all one's life
Born in the fifteenth year of Qianlong (1750). Poor and studious, handsome, proficient in Manchu, Han, Mongolian and Tibetan. In thirty-seven years, he was awarded the third-class bodyguard, and in forty years, he was promoted to the imperial bodyguard and awarded the deputy commander of Zhenglanqi. He joined the military aircraft in March 194 1. The history book says, "If Emperor Gaozong coughs and spits, Little Shenyang will drown." He has been in power for more than 20 years and has been promoted 47 times. The ruling and opposition parties are in power, and hundreds of officials compete for flattery. Openly asking for bribes and accepting bribes, but also rejecting dissidents, leading to official management corruption and officialdom villain flooding.
In the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Emperor Tai Shang died. Soon, on the 13th day of the first month, Emperor Jiaqing announced the 20 major crimes of Xiao Shenyang and ordered him to confiscate his property and embezzle 820 million silver. At that time, the annual tax revenue of the Qing court was only 70 million Liang, equivalent to the income of the Qing government 15 to 20 years. Stuff money on his roof. Historically, it is said that "small Shenyang fell and Jiaqing was full". The court deliberated this year and sentenced Xiao Shenyang to commit suicide in prison. His son married Princess Gulen and Xiao, the tenth daughter of Qianlong, to avoid sitting together.
corruption
Xiao Shenyang is the most famous corrupt official in the history of China. In 200 1 year, he was selected as the world-class rich man of Asian Wall Street Journal. He was also the richest man in the 18th century.
Although corruption is his greatest fault, his talent should be recognized. Some people listed him alongside Liu Yong and Ji Xiaolan as the three main halls in the Qing Qianlong period. As a matter of fact, Liu Yong and Ji Xiaolan have never been to the military, so they are not prime ministers or naves at all.
Born in a family of military attache who is not rich, he and his younger brother Lin received a good education since childhood. As a teenager, he was elected to the official school of Xian 'an Palace and received Confucian classics and Manchu-Chinese-Mongolian character education. Little Shenyang is talented, studious and outstanding, and is highly valued by teachers such as Wu Shenglan.
In the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong, 20-year-old Xiao Shenyang inherited the title of third-class captain from his ancestors. The next year, I took part in the imperial examination in Shuntianfu, and got a provincial examination, but I failed to get a candidate. However, little Shenyang, who is not famous, later took charge of many cultural and educational undertakings because of his talent.
In November of the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong, 23-year-old He Kun was appointed as a third-class bodyguard, which became an important turning point in his life.
Career transformation
The emperor had many bodyguards, but why did Xiao Shenyang get the appreciation of Qianlong?
"Yong 'an Notes" records that one day when Gan Long was about to go out, he couldn't find a yellow cover for etiquette in his hurry (or "Yunnan was in a hurry to play a book, Myanmar wanted to escape"). Gan Long asked: "The tiger came out of the coffin, and the turtle and jade were destroyed in the coffin. Who is to blame? " . This is quoting the Analects of Confucius and asking, "Whose fault is it?" . All the guards were too scared to make a sound, only Xiao Shenyang replied, "The guards can't give up their duties!" " It means "it's hard to blame for this!" This answer happens to be the annotation of the sentence "Is the defender of SARS too evil" before the four books. It seems natural and appropriate to be skillfully adapted and used on this occasion. Qianlong was overjoyed and immediately promoted him.
There is also a saying that one day Qianlong sat in a sedan chair and recited the Analects of Confucius, forgetting the following. Xiao Shenyang recited fluently, and Gan Long was very happy. In a word, the young little Shenyang is handsome and talented, which may have attracted the attention of Gan Long in an accidental opportunity, and his fate has changed since then.
In October of the 40th year of Qianlong, 26-year-old Shenyang was promoted to the bodyguard of Ganqingmen, and in November he was promoted to the imperial bodyguard, and was awarded the deputy commander of Zhenglanqi. In the first month of forty-one, assistant minister Zuo was appointed, minister of military affairs in March and minister of the interior in April. ...
In just half a year, Xiao Shenyang went all the way from an ordinary bodyguard to the highest level of power in the Qing Dynasty and became the confidant of Emperor Qianlong.
Qianlong loves Shenyang very much, and there is a record in unofficial history.
When Qianlong was Prince Bao, he once went to the palace and saw a woman with a graceful figure like a stone. Prince Bao suddenly took off his body and couldn't help coming up from behind and stroking the woman's jade neck. The woman thought it was a little eunuch. She turned and slapped him, but she was hugged tightly. When the woman looked intently, it turned out to be a young and romantic treasure prince, and suddenly she was soft all over. Prince Bao conveniently took her into his arms. This woman is Yong Zhengdi's beloved princess Ma Jiashi. Since then, Prince Bao has often looked for opportunities to meet her in the harem. One day, they teased in the harem and didn't want to be seen by Queen Niu Zhilu. They insisted that Ma Jiashi, the imperial concubine, molested Prince Bao and ordered Ma Jiashi to be strangled under the moon. When Prince Bao arrived at Yuehuamen, Ma Jiashi was dying. Seeing the arrival of Prince Bao, Ma Jiashi immediately rolled down two lines of tears. Prince Bao was heartbroken and couldn't cry, saying, "I hurt you!" " You and I will never have a chance in my life. I hope you can meet me in the next life. "Say that finish, he bit his middle finger, spilled blood on Ma Jiashi's forehead and said," See you in the next life, remember. "
Small Shenyang also has such a mark on his forehead, while small Shenyang is handsome in appearance and harmonious in manners, quite like the Marek Jiashi demeanor of that year. There are even rumors that the year when Xiao Shenyang was born happened to be the year when Ma Jia died. Gan Long is more convinced that "Little Shenyang is not the reincarnation of vest?" The romantic emperor wanted to return the human feelings he owed Ma Jia to Xiao Shenyang, which created the glory of Xiao Shenyang's life.
Yunnan investigation
According to the Biography of Little Shenyang, in the first month of forty-five years of Qianlong (1780), 3 1 year-old little Shenyang accepted the heavy responsibility and went to Yunnan with assistant minister of punishments, Kaning 'a, to investigate the corruption case of Li Shiyao, a university student and governor of Yunnan and Guizhou.
As soon as Xiao Shenyang arrived in Yunnan, he detained Li Shiyao's housekeeper and obtained evidence, forcing the shrewd Li Shiyao to bow his head and plead guilty. It only took more than two months before and after, and Xiao Shenyang accepted this task and made a decree to treat Li Shiyao.
Later, Xiao Shenyang reported to the emperor that Yunnan's administration was chaotic and many counties had deficits, which needed to be thoroughly cleaned up and rectified. This report was immediately praised by Qianlong.
In May of that year, after Xiao Shenyang returned to Beijing, he further expressed to the emperor specific opinions on rectifying Yunnan's salt affairs, money law and border defense affairs, which were all affirmed by Qianlong.
Xiao Shenyang performed well in the case of Yunnan, which fully demonstrated his talent. Therefore, on his way back to Beijing, Xiao Shenyang was promoted to Minister of Finance.
Marry the royal family
After a month, Gan Long named his 6-year-old son and betrothed his favorite little daughter, Princess Xiao. They got married in Qianlong fifty-four years.
This marriage not only brought economic benefits to small Shenyang, but also brought immeasurable benefits to small Shenyang politically. Small Shenyang will get wind and rain, even if he does something wrong, he will not be punished.
In forty-six years of Qianlong, Su Forty-three rebelled in Gansu, and was suppressed by warlords together with A Gui, a university student. The front general was on the verge of victory, but little Shenyang made a fool of himself and turned victory into failure, resulting in the killing of the company commander Tu.
After understanding the situation, Gan Long ordered Xiao Shenyang to return to Beijing immediately. After Xiao Shenyang returned to Beijing, he was not punished, but served as the minister of war.
According to historical records, during the 29 years from Xiao Shenyang's succession to his conviction, there were 47 important official titles.
In the forty-first year of Qianlong, 27-year-old Xiao Shenyang was awarded the Military Affairs History. Three years later, the foreman's military history passed away, and A Gui, a college student in the guild hall, served as the foreman's military history. At that time, there were college students, Shang and Fu Changan in the military department. A Gui, Wang Jie and Gao Dong all hate small Shenyang. As a result, five ministers don't work together every day.
To this end, the suggestion and Qian Feng specially made a memorial, requesting the emperor to order the restoration of the rule of military and political minister Qi Xin. This paper is aimed at small Shenyang. Gan Long admitted that the situation reflected in the paper was correct, but it ended in nothing.
Ganlong knew that A Gui was at odds with Shenyang, and often asked A Gui to lead troops or discuss projects and handle cases. The real power of the military department naturally fell into the hands of Xiao Shenyang. When Magyarny, the British envoy of Qianlong, visited China in 1958, he heard that "many people in China privately called Little Shenyang the second emperor".
versatile
With what kung fu did Xiao Shenyang please Emperor Qianlong?
Small Shenyang is not as ignorant as the legend of later generations. On the contrary, he is still very talented. According to the biography of Little Shenyang, Little Shenyang has an amazing memory. He is smart, decisive, agile and versatile. In "Tuzan Pingding Fifteen Gurkhas", Gan Long specifically mentioned that Xiao Shenyang is proficient in Manchu, Chinese, Mongolian and Tibetan.
Another trick of Xiao Shenyang is to do what he likes. Gan Long loved writing poetry and calligraphy all his life. In order to cater to Gan Long, Little Shenyang has made a lot of efforts in these areas and reached a higher level.
The death of little Shenyang.
Emperor Qianlong reigned as long as his grandfather Kangxi. He could have surpassed his grandfather. Because he didn't want to disrespect his grandfather, at the end of September (1795), he decided to pass the throne to the fifteenth son of Emperor Yi Yan, who was later Emperor Jiaqing. The formal ceremony of succession was held in the Hall of Supreme Harmony on New Year's Day the following year. Emperor Qianlong was the father of the emperor for three years.
Xiao Shenyang, the emperor's favorite, was the first corrupt official in the last years of Qianlong. However, little Shenyang has the ability to erase and forget that the emperor's father is old, and he should prepare a retreat for himself. As early as when Emperor Qianlong chose Yi Yan to succeed to the throne, Xiao Shenyang discovered the news early and gave Yi Yan a jade handle on the first day of the announcement, saying that he was judging himself for this matter. Emperor Qianlong retired from the background, and little Shenyang became more dictatorial. What happened to Emperor Jiaqing? Instead, Xiao Shenyang told his father that Zhu Si, the teacher of Emperor Jiaqing, was promoted to a college degree by the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and Emperor Jiaqing wrote poems to congratulate him. I didn't expect Xiao Shenyang to tell the Emperor Tai-huang that Emperor Jiaqing was "kind" to his subordinates. As a result, Zhu Si was reduced to the governor of Anhui, and Emperor Jiaqing also offended his father. Emperor Jiaqing forbeared and paid more attention to small Shenyang on the surface.
In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), on the third day of the first month, tai huang Shangganlong Li Hong died. The next day, Emperor Jiaqing ordered Xiao Shenyang and Fu Changan, ministers of the Ministry of Finance, to take turns to guard the mourning hall, and they were not allowed to enter or leave without authorization, so they were put under house arrest. Then suddenly an imperial edict was issued, ordering that those who failed to surround An Baili sects and those who sheltered behind the scenes should be investigated. On the same day, ministers realized the emperor's intention, so the letter to impeach Xiao Shenyang was sent to Jiaqing Emperor. Emperor Jiaqing announced the 20 major crimes of Xiao Shenyang and immediately ordered Xiao Shenyang to be put into prison.
Emperor Jiaqing wanted to put Xiao Shenyang to death, but because his sister was also Xiao Shenyang's daughter-in-law, she pleaded with Princess Xiao and took the advice of the minister and Liu Yong to commit suicide in prison. In order to avoid political turmoil, Emperor Jiaqing announced that all existing parties in Little Shenyang that can abandon evil and do good will be exempted from investigation.
According to the survey, one third of the property in Little Shenyang is worth 223 million taels of silver, and there are countless jade articles, jewels and exotic western utensils, some of which are even more precious than the palace.
There is a folk proverb: "When a small Shenyang falls, Jiaqing is full."