Earlier, at this year's National "Two Sessions", more than 30 NPC deputies also collectively suggested canceling the art test for teenagers under 12. What are the problems in the art test? Why do many parents flock to it? With these questions, the rule of law daily education teacher conducted a first-line investigation and interview.
Recently, Ren Xue (pseudonym), a Beijing resident, was very anxious-she enrolled her daughter in elementary school in three interest classes: dancing, painting and piano, with an annual tuition fee of about 6.5438+0.5 million yuan. She originally intended to take quality education as the goal and was not prepared to take the exam. But after talking to other parents, she found that everyone attached great importance to the exam and thought that "it is nothing without the exam."
What shall we do? After careful consideration, Ren Xue hired a one-on-one tutor and went to his home regularly to help his children pass the art exam, which was another expensive expense. "It was just to cultivate hobbies, but I didn't expect it to become a task." She said to the educational administration teacher with some helplessness.
There are many parents like Ren Xue. Educational teachers have recently learned that many parents are eager for exams, and under the guidance and advocacy of some training institutions, art exams have gradually deteriorated, even showing strong characteristics of exam-oriented education, which makes people love and have a headache.
Grading continues to heat up.
Parents have a heavy burden.
The data shows that in recent years, the scale of children's art training market in China has expanded year by year. In 20 17, the national market size was about 67 billion yuan, and by 2020, this figure will almost double to13 billion yuan.
The huge training market has also spawned a variety of artistic grades such as musical instruments, dance, recitation, allegro and hosting. From class to grade examination, parents and children "break their legs", which not only increases economic pressure, but also makes children complain bitterly.
Education teachers have visited many parents, and many parents call quality education "vegetarian chicken" and subject education "broiler chicken". Many parents ridicule "vegetarian chicken" more time-consuming and expensive than "broiler chicken".
A parent said that her 14-year-old son has been practicing saxophone and flute for four and a half years, and is still taking the exam. This year, he sprinted to 10, holding a thick stack of certificates. The money and energy invested in my son's graded exams and grades are incalculable.
"This summer vacation, I let my children take part in ballet competitions and grade exams. At first, I felt little pressure, but after careful calculation, I invested 1 more than 10,000 yuan in this item. " The parents of the first grade in a primary school in Xuhui District, Shanghai said.
So, why are parents so keen on exams?
Grace, a teacher of a training institution in Beijing who works at 16, told the educational administration teacher that in the early years, many parents let their children take the grade examination, mainly to give their children extra points for further studies. Later, the ranking of social art test and art competition can not be directly used as the evaluation basis of artistic expertise. Many parents let their children continue to take the grade test in order to enrich their resumes.
In the interview, the educational teacher learned that some parents insist on graded examination, some take graded examination as the standard to test the effectiveness of their children's learning skills, some hold the blind obedience psychology of "others test me" and "something is better than nothing", and some people are helpless under the shackles of training institutions.
In the view of Liu Qiang, a citizen of Zhumadian, Henan Province, if you can take the exam, you must take it. Why else do you study so hard? Liu Qiang has two children, the son is 7 years old. He has been studying painting and hosting for a year. My daughter is 4 years old and just started to learn dance. "The children of relatives have been studying fine arts for some time, and now they have passed Grade 4. Looking at those certificates, I feel that I have not learned in vain. "
The idea of "learning for nothing if you don't pass the exam" represents the voice of many parents.
Teng Jie (a pseudonym), a citizen of Chaoyang, Beijing, is the kind of parent who "everyone tests me". Teng Jie's daughter is 9 years old. She has been taking part in painting, dancing and vocal music training for a long time since she was 4 years old. Because other parents around him are particularly keen on letting their children take the exam, he chose to "follow". Teng Jie didn't think too much about the necessity and gold content of the certificate.
In fact, the formation of exam fever, training institutions can not shirk their responsibilities.
Many parents describe it this way: originally, I went to the training class to cultivate my hobbies, but after I entered it, it was like "getting into a thief boat." All the teaching contents are centered around the grade examination. The training teacher also said that other children are graded, and the cost of each graded exam is often within the acceptable range, so they joined the graded exam team.
But in fact, the cost of taking exams again and again is not low, which consumes a lot of energy of parents.
In Grace's view, the motivation of training institutions also comes from the consideration of interests. In addition to continuous training, training institutions that organize graded examinations can also get a certain commission when promoting graded examination projects.
Regarding the commission, there were media reports in March this year, and the Cooperation Agreement of some grading institutions stated that "the examination fee is divided into 6: 4 and the registration fee is divided into 5: 5".
Gradual examination-oriented education
Violate the law of art
Mr. Gao used to be the vocal director of a famous children's choir in Beijing. Not long ago, a pair of parents came from other places with their children, hoping that Teacher Gao could give them some advice. The child passed the violin grade 9 in the local exam. Teacher Gao asked the child to play a tune on the spot, but he was surprised to find that he was not allowed to make any noise.
"There are problems with grading in some places, and such grading is meaningless." Teacher Gao said to the educational administration teacher.
According to reports, the "Administrative Measures for Social Art Level Examination" issued by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism on 20 19 clearly stipulates that the artistic level of art learners should be evaluated and guided through examinations, with the aim of popularizing art education and improving the quality of the people, following the laws of art education, adhering to the principles of openness, justice, fairness and voluntary examination, and putting social benefits first.
Many people in the industry and their parents said in an interview with educational teachers that the art test was not completely denied. Art examination has social needs and certain positive significance, such as music training and examination, which promotes the popularization of music education, helps teachers and parents to master the development of students' literacy, improve teaching and improve the aesthetic and humanistic literacy of the whole society.
However, in some places, the progress of the examination is overemphasized, so-called "examination-oriented education" is carried out, and the examination is conducted for the sake of "examination", and the speed of the examination is unilaterally pursued, which makes the art examination lose its original meaning.
Zhao Pei, a citizen of Beijing, told the educational administration teacher that because of the epidemic, her daughter's national dance grading exam was a video exam, and the children simply couldn't remember the dance movements in online classes, so they just mixed up. The children sent their parents' dance videos to the teacher, and the second-level certificate came down. "It may be that they have paid the registration fee for 380 yuan and have a certificate."
Chen Xun, who lives in Jiuxianqiao Community, Chaoyang District, feels the same way. He told the educational administration teacher that his children's classmates took the music grade exam at the age of five and actually sang a song and got the certificate. "In this way, how can we fully reflect the real music level of students?"
In Grace's view, exam fever violates the law of art education and presents a strong feature of exam-oriented education. Take the art test as an example. "Now the art test topic is settled. Students who signed up before the exam already know the type of exam. Suppose a child wants to take the sketch level 3 exam, and he may only train sketch in the past six months, which leads to a narrow range and types of learning. This level exam is more like an exam-oriented education. "
"Peanut", a netizen who has studied art for many years and participated in the art grade examination in Yingkou, Liaoning Province, said: "Before the grade examination, everyone knew what to take. In intensive training, the content taught by the training teacher is templated, which can not only improve the test-taking skills, but also contribute to the perception and shaping of artistic thinking, which is easy to make students' thinking rigid. "
Establish a correct concept
Return to quality education
Where should the art test go?
At this year's National "Two Sessions", Li Xincao, head of the Chinese Symphony Orchestra, suggested "adjusting the music grading examination method or canceling the music grading examination system". In his view, utilitarian music education, which only aims at grading, has violated the principles of scientific, systematic and gradual music learning, and also deviated from the original intention of art education. It will eventually lead to children's extreme rejection of music and affect their aesthetic outlook on life.
According to Yin, a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts of Capital Normal University, there are many unreasonable grading standards in the art test. For example, the description of Grade 5 and Grade 6 in the Examination Outline for Children's Painting (Trial) is almost the same, except for the word "comparison": "Art is a discipline with gradients, which is difficult to form, unlike physical education and mathematics, which are easy to form obvious gradients. In the actual exam, I really don't know how the examiner judges "color harmony" and "color".
Many senior children's art experts believe that there is no simple standard answer to the evaluation of children's art works.
Ryan. Qiao, a professor at the Central Academy of Fine Arts, said that according to children's cognitive research done by authoritative scholars, graffiti is one of the ways for children's thinking and emotional growth, and the standards set by children's art grading test violate the psychological common sense that children's education and art accompany children's growth.
Qian Xiaoming, an art critic and founding director of the Chinese Painting Society, also said: "The children's art examination puts academic and technical indicators first, which is more like imitating academic education than quality education. Ignoring the rigid skills of children's nature is easy to judge, easy to cheat, and easy to obliterate children's nature. "
In Chen Xun's view, quality education, like art and sports, is a wide-ranging subject. Excessive pursuit of grade examination is not conducive to the excavation of interest and the mastery of art, and it is also a wrong learning method. Any knowledge is becoming more and more difficult to learn. Maybe at first, you just need to practice often, but later learning is based on a solid foundation and good understanding. Assault training is indeed more effective in passing low-level exams, but it is not conducive to laying a good foundation. On the contrary, it will lead children to go far on the art road.
"Grading is indeed a test of children's academic performance, and it can also play a role in appeasing parents. However, children must have chosen to study art because they like and love it at first. Letting children receive art training is also to improve their overall quality. If they study only for the exam, it will inevitably consume children's enthusiasm, which is not conducive to children's study of art. Grace hopes that parents will establish a correct concept of art training, stick to their initial intentions and return to quality education. (Education teacher Zhao Li Intern Yang Yinan)
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