Because of the chaos in the world. I have to take this as my heart tonight. I always want to be remonstrated by the public, and the public needs to be remonstrated. Can people say they have different opinions, but they just don't accept them? If you can't persuade others, can you persuade others? In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong said: "Since ancient times, many emperors have let their emotions go. Happy people will be rewarded with reactive power at random, and unhappy people will kill innocent people. So the country declined and the world was in chaos. I don't care about him every night. I always hope that you will try your best to give advice, and you should also accept other people's advice. How can it be because other people's words are different from yours? If you can't accept other people's advice, how can you advise others? .
2. What is the full text of Guan in classical Chinese? Lu Chunqiu is twenty-three expensive. The original words are extremely angry, and anger is dangerous.
Without a saint, who wants to take risks? Those who are not sages will benefit from it; Those who want profit, what are the benefits of making danger? Therefore, unscrupulous masters have no sages. Without a saint, you can't smell extreme words. If you don't smell extreme words, you will be a traitor and pay attention to all evil.
If so, there is nothing. Where the country is, the safety of the Lord is there.
I don't know why, although survival will inevitably lead to death, although security will inevitably lead to danger. So we can't ignore it.
Qi Huangong, Guan Zhong, Bao Shu and Ning Qi drink together. After a full meal, Huan Gong said to Uncle Bao, "Why not live a long life?" Holding the cup, he said, "You never forget to leave Ju, Guan Zhong never forget to stay in Lu, and Ning Qi never forget to eat and live under the car."
Duke Huan left the table, bowed again and said, "If the doctor and I can not forget the master, Qi will be lucky!" " At this time, Huan Gong can keep his word. You can talk to the extreme, so you can talk to it.
King Jingwen is like a yellow dog, and the road is like a dream. Dan's heroine, a prostitute, refused to listen to the DPRK for years.
Bao Shen said, "The first kings were Bu Naibao and Ji Ye. Today's king is like a yellow dog, and the road is difficult. Dan's heroine, a prostitute, refused to listen to the DPRK for years.
The king's crimes should be punished. "The king said," If you don't wear your clothes as babies, you will hate princes. I want to change it. "
Bao Shen said, "I dare not annul the order of my late king. The king's impunity is to abolish the orders of his predecessor.
I would rather blame the king than the former king. "The king said," in order to fulfill your promise. "
Wang Fu, take the seat. Bao Zheng tied fifty Jing, knelt down and put it on his back. If this happens again, he said, "get up!" " The king said, "if you have a name, you will get it!" " Shen Yue said, "I am ashamed of a gentleman, but I feel sorry for him.
If the sense of shame remains unchanged, what good is pain? "Bao Zheng interesting, gravity Yu Yuan, please die. King Wen said, "This is not a mistake. What is the charge of protecting God? " Wang Nai changed his mind, called Bao Shen, killed the dog, analyzed Wan Lu's embarrassment and let him go.
Jing Guo was thirty-nine years old. For this person, the vast Jing state reserved the right to apply for the world heritage and made great contributions.
Guan Zhong During the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong (about 723 BC-645 BC), a statesman of the State of Qi, was a representative figure of Legalists in the Spring and Autumn Period and a descendant of Zhou Muwang. He was a famous philosopher, politician and strategist in ancient China.
Known as "the pioneer of Legalism", "the teacher of saints", "the protector of Chinese civilization" and "the first phase of China". In the thirty-third year of Gong (698 BC), Guan Zhong began to assist Gong Zijiu.
In the first year of Qi Huangong (685 BC), Guan Zhong was appointed as Qi Xianggong. Guan Zhong vigorously reformed during his tenure, that is, Guan Zhong's reform made Qiang Bing rich.
In the forty-first year of Qi Huangong (645 BC), Guan Zhong died of illness. The main achievement is administrative reform. Guan Zhong rectified the administrative management system, and "the three countries despise each other".
The so-called "Three Kingdoms" is to divide the whole country into 2 1 townships, 15 townships for scholars, 3 townships for industry, 3 townships for business, and set up three officials to manage. The so-called "Five Flags" is to divide Bi Ye (the vast area outside the capital) into five genera, which are in charge of five doctors and five officials.
It belongs to four levels: county, township, pawn and city, and is managed by county, township, pawn and company officials respectively. The purpose of rectifying the administrative system is to "settle down the houses", so that scholars, peasants, industry and commerce can go their own ways, thus completely eliminating the residual influence of tribes, making the organizational structure of administrative areas more detailed and effectively maintaining social stability.
He put forward the principle of employing people: "those who are unclear about righteousness and righteousness should not be placed in the position of respect;" Those who have never seen their technology in China cannot be rewarded; " If you don't trust the people, you can't be a big official. "In today's words, when appointing all officials, they must be based on their actual achievements, especially the real achievements that win the trust of the people, rather than false and superficial achievements.
In addition, he also summed up a set of specific measures to reward and punish officials at all levels. Those who are outstanding in "filial piety", "cleverness" and "boxing courage" in junior high school are recommended by the township head for trial use. Those who are qualified are appointed as officials, and those who are qualified can be promoted until they are promoted to assistant.
To some extent, selecting talents and appointing people on their merits has broken through the system of "Shi Qing Shi Lu" and expanded the source of talents. This system became the embryonic form of the imperial examination system in the future. Politically, Guan Zhong advocated attaching importance to economy and agriculture, opposing empty talk and creating vocational skills education.
Qiang Bing, who advocates the reform of the rich country, said: "A country with more wealth is far away, while a land is far away. The granary knows etiquette, honor and disgrace." The concept of materialism that "matter determines consciousness" is quite close to the idea of Guanzi. Qi Huangong respected Guan Zhong as "Guan Zhong" and authorized him to preside over a series of political and economic reforms: dividing administrative regions throughout the country, organizing military establishment and setting up official management; Establishing a talent selection system can be regarded as "the praise of superiors" (assistant) after three trials; Taxes are classified according to land, and nobles are forbidden to plunder private property; Develop the salt and iron industry and adjust the price of coins.
The essence of Guanzhong reform is to reform the land and population system. Guanzhong's reform has achieved remarkable results, greatly enhancing the national strength of Qi.
Externally, Guan Zhong first put forward the nationalist thought of "distinguishing between China and foreign countries" and "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries". Unite with neighboring countries in the north to resist the invasion of Shanrong nationality.
This diplomatic strategy has also been successful. Later, Confucius lamented: "Guan Zhong is a prince, a tyrant and a conqueror, and the people are blessed by him today.
Wei Guanzhong, I was left behind. Is it true that when people forgive, they will cross the ditch and blaspheme, but they don't know it? "He said," Huan Gong and nine kings joined forces, not by chariots, but by Guan Zhong's help.
As its kernel, as its kernel. "People commented on Confucius:" I'm a little embarrassed.
"("The Analects of Confucius ") means: Guan Zhong assisted Qi Huangong to be the overlord of vassals and respected Wang Ba. If it weren't for Guan Zhong, we would all be barbarians with long hair and open skirts.
He also said, "Duke Huan and the Nine Kings control Zhong Zhong's power as benevolence, as benevolence, without using personnel carriers!" Historian Sima Qian: "Guan Zhong is a so-called virtuous minister in the world, and Confucius is a villain. Do you think that the decline of Zhou Dao, constant public virtue, and not being king, is bullying? As the saying goes, we will make it beautiful and save it evil, so that we can date from top to bottom.
What does Guan Zhong mean? "Zhuge Liang is a famous official in Shu Han. He often compares himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi. In history, Guan Zhong was in harmony, making Qi the first of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Zhuge Liang's visit to Shu made Liu Bei share the world with Cao Cao and Sun Quan.
Both of them worked hard, devoted themselves and made great contributions. Li Jing, a famous scholar in Tang Dynasty: If Le Yi.
3. Help me translate the classical Chinese Yangzui, which is the temple of words. This is a flood shooter. In the twelfth year of Zheng De, he was admitted to Jinshi. Be appointed Minister of Industry. I went to Shanxi to pay the rent tax in arrears, and I sympathize with the poverty of the people. He came back without inviting the emperor. Leo Lee impeached him, and the emperor ordered him to go. Yang Zui and Yu Shi Niu Tianlin tried their best to explain the poverty situation of the poor and asked for an extension of the collection. The emperor agreed to his request. Successive card shark. He used to control the floods in the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River. Just as Sejong advised the emperor when he acceded to the throne: "Baoying Shuguang Lake is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, and the ship only needs to travel more than 30 miles from the lake. The dam in the northeast is only three feet above the water. When it rains and winds, it will burst, affecting the transportation of ships, and the fertile fields of Cheng Jian, Xinghua, Tongzhou and Taizhou will all suffer disasters. Just like Bai Gui's construction of Gaoyou Jikang Lake levee, ministers should be specially appointed to build inland rivers and heighten the old levee as an outer barrier, so as to ensure that there will be no flood in a hundred years. This is an excellent countermeasure. Secondly, planting multiple wooden stakes along the river can stop the storm to a certain extent and increase the thickness of the old dike, which will not be too low and can also support for many years. If you just plug the gaps and gaps, I hope there will be no accidents for the time being, and it will rain heavily. If it accumulates into a big wave, there will be no countermeasures. " After analysis and study, the Ministry of Industry decided to adopt his second suggestion. Later, he became the magistrate of Ningbo. It is very convenient for the people to ask the emperor to allow the people in eastern Zhejiang to stop paying their property and order them to use silver instead. After many promotions, he was appointed as a provincial judge in Guizhou and later became a servant in North Korea. Ming Shizong loved immortals, and Gu Cunren, AG and Wang Nayan were all convicted for speaking disrespectfully. There happened to be an alchemist named Duan Chaoyong who, relying on Guo Xun, dedicated more than 100 pieces of platinum utensils he made to the emperor, saying that with this, he could invite immortals. The emperor immediately called him to talk, and he was very happy. Duan Chaoyong said: The emperor lives in the deep palace and should not be in contact with outsiders. Will be refined into gold and get the medicine of immortality. The emperor was even happier and ordered the minister to let the prince supervise the affairs of state. "I will retire for a year or two and then manage state affairs as before." The audience was shocked and dared not speak. Yang Zui bluntly remonstrated with the emperor and said, "Your Majesty is in his prime, but he wrote a letter to talk about it. He just saw a piece of land and wanted to take medicine to become immortal. Immortals are made by people who practice in the mountains. Where can someone live in a luxurious palace, wear gorgeous clothes and eat exquisite food, but fly to the sky during the day? Even if I am stupid, I dare not follow the instructions. " The emperor was furious, and immediately ordered Yang to be drunk and put in prison, and the rod punishment was repeatedly banned. Yang was drunk and died before the rod punishment was finished.
After Yang Zui died, the prince's suggestion of supervising the country was not implemented. The next year, Guo Xun died in prison for his crime, and Duan Chao's scam was also discovered and later executed. In the first year, Yang was appointed as the rightmost deputy capital, posthumous title Zhongyi.
4. At the beginning of translating the original classical Chinese, Zhang Guang, with the assistance of the Prime Minister, went to find the King of Yue. After Taiping, the enemy came to power and imposed exorbitant taxes, but the benevolence rate should not be. Guangfu said angrily: "will the country despise the marshal?" He Zheng Can can't leave! Ren Jie, you have surpassed the king in the chaos in Runan. " Ren Jie said: "Today, Yue Wang died, but Wan Yue Wang was born!" On the other hand, Ren Jie said: "Dong Rong, a public figure in the Ming Dynasty, spent more than 200,000 yuan, was robbed there, was displaced far away, and created great wealth. This is not the death of a king of Yue, but the life of a king of Yue. " Moreover, the coerced person is not self-sufficient, and principle should be the first. Since the arrival of the heavenly soldiers, those who abandon the city and surrender must not be defeated, and the rope has fallen in all directions. Why do you want to kill those who surrender? However, I was afraid of being angry, so I let Fang cut my sword and chop off my feet. When I plead for the north, I will die! "Therefore, he was praised by Guangfu and left him in Fuzhou Secretariat. Looking for Weizhou secretariat to return, Weihui is a big bank, and the people moved to the civil history in order to establish a shrine. And you, the government is sad; Then God sent Wenchang to the left; Zhongzong Chao, a gift to Sikong; Rui Zongchao pursued Liang Guogong. Sorrow and honor are prepared for three dynasties, and the generation is not comparable to it. Datang Xinyu? Political ability
At first, Zhang Guang, as prime minister, crusaded against the King of Yue and put down the rebellion of the King of Yue. After that, the soldiers relied on their power to collect wealth from the local people unscrupulously. Di Renjie refused to listen to anything. Zhang Guangfu was very angry and said, "Do your state officials look down on Marshal? Why not hand in the requisitioned materials? De Renjie, are you rebelling in Runan just a king? " Emperor Renjie said: "Now one king of Yue is dead, but thousands of king of Yue in Qian Qian are born again." Zhang Guangfu questioned the meaning of this sentence. Di Renjie said: "You personally led more than 200,000 troops, and wherever you went, you robbed and plundered people near and far. They were so traumatized that they were bound to risk their lives (rebellion). Isn't it that one king of Yue died and thousands of king of Yue were born again? People who followed the King of Yue (rebellion) were inevitably unwilling to persist, so (the court) announced the decree first (pardoning these people). Since the sudden arrival of the imperial army, countless people have given up the city and surrendered to the court. The surrenders slipped down from the city with ropes and stepped on a string of paths around the city. ). Why did those who connived at the exploits kill those who surrendered to the imperial court? I'm afraid it will make people complain for more than nine days! If you can, please invite Fang to come to broken arrow. This sword will kill you. At that time, I will plead guilty to the court. Even if (I) die, it will be the same as living (press: meaning that its merits will always be remembered in the hearts of the people). " For this reason, he was framed by Zhang Guangfu and demoted to Fuzhou Secretariat. Soon he was recalled and appointed as the secretariat of Weizhou. When he was in office, his reputation was widely circulated, and the people set up a shrine for him. Later, he became a civil history, and when he died, both the government and the public were extremely sad. Wu Zetian named him Wenchang Jacky, Tang Zhongzong named him Sikong, and Tang Ruizong posthumously named him Liang Guogong. The glory he won after his death lasted for three generations of emperors, and no one in contemporary times can compare with him.
5. Classical Chinese translation Gao Deng, word Yan Xian, Zhangpu people.
I lost my father at an early age, studied hard and exercised restraint. In the second year of Shaoxing, he was questioned by the emperor in the imperial court and answered completely according to his own mind. He knew everything and said everything. The competent authorities hated his integrity, so they named him the master book of Fuchuan, and later appointed him as a student of Hezhou.
In the past, there was Tian She in the state school, and the state filed a lawsuit to remove it and put it under the management of the horse-buying company. Gordon asked to restore the old system, and the satrap said, "Which is more urgent, buying a horse or raising a scholar?" Gordon said: "It is urgent to buy a horse, but the school is the place where etiquette was born. Once abandoned, what is the difference between a scholar and a pawn? " The satrap said, "You are against the Lord!" Gordon said: "The only criteria for ruling the world are manners and laws. Since both can be abandoned, what can we say? " The satrap couldn't change his mind and finally listened to him. At the end of his term, the gentry begged him to stay, but failed. They agreed to give him 500,000 gold coins, leaving no name, and told the magistrate: "Jun Gao has nothing to support his family. I hope the magistrate will persuade him to accept it all."
Gordon doesn't want to accept (or give money), but he can't return it without permission. He (just) asked to put the money in an institution of higher learning to buy books to thank the people. The magistrate of Jingjiang ancient county was granted, and it was put in the hotel after Huzhou satrap Huzhou.
Wang Zao asked him to revise the Records of Huizong with him, but he resolutely refused. Some people say, "this can be used as a ladder for promotion." Gordon said, "It's just that I don't want to do this occasionally."
Then I set off. Shen Hui, captain of Guangxi Garrison, asked Gordon how to manage county affairs, and Gordon told him more than ten things.
Shen Hui said: "This is the practice of the ancients. Now people are treacherous, I am afraid it is not feasible. " A: "Faithfulness can be carried out in the wild. If you say impossible, it is impossible to have sincerity. "
Hao Min Qin Hu took control of the village, holding officials hostage, nicknamed "Qin Dachong", and he surrendered to all the doctors in the city. Gordon has come, and he has changed a lot. Gordon is also happy for his improvement and added him to the academic post.
One day, Hu made a personal request, and Gordon refused him. Qin Hu was resentful and tried to slander Gordon by framing him. It happened that some people accused Qin Hu of embezzling state money. Gao Dengxian Qin Hu came and scolded him face to face. He was very strict and ordered him to go down. He told the county and the competent department to beat him according to law. Qin Hu died of anger, and the people of the county were happy about it.