Celebrity name: Da Vinci
Date of birth: 1452- 15 19.
Celebrity title: Italian Renaissance painter, scientist and symbol of human wisdom.
Celebrity country: Italian Renaissance
Introduction of Leonardo da Vinci and his works [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
The Spiritual Representative of the Renaissance-Da Vinci [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
Leonardo da Vinci (1452- 15 19), an Italian Renaissance painter, scientist and symbol of human wisdom, was born in the small town of Finch on the outskirts of Florence, so he was named Finch. At the age of five, he could draw a portrait of his mother on the beach from memory, and at the same time he could improvise and sing with himself. Everyone present was stunned. The Last Supper is the most famous religious painting in the world, while Mona Lisa is the most famous and greatest portrait painting in the world. These two world-famous works make Leonardo da Vinci's name go down in history. Leonardo da vinci's unique artistic language uses light and shade to create a three-dimensional image. He once said: "The greatest miracle of painting is to make a flat painting feel concave and convex."
Da Vinci's artistic achievements/Kloc-started studying in the workshop of painter A.del verrocchio at the age of 0/5. 1472 Join the Artists Association. His personal painting style gradually matured in the mid-1970s. 65482- 1499 lives in France. Besides serving the Duke of Milan, he also works in other arts and sciences. However, The Virgin of the Rock and The Last Supper are his representative works. He traveled to mantua and Venice in 1500. On 1506, he returned to Florence to create the Madonna and Santa Anna and the Mona Lisa, and began to paint murals for the city hall. /kloc-went to Milan in 0/507 and worked in the French court. 15 16 went to France again and finally settled in Amboise. In his later years, he seldom painted, devoted himself to scientific research, and left a lot of notes and manuscripts when he died, covering almost everything from physics, mathematics to biological anatomy. Few paintings have been completed in his life, but they are all immortal. His works have obvious personal style, and he is good at combining artistic creation with scientific discussion. This is
When his early works were studied in verrocchio's workshop, he showed extraordinary painting genius. In about 1470, when he assisted verrocchio in drawing the baptism of Christ, although he only drew an angel standing beside Christ, his expression, expression and soft color obviously surpassed that of verrocchio. His earliest work "Notice of Pregnancy" is not innovative in composition. However, the description of the background landscape pays attention to the expression of air atmosphere, which shows that he has been committed to solving the dialectical relationship between writing reality and typical treatment from the beginning. Later, he created "The Portrait of Ginef La Debenzhi", which contradicted the tradition of15th century art pursuing clear lines and rendered the perspective effect he advocated with the tone of setting sun reflecting. Doctor came to worship, founded in 2008+048 1. This is a work that marks the maturity of its artistic style. Although the painting was not finished because he went to Milan, it can be seen from the manuscript that its composition and image-building show artistic innovation, which greatly surpasses his teachers and colleagues: the triangle composed of the virgin baby and three doctors is stable, and the architectural relics and galloping horses are accurately seen, which shows that he no longer simply lists the relevant figures from the narrative point of view. On the contrary, he completely changed the traditional theme. The dark painting method he adopted made the characters stand out from the shadows, broke through the characteristics of traditional painting, and revealed it completely, indicating the arrival of the Renaissance. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
1482, Leonardo da Vinci came to Milan, and at the invitation of Sanfrancesco Church, he painted the altar painting "Madonna of the Rock". Although this work in Paris is still a traditional theme, its characterization, deep carving in caves and flowers and plants among rocks have all been truly depicted. It proves that his smoky brushwork has reached a new level in fax realism and artistic treatment. The Last Supper is the most famous work of his period. This wet mural shows the farewell scene of Christ before his arrest and the last supper of his disciples. It was painted in the dining room of the monastery of Santa Maria Derlager Hin in Milan. It has ingenious composition and unique camp layout. The hall on the screen is closely connected with the building structure of the restaurant in life, which makes the viewer feel that the scene in the painting seems to happen right in front of him. In the layout of characters, Christ leaves the center of the picture in the form of an inverted table, and other disciples show their feelings of panic, anger, doubt, repentance and panic through their different gestures and expressions. This typical character description highlights the theme of painting and complements the unified effect of composition. It is the most perfect example in the history of art. Leonardo da Vinci returned to Florence in 1500. With the restoration of the Republican system, the cultural atmosphere was once active, and outstanding figures such as Michelangelo and Raphael appeared in the painting world. An elaborate sketch of the Virgin Mary and Santa Anna that he exhibited to the public immediately caused a sensation, and its composition principle and painting method had a great influence in the art world. Michelangelo and Raphael were also inspired by it. 1503 began to paint murals for the conference hall of the city hall (because he went to Milan again, he never finished painting), and at the same time he created Mona Lisa, Notre Dame and Santa Anna. These are two works that he cherished very much. He always took them with him, moved to France in his later years, and finally left Paris. [www.365zn.com, click to enter.
In Leonardo da Vinci's artistic heritage, a large number of sketches are also worthy of attention. These sketches, like his official works, have reached a high level and are regarded as models of sketch art, which are characterized by meticulous observation, rigid and flexible lines, and being good at expressing subtle changes of light and shadow with oblique lines of different densities. Every work of leonardo da vinci is based on sketches. His artistic theory is scattered in more than 5,000 notes and unfinished drafts.
The Mona Lisa Da Vinci Oil Painting 1503- 1506 77×53 cm is now in the Louvre [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
Mona Lisa (about 1503- 1506) (wood oil painting 77x53cm) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
It is said that the famous Louvre in France has three treasures: one is Aphrodite of Milos; The second is the goddess of victory in Samothrace; The third one is the Mona Lisa. It is unknown who wrote the first two works, but the Mona Lisa was written by Leonardo da Vinci in the Italian Renaissance, but it is almost a household name. Those magical and dedicated eyes, those soft and red cheeks, those lips touched by the heart, and the subtle and ambiguous smile of Mona Lisa are always puzzling ... [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
According to historical records, the Mona Lisa was the wife of Giocondo, a famous Florence banker at that time. In order to arouse her inner feelings, Leonardo da Vinci once invited a pianist to play for her and a clown to perform for her. However, this well-informed, indifferent and rational woman did not let the painter get what he wanted to capture, so the painter had to drag on and off for three years. One day, the rich man was browsing. Water buoyancy and atmospheric buoyancy; There are some similarities between ducks gliding in the water and birds flying in the air. Duck's paw gliding is simple, but it hides some secrets of aircraft flight. When this indifferent and sensible woman heard these words, she thought that once the aircraft was successfully designed, human beings would be able to fly freely in the air ... It suddenly caused a great shock and showed a heartfelt smile. This rare heartfelt smile was immediately captured by Leonardo da Vinci. In fact, the unforgettable "smile" written by Leonardo da Vinci is not a concrete expression of Madame Giocondo, but an abstract, universal and typical smile, which is owned by Mona Lisa, owned by Leonardo da Vinci and shared by all of us. Perhaps this is the greatness of Mona Lisa. However, it further broke through the limitations of Greek classical art in humanistic characteristics, and set an example for the later art to further move towards true, objective, deeper, more internal and more subtle performance. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
The Last Supper1495-1498 420× 910cm is now in the monastery of Saint Mary Jader in Milan [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
The Last Supper (about 1498) (mural 460x880cm) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
On the eve of celebrating Passover, Jesus and his twelve disciples sat at the table and had dinner to celebrate Passover. There are thirteen people at the dinner table, and this is the last time they eat together. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
At the dinner table, Jesus suddenly felt very annoyed. He told his disciples that one of them would betray him. But Jesus didn't say he was Judas, and the disciples didn't know who would betray Jesus. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
The Last Supper by the great Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci is the most famous of all works on this subject. He painted this picture directly on the dining room wall of a monastery in Milan. The twelve disciples sat in four groups along the dining table, and Jesus sat in the middle of the dining table. He spread out his hands in a sad posture, indicating that some of his disciples had betrayed him. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
Most disciples jumped up with excitement, but the image of Jesus was so calm. We can see his clear outline against the window of the background wall. Through the window, we can see the quiet scenery, and the blue sky is like the light wheel on Jesus' head. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
In the group on Jesus' right, we see a dark face. He leaned back as if he were avoiding Jesus. His elbow was propped on the dining table and he was holding a wallet. We know that he is Judas the traitor. [www.365zn.com, click enter].
The purse in Judas' hand is his symbol, reminding us that he is the one who keeps money for Jesus and other disciples. The wallet contains the reward of selling Jesus' thirty silver coins. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
Even if he doesn't have a wallet, we can identify the evil enemy Judas through Leonardo da Vinci's paintings. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
Next to the shadow of Judas is St. Peter. We can also see that he has a silver head and white hands. He leans towards young St. John. Peter hung his hips, holding a knife in his right hand, as if by accident, and the tip of the knife was pointed at Judas' back. St John's head hangs down to Peter. Of all the disciples, he is Jesus' favorite. John is as calm as Jesus, and he has understood his master's words.
On Jesus' left is James Jr. He tried to understand the terrible words he heard. He shouted with open hands. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
Looking over Jacob's shoulder, we saw St. Thomas, the puzzled Thomas, whose suspicious eyes were expressed through his upright fingers. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
On the other side of Jacob, St. Philip leaned over Jesus and put his hands on his chest as if to say, "You know my heart, and you know that I would never betray you." His face was pained by love and loyalty. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
The six disciples around Jesus are the center of the story. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
Bartholomew and old Jacob leaned over to them, but old Andrew next to them didn't stand up, but he wanted to listen, so he raised his hand and seemed to ask for silence. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
There are three disciples left on the right. They are discussing a sentence about Jesus, and their fingers are pointing to the center of the table. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
Everything they saw happened in this masterpiece, but every time we appreciate it, we will get new meaning from the feelings and character of our disciples. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
The Madonna and Saint Anne Da Vinci151068×112cm are now in the Louvre [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
Altar painting of Madonna in the Rock,189.5×119.5cm, now in the National Gallery of London [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
Our rock lady (about 1503- 1506) (altar painting189.5x1kloc-0/9.5cm) is now in the National Gallery of London. [www.365zn.com, click enter].
This painting was made at the request of a religious group for a chapel in the church of San Francisco in Milan. This painting centers on the Virgin Mary. She holds the infant St. John in her right hand, and sits the infant Jesus in her left hand. An angel forms a triangle behind Jesus and responds to each other with gestures. The background is a deep cave, which is dotted with flowers and plants. The cave is transparent and bare. Although this painting is a traditional theme, the expression and composition layout show that Leonardo da Vinci's artistic level is profound. The exquisite depiction of characters and backgrounds, the application of techniques such as smoky brushwork, scientific realism, perspective and contraction show that he has reached a new level in dealing with the dialectical relationship between realistic realism and artistic treatment. This painting marks the beginning of Leonardo da Vinci's creative period. [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
The board of Notre Dame and the swaddling Leonardo da Vinci were transferred to the canvas 50× 31cm1478-1480, which is now in the Tashi Museum in Elmy, Leningrad [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
Da Vinci Chronicle: [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
1452 April 15 Sergio pierrot da Vinci and Katrina were born in Wenxi village, Florence [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
/kloc-entered verrocchio's studio in 0/465 and became an introductory disciple (13 ~ 14 years old) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
1473 creation of imperial edict [www.365zn.com, click to enter]
1476, he was accused of having same-sex love with other disciples in verrocchio. Because he denied it, he was finally released (24 years old) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
1482 painting "Worship the Three Sages" and returning to Milan (30 years old) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
1483 was accepted by San Francisco, and the cathedral ordered the Madonna on the rock (3 1 year old) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
1495 started painting the last supper (43 years old) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
1502 ~ 03 returned to Florence to start painting the Mona Lisa (50 years old) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
15 16 at the invitation of the French king, I went to Amboise, France (64 years old) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
1565438+ passed away in Amboise on May 2, 2009 (at the age of 67) [www.365zn.com, click to enter].
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Name: Da Vinci Sex: Male Date of Birth: 1452 Country: Italy Da Vinci was the first painter in the Italian Renaissance and one of the most outstanding representatives in the whole European Renaissance. He is a profound, knowledgeable and versatile artist, master of science, literary theorist, great philosopher, poet, musician, engineer and inventor. He has made great contributions in almost every field. Later scholars called him "the most perfect representative of the Renaissance", "first-class scholar" and "prodigy". He deserves all the praise, even more. 1. Leonardo da Vinci (1452- 15 19) was born in Kiano village near the Italian town of Finch, which is close to Florence. Leonardo da vinci is an illegitimate child and spent his childhood in his grandfather's grange. Da Vinci was smart and studious when he was a child, and he had a wide range of interests. He sings very well and learned to play the pipa very early. His impromptu singing, whether it is lyrics or tunes, is amazing. He loves painting very much and often paints for his neighbors. He has the reputation of "painting prodigy". The leonardo da vinci family was a noble family in Florence at that time. His father, pierrot, wanted Da Vinci to be a lawyer like himself, but something happened later that made pierrot change his mind and decided to let Da Vinci Jr. learn painting. At that time, pierrot was entrusted by a farmer to draw a shield painting. He heard that his son could paint and wanted to try his son's painting skills, so he gave the task to Little Finch. With rich imagination, Little Finch spent a month drawing a terrible monster. This monster has fireball-like eyes, an open maw, and flames and poison gas spew out of his nostrils. It looks terrible. After the work was finished, Little Finch invited his father to his room. He covered half the window and erected an easel where the light just fell on the monster. When pierrot walked into the room for the first time, he saw this hideous monster at a glance and cried with fear. The sparrow smiled and said to her father, "Please accept it, it is the effect it should have." Convinced that his son had a talent for painting, pierrot sent Finch to Florence to study plastic arts systematically under the guidance of the famous artist Rocchio. At this time, Da Vinci was only 14 years old. Rocchio's original boat was a famous art center in Florence at that time, where Italian humanists often gathered to discuss academic issues. Da Vinci established a large number of well-known humanists, artists and scientists here, and began to accept the influence of humanism. By the age of 20, Leonardo da Vinci had already achieved high artistic attainments. He used brushes and carving knives to express the truth, goodness and beauty of nature and real life, and enthusiastically praised the happiness of life and the beauty of nature. Leonardo da vinci is not satisfied with his talent. He wants to master all fields of human thought. He has a unique vision, capable work and artistic soul. Once, he got lost in the mountains and came to a dark cave. When he later recalled this experience, he said, "I suddenly had two emotions-fear and longing: I was afraid of the dark cave and wanted to see if there would be anything strange in it." His life has been bound by these two emotions-he is afraid of the unknowable mystery of life, but he wants to expose, study, explain its meaning and describe its grandeur. He made up his mind to be a researcher, a teacher, and especially an artist. Leonardo da vinci, a great scientist, has made amazing achievements in both art and natural science. His vision and scientific knowledge are beyond his time. In the early Renaissance, people blindly accepted traditional ideas and worshipped ancient authorities and classical works. People learn scientific knowledge only by studying Aristotle's theory like the Bible, and only believe in written records. Leonardo da Vinci opposed the scholastic philosophers' taking the past teaching and speech as the knowledge base, and encouraged people to learn from nature and seek knowledge and truth from nature. He believes that knowledge comes from practice, and only by starting from practice can we explore the mysteries of science through practice. He said that "it is the greatest misfortune that theory is divorced from practice" and "practice should be based on good theory". Leonardo da Vinci put forward and mastered this advanced scientific method, and applied it to scientific research, making great contributions to natural science. This method, which he proposed, was later developed by Galileo and theoretically summarized by British philosopher Francis Bacon, and became the most basic method of modern natural science. Leonardo da Vinci believed in science. He hated religion and attacked Catholicism as a "shop selling deception". He said, "There is only one truth. He is not in religion, but in science. " Leonardo da Vinci's experimental working method paved the way for the later inventions of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler and Newton. In astronomy, Leonardo da Vinci held a negative view of the traditional "geocentric theory". He believes that the earth is not the center of the solar system, let alone the center of the universe, but just a planet orbiting the sun, and the sun itself does not move. Leonardo da Vinci also thought that the moon itself did not shine, but only reflected the sun's brilliance. His view was put forward earlier than Copernicus's "Sun-centered Theory". Even then, Leonardo da Vinci fantasized about using solar energy. In physics, Leonardo da Vinci rediscovered the concept of liquid pressure and put forward the principle of communication device. He pointed out: in communication devices, the liquid level of the same liquid is the same, the liquid level of different liquids is different, and the height of liquid is inversely proportional to density. He discovered the principle of inertia, which was later proved by Galileo's experiment. He believes that a projectile initially rises along an inclined straight line, makes a curve displacement under the mixed action of gravity and impulse, and finally runs out of impulse under the action of gravity and makes a vertical falling motion. His discovery shook Aristotle's theory of falling objects. He developed the lever principle, which not only deduced the relationship between acting force and arm length, but also calculated the relationship between speed and arm length. He pointed out that perpetual motion machine is impossible as an energy source. Leonardo da Vinci also predicted the atomic principle of matter and vividly described the power of atomic energy: "That thing will explode from the ground, ... causing people to die suddenly in silent breathing, and the castle will be completely destroyed. It seems destructive in the air. " Leonardo da vinci has also made great achievements in anatomy and physiology, and is known as the originator of modern physiological anatomy. He mastered the knowledge of human anatomy and studied physiology and medicine from anatomy. He first used wax to express the internal structure of human brain, and was also the first person to imagine making hearts and eyes out of glass and ceramics. He discovered the function of blood and thought that blood played a metabolic role in human body. He said that blood constantly transforms the whole body, bringing nutrition to all parts of the body, and then taking away the waste in the body. Leonardo da Vinci studied the heart. He found that the heart has four chambers and drew the heart valve. He believes that one of the causes of death in the elderly is arteriosclerosis, which is caused by lack of exercise. Later, William Harvey in England confirmed and developed these physiological achievements of Leonardo da Vinci. Leonardo da Vinci's research and inventions also involved military and mechanical aspects. He invented aircraft, helicopters, parachutes, machine guns, grenades, tanks, submarines, double-hull warships, cranes and so on. He also made great contributions in the fields of mathematics and hydraulic engineering. It can be said that Leonardo da Vinci's research involves all departments of natural science, and his thoughts and talents go deep into all fields of human knowledge. He is a rare scholar with all-round development in the world. However, most of Da Vinci's works and manuscripts were published many years after his death. Dampier, a historian of science, said of Leonardo da Vinci, "If he publishes his works, science will jump to the situation a hundred years later." When it comes to artistic creation, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael achieved the highest achievements in the Renaissance. Their artistic achievements reached the second peak of western plastic arts after ancient Greece, and reached the first peak in Europe only in painting. Among them, Leonardo da Vinci is the most prominent, and Engels called him a giant among giants. In terms of artistic creation, Leonardo da Vinci solved three difficult problems of plastic arts-architecture, sculpture and painting: 1, and solved the design of memorial central dome building and the planning of ideal city; 2. Completed the task of15th century, which has been a headache for sculptors; 3. Solved two important problems in painting at that time-memorial murals and altar paintings. Leonardo da Vinci's artistic works not only reflect things like mirrors, but also express them by thinking, observing and choosing beautiful parts of nature, thus guiding his own creation. Mural The Last Supper, Altar Madonna in the Rock and Portrait Mona Lisa are three masterpieces of his life. These three works are the treasures left by Leonardo da Vinci to the world art treasure house and the cornerstone of European art. Leonardo da Vinci, the representative of the Renaissance spirit, had more and wider fantasies than anyone in the Renaissance. He is profound in thought and knowledge. He studied all the mysteries of nature and life with a never-ending spirit of exploration. He integrated art and science, reason and emotion, body and spirit, inherited and carried forward the humanistic thought and realistic expression of predecessors, pushed art to an unprecedented height and made great contributions to the development of natural science. Leonardo da Vinci is well-deserved "the most perfect representative of the Renaissance". Madonna, self-portrait, Last Supper, Madonna of the Rock, Mona Lisa.