Common bamboo varieties and picture appreciation: 1. Cizhu
Magnetic columns are clustered. Typical representatives of bamboo: tall, long tubes, thick leaves and onions. Its biological characteristics:
(1) Growth characteristics of aboveground parts: bamboo shoots appeared from June to August, and basically stopped growing in the middle of 65438+1October. Generally 20-30 knots, 8 to 13 meters high; The longest service life is 9 years; 1-2-year-old mother bamboo has the strongest ability to shoot, and the growth rate of 3-5 generations of new bamboo shoots is high, which can cultivate big wood; Change leaves once a year; Flowering has nothing to do with age, but with water and nutrition. Before flowering, the leaves turn yellow, after flowering, the leaves gradually fall off, the collaterals die, and the material becomes brittle. 1 year-old is young bamboo, and 2-3 years old is strong bamboo; 4-5 years old bamboo. There is hair on the basket.
⑵ Growth characteristics of underground part: the stem has 6 nodes, only one of which has bamboo shoots (the connection part between the stem and the old bamboo); The underground parts are densely stacked together and do not extend to other places, which has the characteristics of arching the ground; The fibrous roots of Dendrocalamus latiflorus underground stem in Dan Cong are developed, most of which are on the surface, and the deepest part is 2m. Newborn young bamboos did not take root in that year, but formed roots in the second year, and then gradually weakened, with few living roots of 6-and 7-year-old bamboos; The stems that have lost the above-ground parts can be stored underground for more than ten years before they rot. If it is not treated in time, it will combine layers and affect the formation of bamboo shoots and the growth of bamboo forests. The connection between bamboo plants and old plants should be cut off, which is called "beating"
The fiber of Cizhu stalk is strong in toughness and long in thickness, which is a superior material for bamboo weaving crafts. Cizhu is the most important bamboo species of Qingshen, which is planted in almost every family in rural areas.
2, single bamboo
Commonly known as "single bamboo", it is a high-quality bamboo with the longest tube (more than one meter long) in the genus Dendrocalamus. Bamboo is delicate and its fibers are very tough. It can be spun into bamboo strips as thin as cicada wings and as thin as hair, and woven into silk and silk-like exquisite bamboo handicrafts. This kind of bamboo grows in shady mountains with fertile soil and is the best material for weaving bamboo. In addition to Qingshen, Meishan and Qionglai also have some such "single bamboos".
3. Four Seasons Bamboo
This is a high-quality bamboo species introduced by Qingshen in recent years. Cluster bamboo is named after bamboo shoots all year round. As a kind of Dendrocalamus giganteus, its biggest feature is that its stem is thick and straight, one of which weighs tens of kilograms, and its fiber is fine and fast. It is a good material for papermaking and has great economic value. Qingshen Xilong, Guanjin, Osmanthus fragrans, Ginkgo biloba, Luowan and other towns have hundreds of thousands of acres of bamboo bases. This kind of bamboo is native to Daping Township, Yuanling County, Hunan Province.
4. Hard head spring
The stems of clustered bamboos are tall, straight and hard, thick and small, so they are mostly used as building materials, and are used to carry loads and things in rural areas. The planting amount is small.
5. Bamboo plants
Also known as Xiang, a kind of scattered bamboo with tall and straight stems, large diameter, hard texture and brown spots on the bamboo surface. Legend has it that the tears of Yao Emperor's two daughters flowed on it, hence the name "Bambusa". This kind of bamboo is mostly used as building materials, and can also be cut into strips for weaving. In ancient times, the rope for pulling boats was made of this bamboo pole. Its characteristics are that water is not easy to corrode, light in weight and strong in tension. The planting amount of Qingshen is not large. Venue: Xiangshui Valley, Hunan.
6.moso bamboo
Also known as Phyllostachys pubescens, it is the representative of scattered bamboo. The stem is tall, straight and hard. With a diameter of about 20 cm, it is a good material for building; Bamboo head is a good material for carving handicrafts; Bamboo shoots are the most delicious dishes, called "Yunnan slices". Qingshen is planted in Zhongyan Temple and Deyun Temple. It is abundant in Changning, Chishui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Hunan and other places in Sichuan.
7. thorn bamboo
A kind of Phyllostachys pubescens, named for its hard "thorns" on its stems and branches. Tufted, tall and stout (diameter 10 cm or more), thick meat, small space, hairless bamboo shoots and few leaves. Mostly used in building materials. Qingshen Bamboo Art City, Tian Miao and other places have a small amount of cultivation.
8. Phyllostachys bambusa
Loose bamboo, slender and hard, shaped like a steel pipe, with few leaves and strong toughness. It is often used as a material for making bamboo furniture. When it grows in a large area, it can be used as a paper-making material, and some flower lovers often keep it as a bonsai. In the past, there was a piece of water bamboo in Luowan, Qingshen, called "Bamboo Sea".
9, ink bamboo
Scattered bamboo is a rare bamboo species. Culms and branches are named in black; The shell of bamboo shoots is reddish brown, and it will be finished in a year. It is the best material for making flutes and flute instruments. Qingshen is rare in some places.
10, white bamboo
Cluster bamboo, belonging to the genus Dendrocalamus, is named after its long stems and a thin layer of white powder on the surface.
1 1, Luohan bamboo
Cluster bamboo is named after its low stalk, big head and small upper body. Its head is raised like a "arhat" belly. Can be used as handicraft material.
12, Zhu
Tufted bamboos are tall and short, with pale yellow stems and thick and thin green lines on them, hence the name "Qin Si". 、
13, Pteris
Cluster bamboo is named after its thin and short stems, tiny branches and leaves, and the shape of phoenix tail.
14, Chimonobambusa bambusa
Mixed bamboo is named after the bamboo pole is about square. The face is pale yellow, and there is a circle of small thorns on the node ring, so it is also called "thorn bamboo". Can be use as a raw material for handicraft processing. This kind of bamboo is very rare. There is a precious "Chimonobambusa" in Fengli Village, Zhayang Township, Tuorong County, Fujian Province.
15, bamboo hat
Miscellaneous bamboo, with thin and straight stems, hard quality, wide leaves and strong reproductive ability, was used to make arrow shafts in ancient times. Qingshen people often put leaves in bamboo hats for rain or sun protection, hence the name "bamboo hats".
16, Longzhu
The world's largest bamboo, produced in Yunnan, China, can be used by local people to make buckets or large electrical appliances. Some professionals also said that Kim.