fell to the ground, and everyone quickly closed the gate and took pictures with lanterns. It turned out that the boss was accidentally injured. The family was already very unhappy, but Hu Yingchang, the big landlord in Hulou Village, Zhuangzi, had long been red-eyed about his grandfather's fortune, so he persuaded his boss to complain to the government, because two generations of good people lost because of a lawsuit. 1943, Brother Fuyun and Bai Liangyu (formerly known as Bai) joined the revolution in one room and worked as a correspondent for Uncle Liangyu. My second uncle and my second aunt took Brother Futian out to beg, and they have been living in Wenhe Kui since they came back. My father said many times before his death: fortunately, we lost our family, otherwise the land reform was part of the landlord, and we would not have come out to participate in the revolution.
At the beginning of 1938, a "Taierzhuang War" shocked China and foreign countries not far from the north of our hometown, in which Shekou was also one of the auxiliary battlefields of Xidukou. My father once said that the war was so fierce that the crops were full of corpses that China and Japan could not handle, and there were guns everywhere. Under the influence of his third uncle and third brother Bai Liangyu, my father began to do something beneficial to the revolution, such as sending information to the underground party. 1944 officially joined the revolution. Father's file records: 1944 joined the militia in Wenhekuang Village, the fifth district of Pixian County, Shandong Province, and served as the captain; 1early in 9451May in 946, served as the captain of the militia joint defense brigade in Jikou Township; On 1946, Zhang Shusen and Wang Guangliang introduced him to join the party. According to my father, I joined the army with more than 30 militiamen, so when I arrived at the army, I was a platoon leader.58816.88888888885 My father always said that he was from Shandong. I think there may be three reasons: first, both language and living habits are customs in Shandong, which is completely different from the foggy and rainy Jiangsu in the south of the Yangtze River; Two. ? When he was a soldier, Pixian was attached to Linyi, Shandong Province. After liberation, Pixian county belonged to Xuzhou and was assigned to Jiangsu (saying that Xuzhou was too poor to let Jiangsu take land); Three. ? His old man's house may think that Shandong people are generous and in line with their own personality. Funnily enough, my family always thought I was from Shandong. When she went to the police station to register her son 1982, the household registration book was actually filled in Shandong.
When I got to my hometown, my second sister-in-law sent me to my second uncle's house in Wenhe Kuicun. The old man is nearly seventy years old, tall, hunchbacked and tanned. After seeing me, his face was full of smiles. When he spoke, his voice was actually very thin, and two white goats flew up and down. My second aunt took my hand, touched my face with her little feet and repeatedly said, "Oh, my God!" " "Looking at the kind face of the old man, I feel like seeing my grandmother I have never met before, and my tears are coming out. Surrounded by surprises, after more than 20 years of liberation, my hometown is still so poor that it is not an exaggeration to describe it as a family. It is said that the yard is surrounded by a blank adobe with hands tied high. Next to the three adobe houses with grass roofs in the open-air yard, there is a mansion and a kitchen. There is a big stone mill in front of the door, and there is a chicken nest under the millstone. There is no wooden furniture in the hall. A dining table is covered with adobe and plastic film, and there are few two Mazars sitting next to it. The servants all squat when eating. Behind the dining table, there is a long wooden board on the adobe wall with a bowl in the middle. I don't even have to buy incense to believe in Catholicism. I really admire the penetration and influence of the church, because Brother Fukuda, whose parents are religious, is a cadre in party member. It's hard to convince him. On the right hand side is the old couple's bedroom, with curtains and no door panels. Next to the dining table, there is a bed supported by sticks and ropes for me to sleep. At the party the next day, my second uncle said that my sister Fue, who was married to Dawangzhuang, would come to the fair and take me to meet my relatives.
The year before my father became a soldier, my loving grandparents bought him a woman who escaped from Henan and gave birth to my half-sister. After my father became a soldier, my sister first followed her grandparents and was adopted by an old couple who had no children. After liberation, my sister briefly returned to her father, but during the three-year natural disaster, she was brought back to the countryside by her fourth uncle. I don't remember much when my sister left, except that my grandmother said that she was wild by nature and vaguely remembered that she was in Dada. The next morning, my sister came. When I saw her, I couldn't help shivering. It is an innate passion, and it is a true feeling that blood is thicker than water! Although I have hardly lived together. She is holding a child in her arms, carrying a basket in her hand, wearing a turban with homespun and blue flowers, with a medium-sized oval face, curved eyebrows and a high nose, and her weather-beaten face still reveals beauty. In Beijing in the 1980s, Yichuan's mother said to me, "Before your sister got married, your cousin Xiang Zhong and I went back to our hometown to see her. It is as beautiful as the people in the painting. "
"Your family doesn't want me." My sister smiled and looked at me with bright eyes and said, "Are my parents okay? My sisters are all right! " Sister added ("Da" is my father's name in his hometown). After that, my sister divided the snacks and sweets I brought, and put two apples in his collection. I put them in my travelling bag. When going out, my sister held the child in her arms and hooked the basket on the ground with one instep. When I picked it up, I held it in my arms. The expression of her first sentence and this action are engraved in my memory for many years. I thought at that time: I must help my sister and make up for some regrets of my father in the future.
My sister took me to see my uncle and aunt first. They are both big shots. My sister is their adopted daughter. The second old man lives in an old house in Baitaizi. The light in the mud-walled thatched cottage is very poor. The old man also pointed to a thatched cottage next to him and said, "This is the size of your house!" " It turns out that I still have real estate in the countryside. Then I went to see Yin Fu, Fu Sheng and Fudge. They all asked: Is my fifth uncle all right? (Father ranks fifth). In my cousin's generation, their older children are about my age, but they call me uncle, which makes me feel very embarrassed. This is a family rule and a local custom, because many people in my hometown call me that. My brother and sister also went to see Uncle Junxiu (he is the boss of Master Angu in Xiaosanfang). Uncle party member, 1938, an old man, retired early due to physical reasons, and the living conditions in the village were better. He asked me to stay at their house in the future.
My hometown has five generations: Zhen, Jing, An, Jun and Fu, and there is no downward row. In the fifties and sixties, six generations were born one after another, without a font size. Uncle Junxiu called several old people in the clan to discuss a name. I heard that Fukuda suggested "loyalty" in order to be loyal to Chairman Mao, and his eldest brother was called Tian Ze. I am a generation of Fu. My father probably didn't care too much about it at that time. Except for my sister, my brother and sister didn't name their children according to their seniority, and Uncle Liang Yu and several grandfathers outside didn't name their children according to the generation of "Fu". Speaking of relatives within five volts, it's not far. If it's somewhere else, it's very close. I have been thinking: I wish I had relatives in our local area. There are only three or four white people in our huge enterprises in the New World. It is said that they were a family 500 years ago.
In 1970s, China was singing and dancing, but poverty remained the main theme. The production efficiency of pot rice in rural people's commune is low, and the land in hometown is barren, so it is not allowed to grow other cash crops except grain, which leads to poverty year by year. At that time, there was a saying, "Is 360 Jin of grain per person a year enough? That is a total of 360 kilograms of unprocessed wheat, millet and sweet potato. Often, the demands of ordinary people are not met. During the slack season, women take their children out to beg for food to subsidize their families. It is rare for family members to eat only two meals a day. In the first few days, I don't know why I eat alone after getting up early every day. The two old people said that they were used to not eating. Because people in poor hometown are very old, ask the old people in their sixties and seventies, as if they are not yet 50 years old.
The staple food in my hometown is pancakes, soaked in mixed water such as wheat, potatoes and dried rice, and crushed on the stone mill in the yard after getting up early the next day. Grinding is hard work, and I just come in handy. Although it's still March, I'm sweating every time I push it. The washbasin soaked in coarse cereals is placed on the stone mill. My second aunt dug it out of the basin from time to time while grinding and poured it into the grinding hole. With the rotation of the mill, blade water continuously flows into the bucket from the mill mouth. Spreading pancakes is a technical job. Pancakes with a diameter of one meter are supported on the ground with bricks. After throwing some grass into the fire, put a spoonful of paddle paste in the center of the pancake. Then use a two-foot long bamboo piece to quickly scrape off the thin skin of the pancake, then stick the thin pancake as thin as kraft paper on the bottom of the pancake and fold it in half, and then put it in the basket. Spread twenty or thirty kilograms at a time and eat for more than a week. Pancakes are soft and delicious when they are first spread out. Always lay me an egg and leek pancake.
When I was in my second uncle's house, several brothers and sisters invited me and my sister to have a meal at home specially, that is, to take out all the things I usually hate to eat. My third uncle, my aunt, my brothers and sisters all call me for pancakes, and they often send some eggs to my second uncle. In my hometown, there are two kinds of traditional pickles for every meal. 1. Salted beans are similar to southern douchi, and the production process is similar. After the soybean is fermented, it can be stirred and dried with ginger foam, red pepper and pepper noodles. Second, the raw material for pasting pickles (also called black pickles) is a dish called Lageta, which seems to be the same as kohlrabi in the south. After the first year of pickling, it will be cooked in a large iron pot with slow fire for one night. One night, I suddenly heard a hurried cock crow and plop outside the house, and quickly shouted softly, "Uncle, someone is stealing chickens." "ouch! Great! " My second uncle shouted and rushed out, and I followed. An old hen was bitten, her throat was hollowed out, and she died on the ground. It turned out that the weasel came in. Watching the dead chicken lay eggs, the second uncle sighed again and again: "ruined, ruined" (finished). The next day, I had a delicious chicken meal.
When I was in my hometown, it happened to be Tomb-Sweeping Day. At that time, ancestor worship was far less popular than it is now. Almost no one goes to the grave, and there is no place to go to the grave. It's also because of me. My second uncle took me to a farm in the south of Weihe River. "Your grandfather has almost arrived. At that time, the people's commune gave it back to the collective, and then opened the street to level the grave." My second uncle kowtowed to the ground, and I kowtowed three times.
My nephew Zhong Hua follows me all day. He was the second son of Brother Fukuda, when he was less than ten years old. Grandpa's house is a little delicious. After eating, listen to me tell ancient and modern stories and things outside. When I first heard him say the words "Prince Norodom Sihanouk", I almost laughed my stomach out. He just couldn't recognize those words at school. He muttered in Pixian dialect while listening to the radio. Now The child is greedy, and the last few packets of crisp candy I brought back from Huangshi are lying in the sun with him on the slope of the canal levee. I remember once borrowing a bike to take him for a ride. The dirt roads in the country are so bad that I ride too fast. He jumped off the bike and climbed up again and again. In the early 1990s, he worked in Taierzhuang Urban Management and went to Huangshi on business with several of their captains. He brought a Taierzhuang white wine to my house to eat. Speaking of his hometown, both my uncles and nephews are drunk. 20 1 1 year, my mother, lover, elder sister and brother-in-law and I drove back to our hometown. Brother Futian, who stepped down as the mayor of Taierzhuang, took us to Taierzhuang and stayed for one night. All of them are accepted by China Company. After writing the last article "A Soldier in Linyi", I called Brother Futian and learned that China was accompanying his family to see a doctor in Beijing. I immediately contacted him, agreed to drive to Tiantan Hospital to pick them up for dinner, and made an appointment with Hu Yichuan. As a result, he left a day early and said that he would come to Beijing to see his uncle after the Spring Festival.
20 18. 1. 12? Ai Luning is in Beijing.
(To be continued)
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