1. Grottoes, commonly known as Thousand Buddha Cave, are located in Dunhuang at the western end of Hexi Corridor. Founded in the pre-Qin period of the Sixteen Countries, after the Sixteen Countries, Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Five Dynasties, Xixia and Yuan Dynasties, it has formed a huge scale, with 735 caves, 45,000 square meters of murals and 24 15 clay sculptures. It is the largest and richest Buddhist art site in the world. 196 1 year, the State Council, People's Republic of China (PRC) announced the Mogao grottoes as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 1987, Mogao grottoes was listed as a world cultural heritage.

2. The Mogao Grottoes were founded in the Sixteen Kingdoms period. According to the book "Li Kerang Rebuilds the Monument of Mogao Grottoes" in Tang Dynasty, in 366 BC, in the second year of the founding of Qin Dynasty, Monk Lezun passed by this mountain and suddenly saw the golden light shining like a Buddha, so he dug the first grotto on the rock wall.

3. Since then, Zen master Fa Liang and others have continued to build caves here to practice Zen, which is called "Desert Grottoes", meaning "the top of the desert". Later generations renamed it "Mogao Grottoes" because of the common "desert" and "Mo". There is another saying: Buddhists say that it is impossible and impossible to build a Buddha cave because of its infinite merits. Mogao Grottoes means that there is no higher cultivation than building Buddha Grottoes.

4. During the Northern Wei, Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties, the rulers believed in Buddhism, and the construction of grottoes was supported by princes and nobles, which developed rapidly. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, with the prosperity of the Silk Road, the Mogao Grottoes flourished, and there were more than a thousand caves in Wu Zetian. After the Anshi Rebellion, Dunhuang was occupied by Tubo and Guiyi Army successively, but the carving activities were not greatly affected. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Xixia and Yuan Dynasty, the Mogao Grottoes gradually declined, and only the caves of the previous dynasties were rebuilt, with few new buildings.