The meaning of "down and out, new stop, muddy spill"-the cup full of depression and suspended with sorrow.
"I tried to cross the Yellow River, but the ice blocked the ferry."
Source of works
It's hard for me to walk, written by Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty.
original work
It's hard to be the first.
li po
The cost of pure wine is a gold cup, 10 thousand copper coins and a hip flask, and I am ashamed of 10 thousand yuan.
I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain.
I want to cross the Yellow River, but ice will block the ferry and Taihang Mountain will be covered with snow.
I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun.
It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, there are many roads, where is Ann now?
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea.
Translation of works
The wine in the golden cup 1000 yuan a barrel, and the food in the jade plate 10000 yuan.
Depressed, I put down a cup of chopsticks and didn't want to eat it; Pulled out his sword and looked around, feeling at a loss.
I want to cross the Yellow River, but the ice and snow have frozen the river. If you want to climb Taihang Mountain, that mountain has been closed by heavy snow.
Like Jiang Shang Yuxi, waiting for a comeback; Like Yi Yin's dream, he passed by the Japanese side by boat.
The road of life is as difficult as it is; The road is complicated. Where are you now?
I believe it's time to ride the wind and waves, and then I must sail across the sea!
Creation background
In the first year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (742), Li Bai was called to Beijing as an academician. Li Bai is an active member of the WTO. He is ambitious and wants to do great things like Guan Zhong, Sean and Zhuge Liang. However, after entering Beijing, it was not reused by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, but was vilified and excluded by powerful ministers. Two years later, he was "repaid" and expelled from Chang' an in disguise. Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties holds that it's hard to go to the three capitals when he left Chang 'an in the third year of Tianbao (744). Zhan Ai's poems and poems are year numbers, and Pei Fei's poems and poems are examples of Taibai Yuefu. Yu Xianhao's "Selected Works of Li Bai" thought that "you don't have to take the test for years".
works appreciation
The first four sentences of this poem are about friends who, out of deep friendship for Li Bai and regret that such a genius was abandoned, spared no expense in hosting a farewell banquet. Li Bai, who is naive in drinking, will certainly "drink 300 cups at a time" because of this fine wine, delicious food and the hospitality of his friends. However, this time he picked up the cup and pushed it away. Pick up chopsticks, but put them down. He left his seat, drew his sword, looked around and lost his mind. The four continuous movements of stopping, throwing, pulling and caring vividly show the inner depression and emotional agitation.
Then the two sentences are followed by "hollow" and "difficult to walk" is written in front. The poet used "ice blocking the river" and "snow covering the mountain" to symbolize the difficulties and obstacles on the road of life, which has a comparative meaning. A man with great political ambitions was called to Beijing and was lucky enough to get close to the emperor, but the emperor could not appoint him. He was expelled from Chang 'an in disguised form by the "reward for returning to the mountain". Isn't this just like the Yellow River encountering ice and Taihang Mountain encountering snow? However, Li Bai is not that kind of cowardly character. From the beginning of "drawing a sword and looking in all directions", it shows that he is not willing to be depressed and will continue to pursue it. "I will sit on a fishing rod and lazily lean against the stream, but I suddenly dream of driving a small boat and sailing towards the sun." In a daze, the poet suddenly thought of two figures who did not go well politically at first, but made great achievements in the end: one was Lu Shang, who was fishing in Panxi at the age of 80 and met King Wen; One is Yi Yin. Before he was hired by Tang, he dreamed that he was sailing around the sun and the moon. Thinking about the experiences of these two historical figures increased the poet's confidence.
"It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, is it safe now?" The meeting between Jiang Shang and Yi Yin certainly increased his confidence in the future, but when his thoughts returned to the present reality, he once again felt that the road of life was difficult. Looking forward to the future from the banquet, I only feel that the road ahead is rugged and there are many mistakes. Where is the road? This is another feeling in sharp and complicated contradictions. But Li Bai, who is stubborn and confident, never wants to show his discouragement at the farewell party. His strong demand for active use of the world finally freed him from the pain of wandering again, and sang a strong voice full of confidence and prospects: "One day, I will ride the wind and waves, go straight to Yun Fan and cross the deep sea!" He believes that although there are many obstacles ahead, one day, as Zong Yi said in Liu Song, he will ride the wind and waves, hang up the Yun Fan, cross the sea and reach the ideal shore.
This poem, with fourteen sentences and eighty-two words, can only be regarded as a short poem among seven-character poems, but it has a long momentum pattern. One of the important reasons is that it reveals the ups and downs and complex changes of the poet's feelings in a hundred steps. At the beginning of the poem, "Jin Zun Qing Jiu" and "Pan Yu Zhen Shame" make people feel as if it were a happy banquet, but the following two details, "Quit drinking and throwing chopsticks" and "Draw your sword and look around", show a strong impact of emotional waves. In the middle four sentences, I just sighed "the ice jam in Sichuan" and "the snow all over the mountains", and suddenly it took a thousand years, as if I saw Lu Shang and Yi Yin suddenly being reused by the monarch from their humble positions. The poet's psychological disappointment alternates rapidly with hope, depression and pursuit. "It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, is it safe now?" The four sentences with short rhythm and strong jumping are completely inner monologues in an anxious state, forcing Xiao to convey the complex psychology of wandering back and forth and continuing to explore and pursue without evidence. At the end of the sentence, after several twists and turns, the realm was suddenly enlightened, and I sang a high-pitched and optimistic tone, believing that my ideals and ambitions would be realized one day. Through such ups and downs of feelings, it not only fully shows the suppression of the poet's grand ideals and ambitions by the dark and dirty political reality, but also reflects the poet's strong inner repression, anger and the injustice caused by it, and at the same time highlights the poet's stubbornness, self-confidence and persistent pursuit of ideals, showing the poet's powerful spiritual strength in trying to get rid of repression.
"It's hard to go to heaven" is an ancient theme of Yuefu, which often laments the hardships of the world and the poverty and loneliness. Li Bai's group poem Difficult to Walk mainly expresses his feelings about the lack of talents. Here is the first poem. There is no lack of heroism in grief and indignation, but there is still hope in setbacks.
This poem is influenced by accuracy-it is difficult to go in theme and expression, but shine on you is better than Blue. Their poems all reflect the suppression of talents by feudal rulers to a certain extent, but due to the reasons of the times and the poet's spiritual temperament, Li's poems are more profound and intense, and at the same time, they also show positive pursuit, optimistic self-confidence and tenacious adherence to ideals. Therefore, compared with Bao Zheng, Shi Li's ideological realm is higher. This poem is mostly about human suffering and expresses the sadness of parting.
Brief introduction of the author
Li Bai (70 1-762), whose name is Taibai, is a violet layman, also known as "fallen fairy". He was a great romantic poet in Tang Dynasty, and was praised as "Poet Fairy" by later generations. It is also called "Du Li" with Du Fu. In order to distinguish it from the other two poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, namely "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is cheerful and generous, loves to drink and write poems, and likes to make friends.
Li Baiyou's Collection of Li Taibai has been handed down from generation to generation, and most of his poems were written when he was drunk. His representative works include Looking at Lushan Waterfall, it is hard to go, Difficult Road to Shu, Entering Wine, Yue Nv Ci, First Sending to Baidicheng, etc.
There are biographies of Li Bai's Ci and Fu in the Song Dynasty (such as Wen Ying's Xiang Ji). As far as its pioneering significance and artistic achievements are concerned, Li Bai's Ci Fu enjoys a high status.
"I'm down and out, and I'm afraid I'll knock over the cup."
Source of works
Ascending the Mountain is a seven-character poem written by Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty.
original work
Climb the peak
[Tang]? Du Fu
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness.
After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.
Translation of works
The sky is high and the wind is urgent, the apes sound sad, and the gulls play and hover in the clear water.
The endless leaves are falling, and the Yangtze River is rolling in and rushing.
Lamenting the wandering outside the autumn scenery, I went on stage alone in my old age.
I deeply regret that my temples are getting grayer and grayer. It is very painful for me to give up drinking after illness.
Creation background
This poem was written in the autumn of the second year of Tang Daizong Dali (767), and Du Fu was in Kuizhou. This was written by a 56-year-old poet in extreme embarrassment. At that time, four years had passed since the Anshi Rebellion, but local warlords took the opportunity to compete for territory with each other. Du Fu entered the Yanwu shogunate, relying on Yanwu. Shortly after Yanwu's death, Du Fu lost his dependence and had to leave the Chengdu Caotang, which had been in business for five or six years, to buy a boat and go south. I wanted to go straight to Kuimen, but because of illness, I stayed in Yun 'an for several months before I arrived in Kuizhou. If it were not for the concern of the local government, he would not have lived here for three years. In these three years, his life is still very difficult and his health is very poor. One day, he climbed the high platform outside Bai Di, Kuizhou, with mixed feelings in his heart. What you saw in hope aroused your heart; The bleak scenery of Qiu Jiang evokes his wandering life experience and permeates his old illness and loneliness. Thus, there was this song "Ascending the Mountain", which was known as the "crown of seven laws".
works appreciation
This poem is included in Du Gongbu's Collected Works. The whole poem tells the poet's complex feelings of long-term wandering, old illness and loneliness by climbing to see the scenery of Qiujiang River. It is impassioned and touching.
The first four sentences of this poem are about climbing mountains. The first couplet is right. Focusing on the specific environment of Kuizhou, the poet used the word "wind rush" to drive the All-China Federation, and from the beginning, he wrote a quatrain that has been told for generations. Kuizhou is famous for its many apes, and the canyon is famous for its windy weather. It is cool in autumn, but it is windy here. When the poet climbs the mountain, the sound of "high apes whistling" comes from the gorge, which means "the empty valley echoes, and the sorrow turns to leisurely" ("Water Classic Notes on the River"). The poet moved his eyes from the heights to the rivers and lakes, and on the background of clear water and white sand, he was dotted with birds dancing with the wind and never looking back. This is really a beautiful painting. Among them, the sky, wind, sand, Zhu, apes whistling and birds flying are all made in heaven and naturally paired. Not only the upper and lower sentences are correct, but also the sentences are self-correct, such as the above sentence "day" to "wind" and "height" to "urgency"; The next sentences "sand" versus "Zhu" and "white" versus "green" are full of rhythm. After the artistic refinement of the poet, fourteen words, each of which is accurate and appropriate, are all in name only. In words, "thank you for your axe" has reached a wonderful and difficult state. More notably, the first sentence of the couple is usually pronounced in a flat voice at the end, but this poem rhymes in a flat voice. Shen Deqian praised "two sentences still rhyme, but the style has changed" ("Tang Poetry").
This couplet embodies the typical characteristics of Kuizhou in autumn. The poet looked up at the endless rustling leaves and looked down at the endless rolling river. While writing about the scenery, he expressed his feelings affectionately. Endless and inexhaustible, it makes the rustling roll more vivid, which reminds people of the rustling of fallen trees and the surging Yangtze River, and invisibly conveys the feeling that youth is fleeting and ambition is hard to pay. Through the gloomy and sad dialogue, it shows superb brushwork, and it does have the majestic momentum of "repairing the palace" and "pouring hundreds of rivers into the east". It is reasonable for predecessors to call it "the absolute step of the past and the present" and "the transformation in the sentence"
The first two couplets describe autumn scenery, and it was not until the necklace that the word "autumn" was pointed out. "Alone on the stage" shows that the poet looks down from a height and closely connects the eye scene with the heart. Frequent visitor points out the poet's wandering life. "One hundred years" means a limited life, here refers to the twilight. The word "sad autumn" is written very painfully. Autumn is not necessarily sad, but when the poet witnessed the desolate and magnificent autumn scenery, he couldn't help thinking of his own exile, the old, the weak and the sick, so he gave birth to infinite sadness. The poet summed up the feelings of a long-time guest who is most likely to be sad and sick and loves a person to go on stage, which makes people deeply feel his heavy emotional pulse. The "Wan Li" and "Centennial" of this couplet also echo the "Boundless" and "Endless" of the previous couplet: the poet's travel worries and loneliness, like fallen leaves and rivers, are inexhaustible and cannot be driven away, and his feelings and scenery are integrated. At this point, the poem has given the general meaning of missing a stranger, added the content of loneliness after a long separation, added the feeling of sadness and pain in autumn, added the sigh of people who have left their homes in Wan Li and are in their twilight years, and is more poetic.
The tail is knotted and divided into five or six sentences. The poet suffers from hardship and poverty, worrying about the country and the people, and his hair is getting gray. In addition, because of illness and alcohol deprivation, it is even more difficult for them to let go. The poet's ambivalence is easy to understand, because he once longed to climb high and look far, but now he provokes hatred for no reason, adding to his sorrow. The first six sentences are "flying", and here is "soft and cold, infinite sorrow is beyond words" ("Poetry").
The first half of the poem describes the scenery, the second half is lyrical, and the writing style is different. The first couplet focuses on describing the specific scenery in front of us, just like the meticulous brushwork of a painter, showing the shape, sound, color and state one by one. The second couplet focuses on rendering the atmosphere of the whole autumn, just like the painter's freehand brushwork, which should only be vivid and easy to understand, so that readers can supplement it with imagination. Triple expression of feelings, from vertical (time) and horizontal (space) two aspects, from wandering to sick and disabled. Quadrupling the number of white hair, protecting illness and abstinence from alcohol can be summed up as the hardship of the times is the root of poverty. In this way, Du Fu's feelings when he was worried about the country and the people and hurt the country were vividly displayed.
All eight sentences in this poem are correct. At first glance, the beginning and the end seem to be "wrong", and the chest and abdomen seem to be "wrong". After careful consideration, "every sentence in the article is law, and every word in the sentence is law." Not only "the whole article can be taught", but also "choose words and make sentences", "people in ancient and modern times dare not speak and will never speak" It is natural to win the reputation of "masterpiece" (see Hu Yinglin's poem).
Brief introduction of the author
Du fu (7 12 ~ 770), with beautiful words, tried to call himself "Shaoling night old". Take Jinshi as an example. He used to be a foreign minister in the school department, so he was called Du Gongbu internationally. He is the greatest realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is known as the "poet saint" after the Song Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. His poems boldly exposed the social contradictions at that time and expressed deep sympathy for the poor people. Many excellent works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, which is called "the history of poetry". In art, he is good at using various forms of poetry, especially rhythmic poetry; Various styles, mainly depression; Refined language with high expressive force. There are more than 1400 poems, including Du Gongbu Collection.