Xiong Tingbi (1569- 1625) was an Amin strategist. The word "Bai Fei" is also the abbreviation of non-white Xiong Tingbi, whose real name is Zhigang, and his ancestral home is Jiangxia (now Wuhan, Hubei). Xiong Tingbi was one of the "Three Heroes of Liaodong" in the late Ming Dynasty, because he was courageous, familiar with military affairs and good at shooting. When I was young, my poor family studied hard and memorized. Twenty-five years of Wanli (1597), won the first place after having obtained the provincial examination. In the following year, he was promoted to the post of Baoding, and many people who had been unjustly imprisoned by Wang Hu, the tax supervisor, were released to supervise the suggestion and withdraw the mine.
Thirty-six years of patrolling Liaodong. In the face of Liaodong's vast territory and sparsely populated border defense, especially the rise of forces in the late Jin Dynasty, the implementation of military camps, the construction of castles, and the violation of regulations by officials have greatly boosted military discipline. Chen Xiubian's plan to build a fortress to defend the Liao Dynasty is not consistent with the proposal of Governor Levin. Soon the inspector was in Nanzhili, and his reputation was strict.
In 47 years, the so-called 470,000 troops commanded by Levin were defeated in the battle with Salhu, an army of the late Jin Dynasty. From then on, the strength of the Ming Dynasty declined greatly, and it lost its advantage in Liaodong, so it had to attack and defend. After the war, after deliberation, Xiong Tingbi was promoted to right assistant minister and right adviser of the Ministry of War, and Levin was appointed as the manager of Liaodong. At that time, Kaiyuan and Tieling fell one after another, and Shenyang soldiers and civilians fled everywhere. After Xiong Tingbi came to power, he organized an army to flee, supervised the manufacture of weapons, repaired castles, and dispatched soldiers to guard various strategic positions to help each other and defend the country. He also personally visited Shenyang and Fushun to assess the situation, called for relocation and stabilized people's hearts. Xiong Tingbi's strategy was to give priority to defense, oppose the wave war, and unite with North Korea to contain the latter Jin, which was effective and made the latter Jin dare not travel lightly for more than a year. At the beginning of Xi Zongchu, Xiong Tingbi was disintegrated by the official because he did not invade the army. The letter was self-evident and demanded to be killed. The court was represented by Yuan Yingtai. Less than a year after the first year of the Apocalypse (162 1), Shenyang, an important town in Liaodong, and Liaoyang, the capital of Liaodong, were successively lost, Yuan Yingtai died, and the whole east of Liaohe became the later capital. Xiong Tingbi was called into the DPRK and put forward a three-way layout strategy: riding in Guangning (now Beizhen, Liaoning Province) to contain the main force of Houjin; In Tianjin and Dengse (now Penglai and Yexian in Shandong), governors were set up, and fleets were set up to fly into southern Liaoning. In the east, unite North Korea to attack Houjin from the rear; Set up a strategy to control Shanhaiguan.
In the Ming dynasty, he served as the minister of war and the right deputy capital, stationed in Shanhaiguan, and was promoted to Liaodong for the second time. At the same time, the court appointed Wang Huazhen as the governor. Despite his courage, he underestimated the military strength of Houjin and advocated actively eliminating Houjin within three months. Two people fought the main battle, and one kept the main battle, resulting in a situation of "disharmony after being caressed". However, the result of the court debate was to support Wang Huazhen and abandon Xiong Tingbi's strategy. Wang Huazhen is heavily guarded in Quang Ninh, while Xiong Tingbi is a figurehead with only a few thousand soldiers. Wang Huazhen did not listen to the constraints, and planned to attack Li Yongfang as an inside line to defeat the enemy. Before it could be implemented, Nurhachi took advantage of the freezing of Liaohe River to attack western Liaoning, besieged Xipingbao, west of Guangning, and helped the besieged city to annihilate 30,000 Ming troops who came to the rescue. At the same time, Sun Degong, a spy sent by the late Jin Dynasty to Guangning, provoked a mutiny and opened the city gate to meet the late Jin army. Wang Huazhen fled Quang Ninh in a mess and met Xiong Tingbi in Youtun. Wang Huazhen cried in front of Xiong Tingbi, and Xiong Tingbi laughed at him: "What about your plan to destroy gold for sixty thousand troops in three months?" Wang Huazhen suggested trying to stop the late Jin army again, but Xiong Tingbi made the wrong decision: completely withdrawing to Shanhaiguan, leaving the periphery of Shanhaiguan completely unguarded, many castles destroyed, and a large number of people in western Liaoning were forced to move to Shanhaiguan. Shortly after Wei Zhongxian retreated to the pass, he ordered eunuchs to protect Wang Huazhen and accused Xiong Tingbi. On September 6th, the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625), he was killed in Xishi. He was reported to Jiubian at the age of fifty.
Three years later, the loyal minister prosecuted, and in the second year of Chongzhen (1628), Emperor Chongzhen ordered his son to be beheaded and buried, which was the only way of revenge. It's an honor. His posthumous works include Xiong Xiangyu's Collection of Official Documents. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty praised Gong Yingde, and ordered Gong V's grandson to build a church in Xiuxian Township, Jiangxia, and a tomb in Guangfangling, Zhifang. The Republic of China established "Xiong Tingbi Road" in Wuchang. Today, people all over the region feel the heritage of the public, and the British-style parenting public will erect a monument and a statue to commemorate it forever.
The biography of Ming history, chapter 147, Xiong Tingbi (Wang Huazhen)
Xiong Tingbi is from Jiangxia. Twenty-five years of Wanli, won the first place after having obtained the provincial examination. Next year, Jinshi, Baoding and Yushi will be promoted.
Thirty-six years, patrolling Liaodong. Li, the governor and company commander, gave up Kuandian in Xinjiang and moved 60,000 people to the mainland. My work has been rewarded, and I have given it to Song. The lower court made an investigation, and the result was to abandon the land to expel the people, to disintegrate the charges of the two men, and to shelter the henchmen of former courtiers He Erjian and Kang Piyang. I have to be sparse. From time to time, letters came to Xingtun, and the court said that Liao was more barren. 80,000 years old, three minutes, you can get 1.3 million stones. The emperor praised the beauty and ordered it to be carried out in all directions. It's a good idea to pound the nest, but it's a problem. The imperial court said that keeping the border is the best, and building a fort has fifteen benefits. Play it. At the age of seven, when there was a drought, Ting Bi went to Jinzhou to pray for God. It rained for about seven days, but it didn't rain, which destroyed his temple. Three days later, Quang Ninh arrived, wrote a white card, sealed the sword, introduced Xiong Tingbi, and asked him to cut the sword. Before it arrived, the wind and thunder were blowing hard and the rain was pouring. Liao people think it is a god. After several years in Liao, Du Fu's legacy, the nuclear army, according to no judge, no matter what, the discipline was greatly improved.
Ancient ancestors used to "take trees as their nests" or lived in natural caves. In the Neolithic Age, semi-crypt houses were widely built on the Loess Plateau. The roof is made of branches, and there is a fire pit in the house. In the swamp area, there are dry fence buildings. The extensive application of wood structure and the high development of frame structure are the most prominent features of ancient architectural technology in China. There are "Gao", "Jing" and "Heng" in Oracle bone inscriptions of Yin people. The roofs are all herringbone, with walls and columns below. The roof can be paved with thatch (so-called "Mautz steps"). "Kao Gong Ji" said that merchants "have four houses and heavy buildings", indicating that there were four slopes and two floors of complex architectural forms in Shang Dynasty. A large palace site was found in Erlitou early Shang site in Yanshi, Henan Province. The rammed earth platform of Zhengzhou Mall Palace is 80m long and14.5m deep. The column base is made of stone or copper. The building itself consists of wooden beams, columns, doors and windows and rammed earth walls, and the skeleton consists of columns and beams. All the weight is borne by the column and transmitted to the west. This wall only acts as a partition. From the Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty for more than 3,000 years, China's architectural technology basically developed in this direction. No matter what kind of wood structure, the components are mainly tenon-mortise joints. This mortise-and-tenon structure has been used in the Ganlan building of Hemudu site in Zhejiang Province, including square and round tenons, rectangular and round tenons, and some components have both mortises and mortises. In the Warring States tombs in Changsha, there are three forms: tenon and mortise, silver ingot and tooth shape, which shows that this architectural structure was independently created by our ancestors.
The grand scale and technological progress of ancient buildings stand out in urban architecture and planning. Legend has it that guns built a city. In recent years, castles equivalent to the Xia Dynasty have been found in Wang Chenggang, Dengfeng and Dongxiafeng, Xia County, Shanxi Province, all of which were built with rammed earth. The rammed earth wall of Zhengzhou Mall has an existing height of four meters, a maximum height of nine meters, a base width of six meters, and a rammed layer thickness of 8&; #0; 10 cm. According to exploration, the whole city wall is seven kilometers long and slightly square, and there are various versions. The capital of Luoyang in the Zhou Dynasty was an irregular square, with a length of 3300 meters from north to south and a wall of nearly 3000 meters in the north. The main building is south of the central part, which is consistent with the descriptions of "Fang Jiuli" and "Central Palace" in Kao Gong Ji. There were thousands of families in the city of Fiona Fang during the Warring States Period. For example, there are 70,000 households in Linzi, Qi, which are divided into inner and outer cities. Xia Yan, the capital of Yan State, is also divided into an inner city and an outer city, which is 8,300 meters long from east to west and 4,000 meters long from north to south. The main buildings are arranged on the central axis of the city, becoming a complete architectural complex with clear primary and secondary, symmetrical left and right, and there are tombs and handicraft workshops in the city.
1978 The bronze version of "The City Map of Jinyin Cuozhao" unearthed from Zhongshan King's Tomb in Pingshan, Hebei Province, is 94 cm long and 48 cm wide, which is the overall design plan of Zhongshan King's Tomb and Hou's Tomb, and the drawing scale is about one third of it.
The development of building materials is of great significance to building engineering. Ceramic tiles have been used since the Western Zhou Dynasty. For example, ceramic tiles, including board tiles and pipe tiles, are piled around three houses in the ruins of Chenzhao Village. Herringbone roof tiles were also unearthed at the site of Xi 'an Anke Shengzhuang. After the Spring and Autumn Period, the use of tiles became more common. Qin also has bronze cast "full bars", which are used as beam-column joints and decorations.
There are stars on my temples, which surprises me. I feel like sending them.
[From]: Shuanglian of Lu You&; Middot in order to be able to wait for the system "
(1125-1210) Southern Song Dynasty poet. The word Wu Guan, No.,was born in Yuezhou, Yinshan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). His life is rich in works, including dozens of books and more than 9300 poems. He wrote the most poems in the history of China literature.
The stars are in the temples, but the ambitions are in the air. This body is like a gift. Depression is a disease. Go into the darkness and destroy the heroic spirit of that year.
Dreams break the mountains and rivers of the old country, separated by heavy smoke and water. In Wan Li, the old club was zeroed in. Who remembers the handsome tour?
I am busy in Jinli, sighing that the official has been idle for a long time, and Chai Jing has slept. Clear your mind and get drunk. Who will pay attention on this occasion?
Even with Chu and Wu Qiang, when will they die in the East? Empty disappointment, beautiful fragrance, autumn wind again. The wind is blowing dust, it is sighing, and the green is shaking the gold. Tears are stored in the guest's chest. Like blood, who can hold it?
Thinking about amorous feelings, pressing Jiangnan belle. Spring is charming. How to endure the gazebo and get married in a hurry?
The eyes are broken and the sun is flat, and the smoke is thick and the trees are far away. In a sad and happy dream. Tired of tourists, it is also a river thousands of miles away.
The hardest thing is to sing a thorough eulogy, and it's too late to stay. What is the limit? Stay with Ding Ning, already drunk. [Appreciation]:
( 1)
Fan Zhineng, a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, is one year younger than Lu You.
In September of the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1 162), Xiaozong had acceded to the throne. Both of them were auditors in Lin 'an, and their colleagues knew each other. In June of the second year of Xichun (1 175), Fan Chengda came to Shu and learned that Chengdu was in charge of the Sichuan diplomatic mission, and Lu You was appointed as the appeasement department of Chengdu and the political commissar of the Sichuan Diplomatic Corps. Fan Chengda wrote a poem: "I have been separated from the military attache Lu by the holy mansion for five years, and I often take June as my parting date, which seems to count." Song history. Lu Youchuan said, "Fan Chengda is handsome and Shu, and you are an officer. It is impolite of him to pay in writing. People laugh at his arrogance because he is pretentious. " This spring, Lu You retired from Chengxi Bridge due to illness. Fan Chengda also begged for a job because of illness. In June of four years, he left Shu and returned to Korea. When Fan and Lu were in Shu, they also had many singing works in return. This poem is one of them, which was written after Lu You fell ill and abdicated three years ago.
In the third year of Xichun, Lu You was fifty-two years old. He left the Nanzheng military and became an official in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Chengdu. Later, he was dismissed due to illness and was "ridiculed", which made him feel that he was not rewarded when he was old. Therefore, the first three sentences of the last film: "The stars shine on the temples, the ambition is empty, and this body is like sending", which is to write this feeling. This kind of feeling, just like what he said in "The Book of Drama in Illness", "The fleeting time is weak", and in "Feeling Things", he said: "Teenagers are late and strong." The "elimination" and "violation" of "strengthening the heart" are mainly forced by environment and disease, so the word "disease" is followed by: "Depression is a disease." Go into darkness and get rid of the pride of that year. "Poetry these days often calls itself a" sick horse ".For example, Shu Huai said," The rotten horse has been destroyed ",and Song Jixing said," If you ride Ma Qianli, you will get something, and you will hurt yourself if you hang your head. "This year's poem, Shu Kang said," ups and downs never forget the world, but ". The poem "Feeling after Being Drunk on a Summer Night" wrote: "I want to pour the water in the sky and wash the dust in Guanzhong.