Second, the variety problem. The quality of breeds is directly related to the economic benefits of raising pigs. China's local breeds, such as Taihu pig, have strong reproductive ability and good meat quality, but the growth rate is slow, the lean meat is less, and the slaughter rate is low. Therefore, lean meat breeds should be selected first. At present, Duroc boar is used as the male parent, Landrace and Landrace are used as the female parent, and Duroc-Landrace ternary hybrid combination is used to produce commercial pigs, which has the advantages of fast growth, strong disease resistance and high lean meat rate. For large pig farms with more than 100 sows, Du-Chang cross combination should be the first choice. For small-scale or ordinary professional households, you can choose the three-way cross between local varieties and foreign varieties, that is, the binary sow produced by the cross between Landrace and local sow is used as the female parent, and then it is crossed with foreign boars, which has the characteristics of strong adaptability and roughage tolerance, but the daily gain and lean meat rate are not as good as Du Changda.
Third, the choice of pigsty. The pigsty should be far away from the main road 100 meters away. If it is too close to the road, people, cars and logistics are frequent, which is prone to infectious diseases; In addition, the noise is too loud, which affects the growth of pigs. At the same time, the pigsty should be far away from the village and animal products processing factory, and try to choose the downwind of the pigsty, with high terrain and sufficient water.
Fourth, the architectural form of pigsty. The architectural forms of specialized pig farms are divided into three categories: open pigsty, closed pigsty and shed pigsty.
Open pigsty has the advantages of simple construction, material saving, good ventilation and lighting, and easy discharge of harmful gases in pigsty, but the temperature in pigsty can not be controlled artificially, which affects the reproduction and growth of pigs.
Closed piggery usually has single row and double row. Single-row closed pigsty and pigsty are arranged in a row, which has simple structure, good lighting, ventilation and moisture resistance, and is suitable for areas that are not very cold in winter. Double-row closed pigsty is arranged in two rows with a walkway in the middle, which is easy to manage and has good thermal insulation, but the lighting and moisture resistance are not as good as that of single-row pigsty. Suitable for cold areas in winter and fattening pigs.
In the past, pig houses, male pig houses and fat pig houses were all of the same size and model, which was neither economical nor conducive to production management. According to the number of sows on hand and the number of sows released every year, design breeding pig houses, piglet delivery pens, pig pens and fat pig pens. Male pig houses, sow houses and delivery pens can be designed in a single row, and an open-air playground can be attached if conditions permit, which is conducive to breeding pig sports and improving reproductive efficiency. Pigpen and fattening pen can adopt closed double-row design.
Fifth, the feed problem. Pigs at different stages should use compound feed with different nutritional levels, and the feed should be rich in trace minerals and multi-dimensional. In the past, many farmers liked to feed pigs with paste thinner made of boiled water. This way of raising pigs grows slowly because boiled water destroys vitamins and other nutrients in the feed. Feed and drinking water should be separated. Conditional pig farmers can install duckbill drinking fountains 45-60 cm away from the ground of the pen house, so that pigs can drink freely. In addition, you can also feed three points of dry and wet mixture. Specialized households should make full use of local feed resources, such as sweet potatoes, peanut vine powder, etc., and cooperate with concentrated feed to reduce feed costs.