Xiao He (BC? -Former 193) Minister in the early Han Dynasty. Fengyi, a native of Pei County (now Jiangsu Province), was a fellow countryman of Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu. When he was an official in Pei County in his early years, he helped Liu Bang many times. Liu Bang Uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty. When the rebels entered Xianyang, the generals seized the property of the State Treasury of Qin, while Xiao He independently collected the laws and regulations of the Qin Dynasty and mastered the geographical, political and economic situation of the whole country. After Liu Bang was named Hanwang by Xiang Yu, he named Xiao He as Prime Minister. Xiao He recommended Han Xin to Hanwang and made Liu Bang a matchmaker. Hanwang research, Xiao He left Hanzhong as prime minister, send foot soldiers salary, support the front. Chu and Han fought for five years, and Liu Bang's losses on the battlefield can be supplemented by Xiao He in time. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, he was named the first hero and was named Hou. Help Liu Bang understand the people's feelings, get rid of the disadvantages, implement the policy of Huang Lao's inaction, and make further contributions to the stability and development of the Han Dynasty. On his deathbed, he recommended Cao Can, who had personal grievances, to succeed Guo Xiang. The book "Nine Laws" was lost today. Shi's Family History and Xiao He Biography contain his deeds.
Official history
Xiao is a human being, and Pei Feng is also a human being. It's harmless, chief official. When Gaozu is a cloth, how to protect Gaozu with official duties? Gaozu is the director of the pavilion, and he often controls it. High-impedance officials (2) Xianyang, officials are sent to Qian San, why use five alone. Imperial censors and county chiefs are often distinguished from those who engage in them. He Nai gave history to Surabaya. First of all. If the Qin empire wants to get a statement, it can't be asked.
And Gao Zu is Pei Gong, why he is often Cheng Du. Pei Gong went to Xianyang, and the generals fought for money, silk and property. Why not take the book and imperial edict of the Prime Minister Qin first? Pei Gong is Hanwang. What is the Prime Minister? Wang Xiang and the princes slaughtered Xianyang and left. Hanwang therefore knows the world, how many registered permanent residence, strength, and people's sufferings, how can he get Qin Shu?
Blades named Han Xin and Hanwang as generals.
Hanwang led the troops to pacify Dongsanqin, so why did the Prime Minister keep Pakistan and Shu, fill in books and give food to the army? In the second year of Hanwang, Hanwang and the princes attacked Chu, defended Guanzhong, served the prince and ruled Liyang. Constrained by law, ancestral halls, prefectures, palaces, counties and cities were established. You can do it when you play. Just do it cheaply if you can't play. Come up and smell it. After Guan Zhong's funeral, he explained clearly and transferred to the army. Hanwang lost several troops and escaped, so why has he been a pawn in Guanzhong? He needs to fill the vacancy so that he can act arbitrarily in Guanzhong.
In the third year of the Han Dynasty, Hanwang and Xiang Yu divided their forces in Beijing, and several envoys worked hard as prime ministers. Bao Sheng said to the Prime Minister, "Your majesty's clothes are exposed, which makes his hard-working people doubt him. For your sake, if you send Sun Kundi, a gentleman who can defeat the army, you will know what the army is and benefit from it. " So what should we do? Han Wanda said.
In the fifth year of the Han Dynasty, Xiang Yu was killed and the world was ruled. A group of ministers strive for merit, but they can't decide what to do in their spare time. High-impedance Xiao He was the most successful, and he was named Hou. There are many food cities. The heroes all said, "Our ministers are determined and sharp. Many have fought hundreds of battles, and few have fought dozens of battles, attacking the city slightly and varying in size. Today's Xiao He, who has never done a sweat, only talks about pen and ink and cares about being a minister. Why? " Emperor Gao said, "Do you know anything about hunting?" Say, "I know." "Do you know anything about hunting dogs?" Say, "I know." Gaudi said: "husbands hunt animals and rabbits, and so do dogs." And those who send notices to indicate where animals are, people also. Today, you can get the ears of animals and dogs. To such as Xiao He, success instructions, work also. And monarchs follow me alone, at most two or three people. Today, dozens of people in Xiaohe have followed me, and their contributions are unforgettable. " I dare not speak. When Hou Bi was appointed, they all said, "Cao Can, the Hou of Pingyang, was killed by seventy men. His contribution is the biggest and should be the first. " I've scratched heroes in the world, written many letters to Xiao He, and reached that position. I haven't been able to answer this question yet, but I want to be the first. Hou ejun in the pass said: "The ministers' discussions are all wrong! Although her husband Cao Can has made great achievements in the field of field strategy, it is only temporary. Husband and Chu were separated by five years, and they often lost their soldiers and died. Those who fled were counted. However, Xiao He often sent troops from Guanzhong to make up for it, not by imperial edict, but by the number of people missing at the meeting. Fu Cha and Chu stayed in Xingyang for several years, but the army didn't see any food. Xiao He turned to Cao Guanzhong for food. Although your majesty died in Shandong, Xiao He has been waiting for your majesty in Guanzhong. This timeless work is also. Today, although hundreds of people have died, why are they still short of Korea? If you get it, you don't have to wait. Why add eternal work to the past? Ho comes first! Cao Can is second! " Gaozu said, "Good!" So, Xiao He was given a sword to go to the temple, and he refused to enter the DPRK. He said, "I heard that Jin Xian was rewarded. Although Xiao He has a high level of work, it is wise to have an E-jun. "Therefore, the Great E-king ate Hou Yi in the custom and was named Hou An-ping. That was the day when I learned that I had sealed more than a dozen brothers and sons. There is a food city. Conducive to sealing 2000 households. The emperor tasted Xianyang and sent me to win the money and food alone.
In the 11th year of Han Dynasty, Chen Yi rebelled and Gaozu came to Handan. Not yet. Huaiyin Hou rebelled against Guanzhong. Lu used Xiao He's stratagem to punish Huaiyin Hou. I heard that the late Lord of Huaiyin asked me to worship the Prime Minister. Beneficially seal 5,000 households, make 500 people, and one captain is Xiang Guowei. Congratulations, gentlemen. Tell Ping to hang up alone. Therefore, Zhao Ping is the mausoleum of the Eastern Qin Dynasty. Qin broke into the cloth shop. Poor, melons are planted in the east of Chang 'an, and the melons are beautiful, so they are called "Dongling melons" in the secular world and named after Zhaoping. Zhao Ping said to Guo Xiang: "The disaster began. The world is exposed, and you keep it. It's not about the arrow stone, it's about Yi Jun sealing the garrison commander. Now Huaiyin Hou is new to China, and he is in doubt. Husband didn't buy Wei to spoil him. I hope you don't accept this seal. Knowing that you are using your own property to support the army will be sincere. " The Prime Minister followed his plan, and Gaudi was very happy.
In the autumn of the twelfth year of the Han Dynasty, Qing Bu rebelled, and several envoys asked him what the Prime Minister was. Although Guo Xiang was in the army, he followed ⑤, struggled with the people and knew all the auxiliary forces, such as Chen Yishi. A guest said to Guo Xiang, "Your extinction will be over soon. Husband is the prime minister, and work comes first. Can I add it? However, when you first entered the customs, you won popular support. For more than ten years, you have been attached to you. People brought by repeated reproduction. The number of people who ask you in the world is afraid that you will tilt the Guanzhong. Today, you don't buy much land, so you can pollute yourself cheaply and feel at ease. " So Guo Xiang followed his plan. Shang Naida said. Going to the army to return, the people build a line, saying that the country is cheap, forcing tens of millions of people to buy land and houses. At most, yi. Laugh at him and say, "Husband's country is good for the people!" " The books written by the people are all based on the country, saying, "Thank the people yourself." Guo Xiang was invited, saying, "Chang 'an is a narrow place, and the forest is empty, so abandon it. "May people enter the fields. Don't charge the manuscript fee, give it to animals. " He was furious and said, He received a lot of money from Jia people to invite us to the garden! "In charge of machinery is the next prime minister Tingwei. A few days later, Wang Weiwei attended and asked, "What is the great sin of Guo Xiang, your majesty's violence?" The master said, "I heard that Li Si fell in love with Qin Huang, who was kind to the Lord and evil to himself. Today, the Prime Minister received a lot of money from Uncle Jia, but he invited me to be the garden of the people to flatter himself, so he treated me. " Wang Weiwei said: If the people demand that her husband's work is convenient, it is really the job of the Prime Minister. Why does your majesty doubt accepting money from Jia people? And your majesty is several years old from Chu, and Shang Chen and Qing Bu rebelled, so your majesty will go. When it comes to it, the prime minister will keep the Guanzhong, which is enough for your majesty in West Africa. Guo Xiang didn't take advantage of this time. Is this Li Jiaren's gold? Besides, it's not enough for Qin to know that it's ruined the world. Li Si's score has passed. Why does your majesty suspect that the prime minister is shallow? "Gaudi is not afraid. It's time for you to forgive me for leaving this country. Guo Xiang is old, so I respect him very much, and I am grateful to be his disciple. Gaudi said, "It's time to leave the country. Guo Xiang asked to build a garden for the people, but I refused. I am just a master and a hero, and Guo Xiang is a saint. I am a relative country, and I want to let the people know that I have passed. "
Sue and Cao Can are incompatible. If he is ill, Xiao Hui will look at the condition of this country. Because he asked, "Who can replace you after you 100 years old?" Yes, I said, "knowing a minister is like being a host." Xiao Hui said, "What about Cao Can?" He Dunxian said, "The emperor has it. I am not limited to death. "
If you buy a farm house, you will live in a very poor place because your home is not a house. He said, "Later sages all learned from me about thrift. If you are not virtuous, you will be taken away by the powerful family. "
After two years of filial piety, he died in the country. As the end of the article. The heir who lost his Hou due to sin lost four generations, and after the son of heaven asked for something again, he was named the new Hou. Heroes are invincible.
Taishi Gong said: There is no strange record of Guo Xiang, the official of the Qin dynasty. And Han Xing, according to the end of the sun and the moon, why stay in charge? Because of the people's illness, Qin Fa went downstream and started a new stove. Quasi-intonation, Qing Bu, etc. It's all ruined, but He Zhixun is rotten. The crown of ministers, the voice of later generations, and Yao Hong, Sanyisheng and other fierce competition.
Historical Records Volume 53
[Notes]
(1) Yuan: Yuan is an official in charge of general affairs, personnel and politics. A general term for affiliated officials. (2) Yao: To preach "Yao" means to send laborers to a certain place. (3) Essay: It refers to the dangerous place of military strategists. 4 hanging: mourning, showing concern. ⑤ Follow: It means appeasement. 6 xian: barefoot, apologize. ⑦ Yue: The key is extended to duty.
[Related historical materials]
Before the Han Dynasty, Xiao He was good at seal cutting, which was done in the front hall. In March, he meditated on it, and the audience was like a stream. How to write a bald book? Yang Xin Chen Bitu, Taiping Guangji, Volume 260.
(Xiao He) The number of letters and Korean, He Zhizhi (2). To Nanzheng, dozens of people died in the street. How reliable is (Liu Bang)? If you don't use it, you will die. He Wenxin believes in death, it is better to smell it and chase it. There is a saying: "Why did the Prime Minister die?" If you are angry, you will lose your right hand. After living for a day or two, how can I admire him? Angry and happy, he scolded him, "What if you die?" He Yue said, "If you dare not die, the dead will chase you." He said, "If you are chasing someone, who is it?" Yue: "Han Xin also." On the other hand, he also scolded: "There are more than ten dead, and the public has nothing to pursue;" Chasing letters and derailing. " He said, "You will hear it easily. If you believe, no one can be like you. The king will want to be the king of Hanzhong, the unbelievers will fight for the world, and the unbelievers will seek things. Gu 4 An's decision. " The king said, "I want to live in Dong Er, too. Can I stay here for a long time? "He Yue:" Wang Ji will want to travel eastward, be credible, and keep his letter; If you can't use it, the letter will eventually die. " The king said, "I think I am a general who serves the public." He Yue said, "Although I am a general, I will keep my word." The king said, "I thought it was a general." He said, "Fortunately." So the king wanted to make the letter worship it. He Yue said, "Wang Su is slow and rude. Today, he worships the general like a child's ear. That's why he went. The king will want to worship it, choose a good day, fast, set up an altar, be polite and admirable. " Wang Dao The general is happy, and everyone thinks they will win the general. Thanks to the general, it's Han Xin. All the troops were surprised. Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou (Volume 92)
[Notes]
1 Tan Thinking: Deep thinking. 2 strange: treat each other with respect and attention. 3 Changwang: Changwang. Gu: I hope.