Singing must be accompanied by music. (I saw Mr. Han reaching for the audio-visual platform and pressing it gently. A flute concerto, slow and melodious, deeply moving, echoed throughout the classroom, and a moving atmosphere was formed. The tune is called "Distant Missing")
Teacher: The "singing" of "chanting poems" mentioned by the ancients is actually singing, that is, reciting. Poetry was originally used for singing. Today I'm singing a poem, Dayanhe-my nanny.
At this point, the teacher suddenly realized that he had to admire Teacher Han's novelty. Accompanied by soothing melodious music, Mr. Han read aloud emotionally, and his intonation, speed and mood were just right. The audience seems to be as silent as no one. Some students are wiping tears, some teachers are red-eyed, and even teacher Han Jun took out a handkerchief several times to wipe the tears in the corner of his eyes. After reading the complete poem, the applause thundered. It took about 14 minutes from the first sentence to the last sentence. )
Teacher (smiling) Did I read well?
Health: Good!
Teacher: Is Ai Qing's poem well written or read by the teacher?
Health: the poem is well written, and the teacher reads it better!
Teacher: Only when a poem is well written can a teacher read it well.
Such a good poem should be read well, with passion and feelings.
Look at the first section, Dayan River. She is my nanny/her name is the name of the village where she was born/her.
It's the child bride/Dayanhe, my nanny.
Teacher: Is Dayan River the name of a river?
Health: No, it's my nanny's name.
Teacher: What does this mean?
Health: She is in a low position. (blackboard writing: life relationship)
Teacher: That's a good summary! Who can say what a child bride is?
Girl A: Someone who has been sold to other people's homes as a daughter-in-law since childhood.
Teacher: Good. Is it easy to be a child bride?
Health: It's very hard, just like being a cow and a horse.
Teacher: Yes, Dayanhe is such a miserable working woman. How does the poet feel about such a woman? Let's look at the second part. I am the son of the landlord/I grew up eating the milk of Dayan River/the son of Dayan River. The poet said that he is the son of Dayanhe, right?
Health: No, it is.
Teacher: Why?
Health: Dayanhe is only the poet's nanny, so it is not; The poet regards Dayanhe as his mother, and so does he.
Teacher: Good point!
In the third part, the poet painted four pictures for us. I think the language here is too verbose.
I changed the phrase' Dayan River, seeing snow today reminds me of you/your grave/your wafei/your garden/your stone chair', and left out the modifier' the dead eaves of the former residence are covered with snow, pawned for ten square feet, and the front door is covered with moss'. Isn't it more concise?
Health: Not good.
Teacher: Why?
Health: These modifiers create a sad atmosphere.
Teacher: Yes. \' snowed down \' appears.
Health: cold and cheerless.
Teacher: What do "green grass", "dead" and "ten square feet" mean about Dayan River?
Life: the bitterness of life experience.
Teacher: Good! Let's read this section. Listen to me first.
(Teacher Han finishes reading with emotion, then asks the students to read, points out that they are not good at reading, and instructs them to read with emotion and rhythm. )
Teacher: Look at the fourth quarter. I think the author's first sentence' You hold me in your arms with your big palm' is wordy. Holding' must be done by hand. Use your big palm' is completely unnecessary, right?
The students are whispering to each other. Some people think what he said is reasonable, while others think it is unnecessary. Teacher Han asked a girl to say Yanhe what?
Health: It's not superfluous, which means that we have worked hard all our lives.
Teacher: The second part of the poem describes the hard life of Da Yanhe. (blackboard writing: hard work for a lifetime)
Look at how much work Dayanhe has done, like a labor machine, without a moment's leisure. It's so hard, so hard, but Dayanhe often finishes some work. Has she rested?
Health: No.
Teacher: What are you doing?
Health:' Hold me and touch me'.
Teacher: Dayanhe has been busy. As soon as she stopped living, she hugged the poet Ai Qing to show her affection for the poet.
Health: love.
Teacher: OK! Always concerned about Ai Qing, taking care of Ai Qing.
Let's read this section again. This lesson should be read differently from the previous one. The first sentence should be slow and emphasize' thick and big', while' touch me' should be read gently, but it should be emphasized. Read the next eight consecutive' after' sentences faster, highlighting work and busyness. Read the last sentence again slowly and affectionately.
Listen to the teacher's demonstration first. (Read aloud)
Teacher: Who reads best among the boys in our class? Let's ask him to read it.
A boy stood up under the recommendation of all his classmates and read the fourth section in the same tone as Mr. Han. )
Teacher: Did you read well?
Health: Good!
Teacher: Then encourage it.
Everyone clapped their hands. )
Teacher: I'll change it again. In the following paragraph, I was taken home by my parents who gave birth to me. I think I must be missing a word, a word' I'. Should I say,' Was I taken back by my parents who gave birth to me? Me? Your own home? Isn't it? This time, the teacher's opinion must be right!
Many students agreed with the teacher's point of view, nodded frequently and added an' I' to the textbook. When some students disagree, the teacher wakes up the students who disagree.
Health:' self' is objective, and it is indeed the poet's home, while' myself' is subjective. In the home recognized by the poet, the poet used' self' instead of' myself', which shows that the poet does not recognize this home in his heart.
Health: I think the "self" here is not "Ai Qing himself", but "parents themselves". If' I' is added before' myself', it becomes' Ai Qing himself'.
Teacher: Those two students have a point. Home is not Ai Qing's, but' parents'. Ai Qing doesn't agree that his parents' home is his own. What he agreed was.
Health: Dayan River House.
Teacher: So, did the poet lose the word' I' in this sentence?
Health: No.
Teacher: (it seems very helpless) or the teacher's opinion is wrong.
(After a pause)
However, the teacher found another problem. One sentence is not well written and I want to correct it.
I'm a new guest at my parents' house. If only it were changed to' I finally returned to my parents' house'.
Teachers can not only read poems, but also write poems and revise them!
(Students almost shake their heads)
Student: The teacher's is absolutely not good.
Teacher: Certainly not? Tell me why.
Health: The poem you changed is not in the right mood at all! I finally returned to my parents' house. It seems that I am eager to go back to my parents' home. I am glad that my wish has finally come true. The author originally meant not to go back.
Teacher: My modified sentence indicates that the author is looking forward to going back and is very happy, while the original sentence indicates that he is unwilling to go back. Can you express these two emotions by reading aloud?
Student: (Read separately, read the teacher's revised sentence quickly and excitedly, but read the original sentence almost the same, and the difference is not obvious)
Teacher: My sentence has changed. Which word do you put the stress on?
Health: put it on' finally'.
Teacher: You read' I am a new guest in my parents' house', and you are still happy and willing to go back. Can you read it again?
(Students reread and read slowly)
Teacher: Good communication. The sentence "I made a new guest at my parents' house" contains a very complicated and bitter emotion.
Listen to the teacher's demonstration and read after it.
Teacher: There are two nominal words in this sentence, which are contradictory?
Health: (thoughtfully) "Home" and "Guest".
Teacher: Yes! Does anyone like to be a guest in their own home?
Health: No.
Teacher: Home and guest are antonyms. Who is a guest in his own home? The place where he can be a guest is not home. It is here that the poet grasped the contradiction between "home" and "guest" and expressed a complex bitterness.
Teacher: Looking down, or in this section, can you find a similar, similar contradiction?
(Students bury themselves in books to find)
Health:' I stare blankly at my mother's unfamiliar sister', which is a contradiction.
Teacher: What's the contradiction?
Student: Since I am my sister, I should know her well, but the author doesn't know her well.
Teacher: We are flesh and blood, but we are strangers.
Health: I think' I don't know' and? Family entertainment? Contradictions, I don't know how to look at them.
Teacher: We can put it another way-Ai Qing knew and understood these four words when he grew up, but he didn't.
Health: I have never tasted the feeling of four words.
Health: Ai Qing didn't think those words since she was a child.
Teacher: Can you say,' Can it hang on it? Family entertainment? , but there is no following? Family entertainment? \'; Although we know each other? Family entertainment? But I never felt it? "Family entertainment?" This is a strong contrast! What happened at home, but there was no family relationship, no music at all!
Teacher: Let me extend it-this kind of writing and usage of strong contradiction and contrast is often used by poets and artists. Have you seen it anywhere else? For example, in junior high school textbooks, there is a Tang poem.
Health: In The Charcoal Man,' I'm sorry for my coat and hat, but I'm worried about charcoal and complaining about the cold. \'
Teacher: How contradictory.
Health: The charcoal seller wanted the weather to get warmer, but in order to sell charcoal, he wanted the weather to get colder.
Teacher: Think again-can you still find this contradiction in movies and TV?
Health: there are often movies, such as' aboveboard' hanging at the top of the hall, while the people below are doing despicable things; Health: On TV, there was a banner of "mirror hanging high" in the temple, but the people who tried the case below were corrupt and took bribes, and the case was judged to be unjust.
Teacher: Very wonderful. The poet Ai Qing is very good at expressing characters with strong contradictions and contrasts. In the 1950s, when he visited Europe, he saw a black girl looking after and coaxing a white child. The white child is crying, but the black nanny is singing. Ai Qing wrote a poem "A Black Girl Singing", which has two sentences:' One is so comfortable, but she keeps crying; How pathetic, but singing a happy song. This strong contrast can enhance the effect of expression.
Students, read this section after me.
Teacher: The third part describes the desolation after the death of Dayan River. (blackboard writing: bleak after death).
Then look at this sentence,' I am so conscious', what does' conscious' mean? Does it mean' sweetly', that is' sweetly'?
(At that time, the students were at a loss. )
Teacher: If you have any questions, please look it up in the dictionary at once!
Health: I found that' coy' is' to describe an embarrassing or generous appearance'.
Teacher: What about "sweetly" or "sweetly"? This word is the most commonly used. Don't look up in the dictionary, just say what you understand.
Health: \' wriggle \', I understand it is a bit \' affected \'.
Teacher: What kind of emotion should Ai Qing feel when she comes from a poor family to a rich one?
Health: Obviously, it is' sorry or not generous', not' affectation'.
Teacher: In the next paragraph, the poet used six words "She is smiling" in succession. What's the effect?
Health: Dayan River takes pleasure in suffering.
Health: having fun in pain.
Teacher: What else can we learn from the word "with a smile"?
Health: She has a heavy life, but she is optimistic.
Health: She holds hope for the future, and dreams that Ai Qing will repay her when she grows up.
Health: She hopes that through her own labor, the whole family can live a good life.
Teacher: What the students said is right, and it also broadens everyone's thinking horizon. Let me ask you, when we read this paragraph, can we read on with a smile?
Health: No.
Teacher: We feel pain and heavy. We ask this classmate to read this paragraph, which is bitter and heavy.
A boy stood up and read aloud. Teacher Han pointed out what she couldn't do after reading it, and then read it again. )
Teacher: Here, in the section "Wild Goose River, I have gone away with tears", some modifiers are used, such as "more than forty years", "countless", "four dollars" and "several feet long". All these quantitative modifiers are emphasized.
Students: (Some students) emphasize more.
Students: (Some students) emphasize less.
Student: (Several students) No, some emphasize more and some emphasize less.
Teacher: The last classmate summed it up correctly! There are more and less. Which ones emphasize more and which ones emphasize less?
Health:' bullying that has lived with the world for more than 40 years' and' the suffering of countless slaves' are emphasized; Emphasize that' a few feet square of land where a coffin is buried is the same as a handful of paper money'.
Teacher: To sum up, what is more and what is less?
Health: You bear more, but get less.
Teacher: Give more to the world and take less from it.
Health: The fate of Dayan River is tragic. I worked so hard before I died, and there is nothing to be buried with after I die.
Teacher: Listen to me read this paragraph first and emphasize "more" and "less". Pay attention to intonation and pause.
(After Mr. Han finished reading it, please invite a female student to read it. It must be better. )
Teacher: That's the end of the discussion between the teacher and everyone. The following paragraphs are for everyone. Everyone read their feelings. If you don't understand anything, please bring it up and we will study it together. That is, to carry out research-based learning.
(Students will ask questions later)
Health: I have a question. Why is that' purple soul under the loess' a' purple soul'?
Teacher: Are you asking me or everyone?
Health: Ask everyone.
Teacher: OK, who can help her answer?
I will give you a purple soul under the loess. What exactly does this' purple' mean?
Health: I thought purple was a painful and depressing color, which gave people a very depressing and unpleasant feeling.
Health: I think purple is a noble color. For example, some football teams wear purple jerseys.
Health: I remember that the official uniforms in ancient times were also purple and noble.
Health: It means bitter. I have read an interview with this poet. When talking about this poem, he said that' purple' is a cool color, which causes people's psychological reaction to be bitter.
Health: I think purple is a mixture of red and blue. Red means Dayan and she were very enthusiastic before her death, warming the world like fire, noble, and blue means she was very peaceful after her death.
Teacher: It seems that you know a lot about colors. Can you tell me the meaning of various colors? Such as what white symbolizes, what green symbolizes, what blue symbolizes, and so on.
Health: White symbolizes purity, green symbolizes life, and blue symbolizes the ocean, which also means silence.
Teacher: That makes sense. Your thinking is unique. And really caught the crux of the problem. In other words, we can't simply emphasize that purple only represents one aspect, and purple is actually a combination of two meanings.
Student: What's your opinion, teacher?
Teacher: The teacher added a little academic point of view. Ai Qing uses a lot of colors in his poems. Generally speaking, Ai Qing uses warm colors to represent light, warmth and faith, and cold colors to represent suffering, dirt and melancholy. Purple is a cool color, not just noble.
I'm just synthesizing everyone's opinions. You see, all your comments just now focused on two aspects. On the one hand, they emphasize dignity, sacredness and enthusiasm, on the other hand, they emphasize bitterness, depression and depression. Think carefully and think deeply. Are these two opinions contradictory?
Health: No contradiction.
Teacher: You can understand the whole poem from the perspective of pain. It seems that every word emphasizes the pain of Dayanhe's life. The purple soul is the soul of pain. It can be understood from a noble point of view. Think about it. Because a person's soul has suffered too much bullying and torture, what will this person's soul be like?
Health: The more you suffer, the more noble you look.
Teacher: So, is there a contradiction between nobility and pain here?
Health: No contradiction.
Teacher: Isn't this unified? Please summarize your understanding of' purple' in one sentence. The format of this sentence is that the soul is _ _ _ _! (blackboard writing: the soul is _ _ _ _! )
Health: the soul is' noble' because of' pain'.
Teacher: Very wonderful, outstanding and great, because' there are too many sufferings'!
Students, look, who came to this conclusion? The teacher didn't draw. The teacher just summarized everyone's opinions. This conclusion was reached through discussion, discussion and brainstorming. In academic circles, this issue is still an unsolved case, and there is no one-sided conclusion. Our conclusion today can also be one of many academic viewpoints. This is inquiry learning! Inquiry learning is not mysterious!
Teacher: Further, let me ask you, what did Ai Qing learn before writing poetry?
Student: I studied painting.
Teacher: So he is very sensitive to color. Let's count and see how many color words Ai Qing used in the whole poem, and find them out one by one.
Health: (One by one)' A stone chair covered with moss'' A black sauce bowl on the black table'' I touched the furniture carved with red paint'' I ate the rice ground three times'' A bright red and green Guan Yunchang'' in the colorful hall.
Teacher: How many places have color words been used?
Student: 8 places.
Teacher: Talk about their respective meanings.
Health:' Mossy stone chair' indicates a desolation and decline.
Health:' Put the black sauce bowl on the black table', which shows that the Dayanhe family lives in poverty.
Health:' carved furniture with red lacquer' and' rice ground three times', which shows that Ai Qing's parents' family is rich and luxurious.
Health: Guan Yunchang, which shows the characteristics of Ai Qing's youth.
Student:' Colorful Class' shows Ai Qing's grand wedding in Dayanhe's dream.
Health: Mud Black Gentle Face shows Dayanhe's hard work as a working people.
Teacher: You can write an academic paper on the use of color words in Chinese.
Let's read the last two paragraphs with emotion. (Teachers and students read together)
Teacher: That's all for today's class. Thank you! The last two sections are elegies for Dayan River. (blackboard writing: elegy praise)
(The audience applauds warmly. )