The ethnic contradiction between Russia and Chechnya can be traced back to the Tsar's invasion of Chechnya in the18th century. /kloc-In the 9th century, Russia conquered Chechnya and incorporated it into the empire. It took Russia half a century to conquer this area. In the 1940s, Stalin pursued the policy of oppressing ethnic groups, driving the entire Chechen ethnic group out of the Caucasus where they had lived for generations and moved to Kazakhstan. During World War II, some Chechens tried to cooperate with the Germans to seek independence. 1944, the Soviet government under Stalin forced almost the entire Chechen nation to move out of their homes on the grounds that Chechens cooperated with German aggressors. At that time, more than 387,000 Chechens were deported to Kazakhstan and Siberia in Central Asia, and Chechnya's status as an autonomous republic was revoked. It was not until 1957 that Khrushchev came to power that the Chechen-Ingushetia Soviet Socialist Autonomous Republic was restored. It was not until the 1980s that Chechens were able to return to their homeland, and this migration deepened Chechens' hatred of Russia and laid a deep curse for the Chechen problem in the future. After 1989, the situation in the Soviet Union was turbulent, the ethnic separatist forces in Chechnya, Ingushetia and North Ossetia expanded seriously, and there was a bloody conflict between Chechnya and North Ossetia. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, many members of the Russian Federation, especially the republics in Transcaucasia, want to enjoy independent status like neighboring Armenia or Georgia. In addition, in the years of the former Soviet Union, Chechens have been oppressed, resulting in a strong demand for independence and anti-Russian mentality. 199 1 year, dudayev, then president of the Chechen Republic, issued a declaration of independence, but it was not recognized by Russia. 199265438+February 10 Ingushetia was separated from Chechnya.

1994, in order to safeguard national unity and territorial integrity, Russian President Yeltsin appointed Russian troops to attack Chechnya on a large scale, but Chechen armed forces refused to lay down their weapons, which led to a civil war that lasted for 20 months and killed dudayev. Since then, the conflict between the two sides has never subsided, and Islamic fundamentalists in Chechnya have gained momentum. Therefore, terrorist attacks in Moscow continue to occur. 1At the end of 1996, after Chechen armed forces created two major hostage-taking incidents in Russia, Russian troops were forced to leave Chechnya. 1997 65438+ 10, after maskhadov was elected president of the Chechen Republic, he still insisted that Chechnya was an "independent country". 1In May 1997, the Russian Federation and Chechnya signed a treaty on principles of peace and mutual relations. However, Chechnya never gave up its "independence" proposition. 1On July 4th, 1999, Shamir basaev commanded 5,000 armed men to attack the post of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. This led to the second Chechen war. Putin, the second Russian president, refuted the separatist trend of thought with a very tough attitude, blocked Chechnya and launched a military strike. After aerial bombing and ground encirclement and suppression, a large number of Chechen armed forces were wiped out, and Russian troops almost controlled the whole territory of Chechnya. However, the remaining Chechen armed forces are fragmented, adopting guerrilla tactics inside and outside Chechnya, and assassinations and terrorist activities frequently occur. Especially in the past two years, Chechen militants have been rampant, constantly creating terrorist attacks, causing a large number of casualties and property losses. At the beginning of February 2000, Russian troops captured Grozny, the capital of Chechnya, and achieved a decisive victory in counter-insurgency operations. On June 8th, Putin signed an order on direct presidential administration of Chechnya, which was implemented by kazantsev, the president's representative in the North Caucasus. /kloc-in June, Chechen mufti and former maskhadov government opposition Kadyrov were appointed as the head of the interim government. At the beginning of 200 1, Putin ordered the transfer of the task of eliminating Chechen bandits from the Ministry of National Defense to the Federal Security Service. A government and a permanent administrative body were established in Chechnya, and iria Soff, the former head of stavropol government, was appointed as the Prime Minister of the new Chechen government. This marks the beginning of Chechnya's transition from a state of war to a normal state. Since February, 20001year, the authorities are from Chechen army. After the "9. 1 1" incident, the position of the United States on the Chechen issue has obviously softened due to the need to establish a global anti-terrorist alliance. Chechen separatists have been hit hard politically, unable to launch a counterattack militarily, and regard making terrorist attacks as the only effective means to obstruct the peace process in Chechnya. In the second half of 2002, terrorist activities in Chechnya became increasingly rampant, and federal military aircraft were shot down with missiles many times, creating many vicious terrorist incidents. 10 10 On October 23rd, Chechen terrorists occupied a theater in Moscow and took nearly 800 hostages, demanding to stop the Chechen war and withdraw the federal troops from Chechnya. Russian special forces took action on 10126 October, supplemented by the use of anesthetic chemical gas and other means. 129 After the hostage died, all the other hostages were rescued. On February 27th, 65438, Chechen terrorists drove two cars full of explosives into the Chechen government building, resulting in the complete destruction of the building, killing at least 83 people and injuring 100 people. Chechen independents believe that Russia's alleged anti-terrorist action is actually a massacre. The first Chechen war and the second Chechen war were essentially colonial wars. In more than ten years, 30% Chechens have been killed, and many Chechen women's husbands or sons have disappeared for no reason. They collected and recorded hundreds of videos of terrorist crimes and smuggled them to Europe to complain to the International Court of Human Rights. As far as the impact is concerned, some Chechen women who lost their loved ones chose to join the terrorist incident of suicide by bomb. On May 9, 2004, a bomb exploded in Chechnya, killing President Ahmad Kadyrov on the spot. On March 4th, 2006, Ramzan Kadyrov, son of Ahmad Kadyrov, was appointed as the Prime Minister of the Chechen Republic. On April 5, 2007, Ramzan Kadyrov was sworn in as President of Chechnya. On April 6, 2009, the Russian authorities announced the official end of the Chechen war. 20 10 On March 29th, at 7: 55 am and 8: 40 am, the subway stations in Lubyanka and Cultural Park in Moscow exploded respectively. According to the Russian Ministry of Health and Social Development, 39 people were killed and 102 people were injured. Websites related to Chechen separatists claimed responsibility for the Moscow subway explosion on the 29th. On 201010/month 19, the Chechen parliament building in Lenin district of Grozny was attacked by militants, killing 6 people and injuring 17 people. 201165438+1On October 24th, a suicide bomb exploded at Domodedovo airport in Moscow, killing more than 30 people and injuring nearly 200 others. Chechen rebels claimed responsibility for the incident, saying that their organization would work to establish a "free Islamic country" in the North Caucasus. This "special action" was a response to Russia's "criminal behavior" in the Caucasus.