This art form existed as early as Genghis Khan's time. Most of the early themes were fairy tales.

Early Qing dynasty. After Manchu settled in the Central Plains, in order to prevent Mongolian-Chinese contact, a "wicker border pass" was built for thousands of miles. During the Yongzheng period, Hebei and Shandong suffered from drought year after year, and the people were miserable and sorrowful. The Qing court had to ask Zhuosuo Tumeng Banner to "borrow land to support the people", so a large number of Han people in the Yellow River valley entered Meng Qi. Immigrants bring the Yellow River culture and promote the blending of Mongolian and Chinese cultures. This cultural phenomenon is called "Yellow River culture moving northward". Jingyun drum, storytelling, lotus waterfall, etc. Entering the grassland, accompanied by Chaoer, it gradually merged with Taoli (an art form dedicated to singing heroic epics), absorbed the essence of both sides, and evolved into a folk art form with grassland characteristics-Wuligeer.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, some artists compiled classical literary works such as Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and The Journey to the West into Mongolian rap, which was very popular among farmers and herdsmen. After liberation, artists adapted and sang contemporary literary works, such as the story of Lei Feng in Lin Yuanhe. The performers are male, singing by themselves (bass Hu Si or Ma Touqin), and the music is mostly based on Mongolian folk songs. There are more than 65,438+000 songs, and each song has its specific purpose. In the process of development, Uliger greatly improved Hu Si's playing skills. Many artists can use Hu Si to simulate the wind and the neighing of horses. Some performers can also make the singing melody and accompaniment melody form a contrasting polyphonic relationship to enrich their expressive force.

Hultsch

The artist who rapped Uliger was called "hultsch". The vast grassland creates a romantic and open artistic atmosphere in hultsch. Like a bard in the Middle Ages, hultsch carried his ukulele or Ma Touqin on his back, drifting in the wind on the grassland, playing the piano and singing alone. Because of the difference in performance style and story content, or poetic or suspense, herders are completely immersed in the story and forget where the story is. Experienced hultsch can also improvise, as long as the topic is given, it can be translated into words.

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Zalut: the melodious voice of the Huqin in the "hometown of Uliger". Zhalute Grassland is the cradle of Mongolian Wuligeer art, this magical land has created dazzling national culture and art, and nurtured world-class national folk artists such as Pajie and Mao Yihan. A translation of the classic "Wuligeer" speech such as Stories of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Romance of the Gods was born. The most famous heroic epics such as Gesar Khan and The Conquest of Python Gus have become the artistic treasures of the Chinese nation.

After the founding of New China, the art of storytelling in Zhalute Banner has been developing continuously, and storytellers have gradually formed their own artistic style. According to the characteristics of storytellers' singing and the relationship between teachers and apprentices, they can be roughly divided into three schools, namely, the story-telling rap school represented by Pajie, the Haolaibao rap school represented by Mao Yihan, and the traditional story-telling rap school represented by Zana.

The profound cultural heritage of Zhalute Banner has not only cultivated two world-class artists, Paje and Mao Yihan, who are famous at home and abroad, but also cultivated many famous folk artists, such as Chaobang, Zana, Dogel, Saren Mandula and Chajigawa. In 1950s, Paje and Mao Yihan were cordially received by Chairman Mao. In 1960s, La Xiaoer accepted three interviews with Premier Zhou.

Zhalute Banner attaches great importance to the protection and excavation of national cultural heritage, and pays attention to improving and perfecting the development and innovation of national culture. In order to protect and carry forward the folk arts such as "Wuligeer" and "Haolaibao", Qi Wenlian established the Quyi Artists Association. The Banner People's Government also signed a contract with the Institute of Minority Languages of China Academy of Social Sciences, established the heritage bases of "Wuligeer" and "Haolaibao", recorded more than 500 hours of audio-visual materials, and established a special webpage, which laid a solid foundation for building the national art brands of "Wuligeer" and "Haolaibao" in Zhalute Banner. At the same time, Zhalute Banner also designated Mongolian Experimental Primary School as "Wuligeer Training Base". In March, 2008, "Uliger Characteristic Class" was opened, and Sihu musical instruments were purchased. More than 10 students with musical background were selected as the first batch of students, and national second-class actor Lausier was hired to teach, and Uliger's art was often explained to students.

In 2002, the100th anniversary of Master Paje's birthday and the "Paje Cup" National Ulige and Haolaibao Competition were held, which made positive contributions to promoting national culture and promoting cultural innovation. From August 4th to 7th, 2008, "Celebrating the Centenary of the Birthday of Mongolian Quyi Master Mao Yihan and China Inner Mongolia Wuligeer Art Festival" sponsored by China Quyi Artists Association, Inner Mongolia Party Committee Propaganda Department, Inner Mongolia Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Inner Mongolia Culture Department, Inner Mongolia Radio and Television Bureau and Inner Mongolia Ethnic Affairs Committee was held in Zhalute Banner, the hometown of Wuligeer. More than 80 people from Mongolia, Japan, Canada and China participated in the Uliger Art Competition. Artists and professionals from inside and outside the Chinese Music Association, famous storytelling artist Liu Lanfang, party secretary of the Chinese Music Association and famous crosstalk performer Jiang Kun were invited to participate. It has written a rich and colorful stroke for promoting national folk art.

However, Wuligeer is still an art form loved by the herdsmen in Zhalute grassland and an indispensable part of mass entertainment activities. From the birth of Uliger to 1986, there are more than 70 famous "Hulqi" (storytellers) in the whole flag. Unfortunately, more than 30 people died on 20 10. Today, the melodious sound of the huqin still reverberates on the Zalute grassland. With its unique artistic style and superb singing skills, Uliger has become a wonderful flower in the national art garden. In 2003, Zhalute Banner was known as "the hometown of Chinese folk art" and "the hometown of Chinese folk art".

Uliger: more than 200 years of inheritance and unchanging charm.

According to historical records, Uliger was born in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty and has been widely circulated in Horqin grassland for more than 200 years. Singers compose, play and sing with Hu Si, and people call them "Ren Hu Uliger" (Ras Wulitou) and "Benson Uliger" (telling stories with scripts). Ren Hu Wuligeer, a Mongolian rap art, is an important part of Mongolian Quyi art. For two centuries, it has attracted the attention of domestic and foreign art circles and been loved by the vast number of Mongolian people because of its rich content, extensive themes, exquisite language, rich grassland culture and distinctive national characteristics. In the long historical process, through continuous evolution and development, Uliger not only expanded his own team, but also formed his own unique style and genre.

Before the founding of New China, there were more than 200 "Huerqi" (rap artists) in Horqin Grassland, who were mainly active in the vast rural pastoral areas, and some became professional storytellers in Lama Temple or Maharaja Courtyard. The storytelling is mainly concentrated in Wang Mi of Dahan, Wang Mi of Tushiyetu, Wangye Temple and Wang Fu of Zhalute Banner. Mongolian rap artists are mainly working people to meet the cultural needs of the people. The main songs they sing are traditional songs and "Haolaibao". In order to survive and live, some disabled people study rap skills hard, master the characteristics, styles and skills of storytelling, and become storytelling artists.

The "Benson Wuligeer" and "Ren Hu Wuligeer" of the Mongolian people in Horqin have gradually formed relatively fixed rap books after long-term performances and continuous refining and processing by rappers. Artists such as Yao Jinshan in Gahaitu Town, Zhalute Banner rap "Benson Uliger" with scripts, which is a typical representative. The art of Mongolian rap in Horqin, "Ren Hu Wuligeer", has reached a considerable scale in Horqin grassland. According to relevant records, from the founding of New China to 1988, there were more than 600 rappers. The book Mongolian Hulqi collected short stories of 308 storytellers and performed more than 300 kinds of tracks, most of which were stories from the Han, Tang and Song Dynasties, which was the representative works of ancient rap such as the Western Han Dynasty, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the Sui Dynasty. The art of rap has been tempered and improved, and its own unique norms and patterns have been formed from the aspects of writing, music and performance, which laid the foundation for the development of rap art. Ren Hu Uliger began to record and broadcast on Tongliao People's Broadcasting Station in the early 1970s, and has recorded more than 300 programs so far. In addition, at that time, by holding training courses and meeting rappers, many well-educated Huerqi emerged all over the city, such as storytellers with university culture, such as Li Shuangxi and Lausier, and professional storytellers with middle school culture and professional titles, such as bambula and Brunbayar.

1in March, 983, in order to continuously promote the theoretical work of national folk art to a deeper level, Zhelimu League (now Tongliao City) Mass Art Museum established the folk art research department. 1986, Zhelimu League (now Tongliao City) College of Literature and Art was established, and special personnel were arranged to study Quyi art and coach rap artists. The creativity and talent of Quyi artists have been released as never before, and they have tried to put narrative folk songs such as Gadamerin, Dhanapala, Taoketaohu, Zana balaji Nima, Tumen Ulijida,