A change: matter becomes spirit. We should follow objective laws and correctly understand the external form and internal structure of things. It is equivalent to learning a course. You must understand the content and structure of the course before you can make a correct evaluation of the course.
The second change: the spirit changes into matter. Refers to practice makes true knowledge. When you master a knowledge, you should apply it and practice it in society to test the value of this knowledge.
Three changes: internal and external unification. A simple understanding is seeking truth from facts. For example, the views formed in the brain after seeing things are the same. In other words, when you see something and feel it, you can immediately form a complete view and then express it in an orderly way.
To sum up, the correct thinking is to know the world (viewpoint), and transforming the world (practice or statement) requires unified thinking.
Where do people's correct ideas come from?
Did it fall from the sky? No. Is it inherent in your mind? No, people's correct thinking can only come from social practice, and can only come from three practices: production struggle, class struggle and scientific experiment. People's social existence determines people's thoughts. The correct thought of representing the advanced class, once mastered by the masses, will become a material force to transform society and the world.
People have engaged in various struggles in social practice and gained rich experience, both successful and unsuccessful. Numerous external phenomena are reflected in a person's mind through the five senses of eyes, ears, nose and body, starting with perceptual knowledge. If the material accumulation of this perceptual knowledge is much, it will make a leap and become rational knowledge. This is thought. This is a cognitive process. This is the first stage of the whole cognitive process, that is, from objective matter to subjective spirit, from existence to thought.
Whether the spirit and thoughts (including theories, policies, plans and methods) at this time correctly reflect the laws of the objective outside world has not been confirmed, and it is still uncertain whether it is correct. Then there is the second stage of the cognitive process, that is, the stage from spirit to matter and the stage from thought to existence. This is to apply the knowledge learned in the first stage to social practice and see if these theories, policies, plans and methods can be expected.
Generally speaking, success is right and failure is wrong, especially the struggle between human beings and nature. In social struggle, the forces representing the advanced class sometimes fail, not because of incorrect ideas, but because the advanced forces are temporarily inferior to the reactionary forces, so they fail temporarily, but they will succeed one day.
After the test of practice, people's understanding will leap again. This leap is more meaningful than the last one. Because only this kind of leap can prove whether the first leap is in understanding, that is, ideas, theories, policies, plans, methods and so on. There is no other way to test the truth whether it is right or wrong from the reflection of the objective outside world. The purpose of the proletariat to know the world is only to transform the world, and there is no other purpose.
A correct understanding often needs to be repeated from material to spirit, from spirit to material, that is, from practice to cognition, from cognition to practice, before it can be completed. This is the epistemology of Marxism and dialectical materialism. Many of our comrades still do not understand this epistemological truth. Ask him where his thoughts, viewpoints, policies, methods, plans, conclusions, endless words and great articles come from. He thought it was a strange question and could not be answered. Matter can become spirit, and spirit can become matter, which is also incomprehensible and a common jumping phenomenon in daily life. Therefore, we should educate our comrades in dialectical materialism epistemology, so that they can correct their thinking, be good at investigation and study, sum up experience, overcome difficulties, make fewer mistakes, do a good job, work hard, build a great socialist country, help the oppressed and exploited people in the world, and fulfill our great obligation of internationalism.