Huang Longshi, also known as Xia, is from Jiangyan, Tai County, Jiangsu Province. According to Xu Xingyou's Records of Mountain Hall Games, he was born and worked in Shunzhi for eight years (165 1 year) or eleven years (1654). Huang Longshi was gifted, and when he was young, he became a chess player in the neighborhood of Wenda. When he grew up, his father took him to Beijing to find a famous chess player to play chess. Since then, Huang Longshi's chess skills have greatly improved. In the third year of Kangxi, when he visited the tea village in Menningdu, his chess skills were far from those of the national players. When he met Du for the second time, he was already a national player. Played seven games with Shanda, which has enjoyed a long reputation in the chess world for more than 50 years, and won a great victory. Lu said that he played chess like "Huaiyin fought invincible". In the early Qing Dynasty, Huang Longshi stood out from the crowd, "looking down on everything" and dominating the country. Zhou Donghou, a senior, is now under Huang Longshi, and other chess players dare not compete with him. People regard Huang Longshi as a chess saint, and he, Huang Zongxi, Gu and other thinkers are also called "Fourteen Saints". Unfortunately, Huang Longshi died in middle age.

According to Records of the History of Qing Dynasty, when Xu Xingyou first met Huang Longshi, he was awarded Xu by Huang. After several games, he was awarded the third place. After ten games, Xu Xingyou has become a national game. Among the famous artists, "there has never been such a cover since the third son entered the country."

But after Xu Xingyou became famous, he was not grateful to Huang Longshi, but jealous of Huang Longshi. Because at that time, only Huang Longshi was more famous than Xu Xingyou, and only Huang Longshi could beat him. Therefore, Xu Xingyou dreamed of getting rid of Huang Longshi and dominating the chess world. Xu Xingyou is not a fool. He doesn't want to be accused of ingratitude. In that case, even the best chess will not be ashamed of the world. Thinking about it, Xu Xingyou thought of playing with toys. Liu Bei in the Three Kingdoms period was a hero admired all over the world. He was cheated by Zhou Yu and almost went astray. It was only because of Zhuge Liang that he jumped into the brilliant pit. Rebirth the heart of hegemony. Huang Longshi is not Liu Bei, and there is no Zhuge Liang to save him. Are you afraid he won't fall for it?

It is said that Xu Xingyou has a rich family business and a surplus of gold and silver. So, he built a luxurious pavilion for Huang Longshi, respectfully invited his teacher to his home, gave big offerings every day, put beautiful women in the front and back rooms, played stringed instruments day and night, held banquets, or ordered his family to accompany Huang Longshi to find famous prostitutes and indulge in wine. In short, it is full of feasts, drunkenness and tricks. At that time, people thought that Xu Xingyou would never forget his roots when he became famous, and he was also very kind to his teachers, and everyone praised him. In this way, Huang Longshi debauchery. After three years, he was finally exhausted.

Another said that Huang Longshi has always been conceited by "pretending to be a saint", striving for strength and winning, and never giving up. One day, Xu Xingyou invited three masters in Yilin, each of whom was only slightly inferior to Huang Longshi in chess. Then Huang Longshi was invited to his house, pointed to the three sets of chess that had already been set, and said, "The chess of these three people is also rare. I play against three people at the same time, and I lose every time. The three of them raved that even if the mentor arrived, there was no chance of winning by one enemy and three. What do you think? " Sure enough, please don't dare. Huang Longshi now asked three people to sit down and said that they would "kill three parties". As a result, he ran around and took turns, and none of them were idle. Huang Longshi was so tired that he tried to win these three sets of chess. However, that night, Huang Longshi finally died of overwork and vomiting blood. Xu Xingyou became the first hand of forest management in the world.

It is also said that the above stories are all told by novelists, and it is not necessary to read them after dinner, but they are not true. "Anecdotes of the Qing Dynasty" said to Xu and Huangshi, "It is good to raise yourself and belittle others." . However, Xu Xingyou's book Biography of the Mountain Hall praised Huang Longshi, without any disrespect, unlike people who can do immoral things. Perhaps it was because after Huang Longshi's death, Xu Xingyou became famous for forty years, and it was inevitable that some people were jealous, so they made these rumors to discredit him. Come to think of it, this statement seems to make sense.

Huang Longshi has a unique talent for chess. At first glance, it seems unremarkable, but it's hidden, and it's hard for opponents to detect. If he dares to use force, he will improvise and take it by surprise, forcing his opponent to be dwarfed and trap himself. Deng praised: "Long's family used his thoughts to be intimate and went deep into Austria. When it comes to life and death, the wisdom of the group can be subtle, benefiting from clever use, ethereal change, and death. " He said, "The Dragon is like a fairy, and there is no dust to think about." At that time, people even called him "fourteen saints" with Huang Zongxi, Gu and other philosophers, and praised him as "chess saint", which shows its great influence.

Huang Longshi's greatest contribution to the development of Weiqi is that he changed the style of Weiqi. Before him, the chess style was narrow and dignified. Huang Longshi greatly changed the style of chess. After that, the situation was open, light and changeable, and far-reaching thinking.

There are many comments on Huang Longshi's chess style. Xu Xingyou summed up Huang Longshi's chess like this: "Deep water is thick and thin, but the skeleton is handsome and handsome. The so-called shape is human, but I am invisible, and everything is empty, so I can do anything. " "One breath, leafy, nothing more. Its dull and boring state makes the enemy have to accept it. " You can surpass the world without being touched by dust. "In general, Huanglongtu considers the game to be comprehensive, accurate in judgment, active and changeable, and does not take attacking and killing as the main means of winning.

Huang Longshi's chess works include An Outline and Complete Map of Huang Longshi. In addition, Deng also integrated Huang Longshi's 70 chess games into Mr. Huang Longshi's Chess Manual, which collected most of the essence of Huang Longshi's chess manual.

In particular, it is worth mentioning that Huang wrote a preface for The Complete Map of Huang Longshi. This is a valuable summary of Huanglongtu's own rich experience, which comprehensively shows the strategy and tactics of Go, and his insights are original and incisive and thought-provoking. As he said, the layout and overall strategy. "Expanding territory is nothing more than an outline. You can be a capital near the danger and make a short-term interception. This is the general idea of starting. " When talking about the principles and tactics of attack and defense, he said: "The soil borrows from each other and the front edge is connected. If you fight, the sheep master is unique and invincible in front of you: the code is harmonious and one person keeps it, and the seven chivalrous men abolish it. " The general trend of attack and defense on this side and abdomen. "When it comes to sizing up the situation, he said:" If the land is distributed equally, the strong will be strong, and there will be strong competition, and the wise will win. You will envy your ancestors first, and you will be humiliated after entering the customs. This plan will fall through. When it comes to strategy, he said, "The similarity between reality and emptiness is just a wonderful thing, and it is only to judge what is appropriate, to give up what is appropriate, and to clarify each other's priorities. "These are Huang Longshi's insights from the actual competition, and they also show Huang Longshi's own chess style.

Today, the Japanese chess world is still amazed at his superb chess skills. Huang Longshi's game is light and changeable, with round thinking, open situation and great verve. His book Yi Kuo has a preface, which is a summary of his actual combat experience. His insights are incisive and thought-provoking. Among them, he wrote: "The border is open to the outside world, and there is nothing outside. It is very dangerous to build a capital, which is a summary." This is the layout of the speaker, to occupy the main points on the field, "to seize the capital" and "to block", to make chess stand on its feet and to attack and defend the fortress; It is necessary to consider the future development from the local idea to the overall starting point in order to achieve "excellent spiritual realm". In addition to Yi Kuo, Huang Longshi also wrote The Complete Map of Huang Longshi, ten self-made scores and four major plays, which became the precious wealth of China traditional culture.

Later generations called Huang Longshi a "chess saint", and the Qing Dynasty deserved it.

Fan Xiping (also known as Xiping) was born in the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (1709), a native of Haining, Zhejiang. He is the leader of four big families, and his life is recorded in detail in Yuan Mei's Epitaph of Fan Xiping and Bi Shen's Preface to Autumn Tour.

Fan Xiping's father is a chess fan. He didn't have fun until he got home. Unfortunately, the chess skill has never been high, so I only passed this hobby on to my son. When Fan Xiping was three years old, he watched his father play chess with people, so he spoke and told me what to do. What a natural chess genius!

The father was very happy to see his son as good as himself, lest his son be as bad as himself. Now he takes his son to worship Zhuang Zhuzhen and Zhang Weishi, and his chess skills are improving day by day. Soon, both teachers fell behind him in chess. His father also sent him to learn from Yu Changhou, a famous chess player in Yin Shan, who ranked third in chess. Under the guidance of this famous teacher, Fan Xiping has grown faster. At the age of twelve, I was on an equal footing with Yu Changhou. Three years later, Xiping has been accepted by her husband first. He fought with Mr. Wang for ten times, and Mr. Wang couldn't cope with the students' fierce offensive at all, and they were all defeated by the students. From then on, Yu Changhou stopped playing chess with him. When he was 0/6 years old, he became a world-famous national athlete.

When Fan Xiping finished his studies, it was during the reign of Yongzheng and Qianlong. Living in Songjiang with Yu Changhou, he was warmly received by chess player Qian Changze. More than ten years later, Fan Xiping visited Songjiang again to help Qian Changze compile "the selection of endgame categories" from his "research in the morning and evening".

When Fan Xiping became famous, the world was at peace, and the officials talked a lot and had nothing to do. They compete for money to please a strong man to compete with Fan Xiping as a pleasure. At that time, the chess masters Liang Weijin, Cheng Lanru, Han Xuezhi and Huang Dou were defeated. Hu, who is famous for his superb chess skills, is often defeated. In "Two Masterpieces of Haichang", Lao Hu is often given two or three sons, but he is always a famous national general, which shows that Fan and Shi are outstanding.

At that time, there was only one person who could compete with Fan Xiping, and that was Shi Xiangxiang, one of the four great families. However, according to various historical records, Shi Xiangxiang was a long-term candidate, and his thinking was not as agile and flexible as that of Fan Xiping. When they play chess, Shi Xiangxiang often locks his eyebrows and meditates, but he can't get a child for a long time. Fan Xiping was so relaxed that he seemed to completely ignore the chess game and even went to bed after the game. On one occasion, Fan Xiping's overall situation was critical, and people watching chess thought that he had no hope of winning and would lose. Fan Xiping still doesn't think so. After a while, he robbed me, and sure enough, seventy-two moves came back from the dead, and all the people watching chess were amazed.

Xia and he are fellow villagers and classmates, and they are about the same age (Fan is one year older). They often played chess together before they became famous. Later, they became national players one after another, so they parted ways and went their separate ways, and there were not many gatherings. According to Hu Jingfu's words quoted in the Preface to the National Games, Fan, Shi Yongzheng and Gan Longchu played ten games in Beijing. Unfortunately, the records of these ten games are nowhere to be found now. Later, when Qianlong was four years old, Fan Heshi was invited by people in Danghu (also known as Pinghu) to teach them to play chess. Two famous chess players were invited to play games as a demonstration, and Fan Heshi played the famous "Ten Games in Danghu". The original 13 game, the existing 1 1 game, Shi Liu leads than five. Ten innings in Danghu is the most exquisite masterpiece of Fan Xiping and Shi Xiangxiang in their lives, and it is also the pinnacle of China's ancient game. Players of the same generation speak highly of it. Qian said: "In the past, those who were good at Go were called chess saints. If you are two gentlemen, you really deserve the title of chess saint. Although there are only ten games, it is wonderful for generations. " Deng Yuansui thinks these ten games are the "best" in chess.

In Danghu, apart from playing chess, Fan and Shi mainly taught his sons Zhang and Zhang Shichang to play chess. Zhang and his son are both literate and good at chess, and are known as the "three cards". During his teaching of chess, Fan played with three chess recipients successively, and selected 28 wonderful chess games from them and carved them into a book "Three".

Fan Xiping and Shi Xiang are far superior to many chess players, and they are few and far between. Generally, players like Zhang and his son can only start after receiving the children. Players at that time ranged from two sons to eleven sons. Whoever lets you play chess is called chess guide, which was a practical and effective way to train backward people at that time. In addition, both Fan and Shi have personally instructed many disciples and made great contributions to the development of Weiqi.

Fan Xiping's chess name has spread all over Wenda, and his student Bi Yuan once wrote a long poem "Song of Playing Chess in Autumn", in which there is such a sentence: "You are a chess saint in today's world". At that time, Fan Xiping was less than forty years old.

Fan Xiping lived in Yangzhou in his later years, when Yangzhou was one of the centers of Weiqi. During the period, student Bian Wenheng brought the teacher's new book "De" for comments. (Bian is also a student of the teacher) According to the chess game in the book, Fan added new ideas and wrote a two-volume chess manual. In order to make it famous in the world, the peak of Yangzhou Salt Transportation History was named after the official ancient well "Peach Blossom Garden", and the book was printed on behalf of the public funds in the department. This is the game spectrum of Peach Blossom Garden. Fan Xiping also created other Go works in Yangzhou.

three

Fan Xiping didn't give up Go completely in his later years. According to Mo, in the early years of Jiaqing, he went to Shanghai. At that time, the best chess player in Shanghai was Ni Kerang, followed by Gong Jialu and others. Ni Kerang disdains playing chess with others, while Gong Jialu and others set up a chess game in Yuyuan Garden to gamble with chess players from all directions. One day, Fan Xiping came to the Yuyuan Garden and saw someone playing chess, so he retired. After watching it for a while, the guest will lose, so give him advice. The people next to him were very unhappy and said to Fan, "This is gambling. Onlookers can't talk much. Since you can play chess, why not decide for yourself? " Fan Xiping smiled, took out a large ingot of silver from his pocket and said to everyone, "This is my bet." Seeing so much money, all the people were jealous and rushed to play chess with Fan. Fan went on to say, "I'm not afraid of people talking about playing chess." You can play with me. " Halfway through the game, the opponent was at a loss and at a loss. So someone hurried to report to Gong Jialu. Gong Jialu arrived, and Fan Xiping was poised. First, the third son played games with him, and Gong Jialu lost. Fan Xiping again, Gong Jialu still lost. Everyone is stupid. I had to bring in the last reinforcements, Nikjean. Nicole let the wind catch him. When they met, Hall said nothing. He reached out and messed up the chessboard, telling everyone, "This is Mr. Fan, and you are no match for him!" " The news spread quickly, and rich people in Shanghai asked him to teach chess. The first four sons of the Pan family in Xicangqiao presented a game of chess, and the chess watchers recorded the game and compiled it into a book called Four Sons.

Fan Xiping's date of death is unknown. Yuan Mei, a great writer, once wrote an epitaph for Fan Xiping, which did not specify the date of death, age and burial place, but only said that he died on a certain day of the month and was buried later. Yuan Mei died on 1797. In fact, Fan's going to Shanghai to play chess has a detailed record. It is estimated that Fan Xiping was not dead when Yuan Mei wrote the epitaph. That is the so-called "sacrifice of life". Of course, this is just speculation.

Fan Xiping is an honest, frank and simple man. He doesn't want to make money except playing chess. If you have money, you will also give half to the poor families in your hometown. Yuan Mei praised him as a man and said, "I don't like playing chess, but I like playing on the west screen." He thinks that those who "respect officials and value learning" are not as noble as Fan Xiping.

Fan Xiping's chess style has been summarized by many predecessors. Li Zeng, a chess player, once said to Ren Weinan, "Jun equals only one side, and there are two sides left. If Mr. Xiping is an enemy on all sides. " This means that Fan Xiping's overall concept is particularly strong. Li talked about this in more detail in the preface to Passion. He said: Fan Xiping "can take what it has abandoned, bend what it has extended, lose its western corner to make up its eastern corner, bend this corner and stretch it, change time and shift it, and cover up its strangeness every time." Fan Xiping pays less attention to the gains and losses of one city and one place, but pays more attention to the overall situation. The specific technique is "change with time, change every time." This technology has been learned by many players and has a high evaluation. Shi Xiangxiang said: "Fan Xiping won by bluffing." Deng Yuansui said: "The west screen is extremely high, like Long Bian, and unpredictable." "Xiping Mountain is high and high." Bi Yuan also described Fan Xiping's chess style in "Song of Chess in Autumn Hall": "Huaiyin will entrust troops to command, and the deer will break through Chu, so as to exercise the magic machine. In Yin Kun's fierce battle against thunderstorm, Tiger and Leopard shares flew on Suwa's tail. Director Wu is partial to teachers, while Yu Zi is left. Suddenly shocked, the raiders went up and down in the sky, and before eating, the overall situation was broken. "

Li Ruzhen, a chess player in Qing Dynasty, once said when talking about the four great masters: "These four great masters are novel and unique, higher than before. Fan Youfan, thinking of people. " It is no accident that Fan Xiping got such a high evaluation. He not only absorbed all the experience of his predecessors, but also innovated and developed. This can be seen from his Preface to the Peach Blossom Garden. In this preface, he first talked about the "practical thing" of playing Go, and he himself "loved the music of his predecessors from his early years, regardless of his own heart." Then, he talked about the situation of chess in the Ming Dynasty: "There were writers in the Ming Dynasty, but they were all vague and didn't raise words. They speak in order, but in the opposite direction. " This is a short board for chess players and players. He also talked about the chess players in the early years of the Qing Dynasty: "At the beginning of the country, the chess players in amusement parks were all lonely, single-minded, born in succession, born in reality, and born later." Righteousness, strangeness, surpassing predecessors. " Then, he talked about his generation of players: "In the past 30 years, there have been no players in the country, and those smaller than one millimeter will definitely survive in the official." When trading changes, there is always a brainwave; Every two or three, use a comprehensive plan everywhere. Fan Xiping believes that the fundamental reason why Weiqi can keep moving forward like this is that "it won't stay still forever". This fully shows that Fan Xiping is not superstitious about the innovative spirit of his predecessors. Li also said this sentence: "Fan Dao, like Chinese martial arts, is invincible without following the ancient law." What is valuable about Fan Xiping is that he doesn't think that Go will stop when it develops to himself. He thinks there is no limit to the development of Go.

Fan Xiping's Peach Blossom Garden is one of the most influential and valuable ancient books in the history of China. This book, "Stop abruptly and don't attack the former sages", is extremely rich, comprehensive and incisive, and records Fan Xiping's unique views on Weiqi. As soon as this book was published, it caused a sensation in the chess world and was popular for some time. Later, it was reprinted in multiple editions, which influenced countless players for 200 years.

Besides Huang Hefan, another peak of chess in Qing Dynasty should be Shi Xiangxiang's Summer.

Xia's name is Shao Yin, and his name is Ding An. Born in the forty-ninth year of Kangxi (17 10) and died in the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong (177 1). He is also a native of Haining, Zhejiang, and a native of Fan Xiping. It is not necessarily true that Fan and Shi are half-brothers. Shi Xiangxiang recorded his life in detail in Yi Li Guizhi Preface.

Shi studied in a private school since childhood. He is an honest and quiet child. His father is an elegant scholar, good at poetry and calligraphy, and also draws some orchids and bamboos. In his later years, he lived in seclusion at home, often burning incense and playing the piano or playing chess with his guests. After finishing his homework, Shi Xiangxiang sat beside his father and watched him play the piano and chess. Gradually, he became interested in this chess game and began to ask his father the truth. His father said to him, "Learning piano should be elegant rather than complicated, and learning chess should be spiritual rather than sluggish. You are thin and sick, and learning the piano is better. " So Shi began to learn piano. But not long after, the father found that his son loved Go more than Qin. At that time, Fan Xiping, one year older than Shi Xiangxiang, studied chess with Yu Changhou. By the age of twelve, he had been on an equal footing with his teacher, which made Shi Xiangxiang very envious. Father also sent him to the door of Yu Changhou. At first, Fan Xiping wanted Shi Xiangxia's third son. A year later, they could play chess first.

I was taught by my third son, Mr. Yu Changhou, for a year. Shi Xiangxiang's aggressive personality and unwilling to stay for a long time, with the encouragement of teachers and talented brothers, have grown geometrically, and will soon be able to compete with Fan Xiping. In the meantime, the old chess player Xu Xingyou once asked the third son to play chess with Shi Xiangxiang. China's veteran chess player, who has an eye for pearls, attaches great importance to this young chess player and presents his own chess manual "Shantang Chess Manual" to him. Shi Xiangxiang did not live up to high expectations. He has studied this famous book for several years and benefited a lot.

At the age of twenty-one, Shi Xiangxiang met Liang Weijin and Cheng Lanru in Huzhou. Both of them played a few games of chess with him first, and learned a lot from Shi Xiangxiang. Two years later, Shi Xiangxiang met Liang Weijin again. They were very excited to visit Yanshan Mountain and saw the flowing water at the foot of the mountain. Liang Weijin said to Shi, "You played this chess game well, but did you really understand the mystery?" When playing chess, you should leave when you should, and stop when you should. Let nature take its course and don't force it. This is the truth of playing chess. Although you deliberately pursue it, you have the problem of' going too far', so you have not lost the first level for three years. " Shi Xiangxiang carefully understood this profound discussion and realized that he had been ambitious and took a detour. From then on, Shi Xiangxiang changed his old chess style and finally became a generation of chess saints.

In the next 30 years, he traveled all over Wu Chu, playing chess with many famous players and exchanging chess skills. After the age of 50, like Fan Xiping, he also lived in Yangzhou, teaching and educating people, and spent a lot of effort to train the next generation. He has many students, but he is always modest. In his later years in Yangzhou, he also wrote a lot of Go works, leaving a valuable legacy for later players.

On the basis of predecessors, history appeared in the history of chess with its own unique features. In the preface of "Game Return", Shi Xiangxiang has a very incisive exposition to his predecessors and players of the same age: "Since the Holy Dynasty, celebrities have come forth in large numbers, outstanding and superior." For example, Zhou Donghou's novelty, Zhou Lazy's profundity, Wang Hannian's superb anecdote and Huang Longshi's remoteness, Xu Xingyou, Lou Zien, Wu's implicit superiority, Liang Weijin and Cheng Lanru's vigorous superiority. "It is based on such profound research and analysis of other players that Shi Xiangxiang has become a shining star in the cultural history of the Chinese nation.

Deng Yuansui said: "The temple is like a giant immersed in the sea and has far-reaching influence." "The temple is deep, dense and rigorous, like an old horse galloping, without losing its pace." Far-sightedness and steady play are the main characteristics of Shi Xiang's Xia Qi style. Shi himself said: "The reason why poor families are built is invisible, but the decisive victory comes from layout." He wrote in "My own Poem": "If you think about it carefully, you will lose more. If you wave often, you will be more creative. If you don't absorb the mystery in silence, even if you are enlightened, it is illusory. " Some people say that the history of the superior was criticized after playing ten games in Danghu. In fact, it should be said that this is the truth of young players who only learn the fur of Fan Xiping.

Shi Xiangxiang particularly emphasized this kind of "quietness". He said in "General Tactics of Meeting Points": "Static energy can stop fatigue and escape, which is actually to attack the weak and attack the soft." This is the same meaning as what he said, "the machine is prosperous, there is no trace, everything is exhausted, and the salt is natural" and "the chess stops at the end". "Quiet" means "nature", that is, "stop in suspense", which is what Liang Weijin said to Shi Xiangxiang in those days: "Do what you do" and "stop when you stop". This is not advocating passivity. Shi Xiangxiang has always attached importance to striving for initiative. He once said: "Work and rest, no matter how relaxed and busy you are, you must compete first." This is not in contradiction with "quietness". The key is to take the initiative to "do" and "stop", so that it is possible to use static braking, wait for merit, attack the virtual with reality, and combine rigidity with softness. This is the secret of Shi Xiang's summer chess style.

five

Shi Xiangxiang has made great contributions in theory. After carefully summing up the gains and losses of previous chess works, he wrote his own works. He highly praised Shantang Chess Manual and Evening Pavilion Chess Manual, but he also boldly and pointedly pointed out their shortcomings. In the preface to chess, he said, "Xu Zhu's Shantang Chess Manual is a great study. Cheng's book "Evening Fragrant Pavilion Music" lacks words. Those that naturally pass the evaluation of it, or after receiving hundreds of works, or better than the ever-changing ones, have deep meanings and are always difficult to judge in detail. Those uneducated people are still sighing at the ocean. Second, the method of observing scripture is incomplete, and the significance of exercising rights is not analyzed. " This scientific attitude is commendable, which also makes Shi's works have a great development compared with previous people. His two-volume Yi Li Gui Zhi is a model of ancient chess in China, and it is the crystallization of Shi's life's painstaking efforts, which can be compared with Peach Blossom Garden. Therefore, the original text of the book is a formula in classical Chinese, with profound words and few charts. Qian Changze updated it to match the map, and integrated the three volumes of Yi Li and Gui Zhi Map.

After Shi Xiangxiang's death, his student Li Liang published a sequel to Yi Li Gui Zhi for him. Part of this book, all the general tactics of encounter, almost summed up all the methods of Go at that time. It is a book that comprehensively discusses the tactics of Go, and it is a rare classic of classical Go theory in China. These formulas are Shi's experience in actual combat and research all his life, with concise grammar and rich content. The level of chess in Kanggan period, represented by stone and stone, is a peak in the whole history of Weiqi development. Fan Xiping, Shi Xiangxiang and others pushed Go to an unprecedented height.

Before Stone, the theory of Go was not summarized except the Thirteen Classics, and the most common was the compilation of various moves and the collection of actual chess games. However, Chapter 13 of Chess Classic summarizes all aspects of Weiqi, which can generally help to understand the rules of Weiqi, but it can't play a specific guiding role.

Shi Xiangxiang's main works are Yi Li Gui Zhi and Yi Li Guizhi's Continuation, and The Land for Military Strategists is a part of the latter's works. These two books set each other off with Fan Xiping's masterpiece Peach Blossom Garden, and they are equally famous in history, both of which are classics in ancient chess. Because Shi is not only a superb chess player, but also has a considerable literary accomplishment, he combined his exploration and understanding of Go theory with actual combat and wrote the general tactics of Where to Pay Attention to Points, which is more praised by the world. In terms of depth, some principles and laws of playing Go have exceeded the thirteen chapters of the Chess Classic. His "general tips" turn abstract into concrete, abstruse into popular, complicated into fine, which embodies Shi's philosophical understanding of the inherent laws of Go.

The theory of Go involved in the general tactics of rendezvous points can be roughly divided into three parts.

I. Overview of the overall situation.

"Starting from the edge, attacking others is original." The general idea is that it is the fundamental principle to take the corner first, then occupy the side, occupy the favorable terrain and then attack the opponent. Sun Tzu's Art of War says that "it is easy to wait for merit", and this truth is also true in Go.

2. Local strategic policies.

"The attack should be tight and wide." This sentence is about the principle of attacking solitary chess. The general idea is that when attacking the opponent's solitary chess, if the opponent is still weak, scattered and unable to fight back, then try harder and don't leave him room to play chess on the spot. On the contrary, the opponent's solitary chess has formed a certain scale and has a certain counterattack ability. At that time, the attack will stay away from it, as long as it is contained.

Similar to the classic: "The two places can only be broken if they have feelings. The three parties should not fight each other. " These two sentences are about the principle of "breaking off" and treating yourself alone. The general idea is that if the opponent's chess is cut into two parts and both parts need to be taken care of, then your cut is meaningful, otherwise your cut is meaningless. From the point of view of efficiency, it is an invalid behavior, and Go is very efficient.

Three. Countermeasures under specific circumstances. The "Tips of Huitong" also talks about the handling methods of many specific situations, mainly the skills in actual combat of Go. The analysis in this aspect needs the help of many concrete examples in the actual battle of Weiqi and the technical atlas of Weiqi, which is beyond the writing intention of the book "Random Talk on Weiqi". I had to give up what was left of me.

Another special contribution of Shi Xiangxiang is to study the chess skills of predecessors and peers, and he has a very incisive exposition on them. In Yi Li Gui Zhi, he said: "Since the Holy Dynasty, celebrities have come forth in large numbers and are outstanding. For example, Zhou Donghou's novelty, Zhou Laziness's profundity, Wang Hannian's super anecdote and Huang Longshi's remoteness are better than Xu Xingyou, Lou Zien, Wu, Liang Weijin, Cheng Lanru and boldness. " These wonderful comments not only make us understand the chess skills of historical figures, but also give us tips to learn their chess skills.

Shi Xiangxiang particularly emphasized this kind of "quietness", not impetuous, not caring about temporary gains and losses, and enduring loneliness. Only when he reaches the realm of "quietness" can he really participate in the wonderful theory of Go. Shi Xiangxiang wrote in "My own Poem": "If you think about it carefully, you will lose more. Wave your hand often, it will be more fresh. If you don't participate in the mystery in silence, even enlightenment is illusory. "

In Shi Xiangxiang's time, there was no formal Go game. His "Ten Games in Danghu" against Fan Xiping is the highest embodiment of his chess skills, and it is also a model for future generations to learn Weiqi, which has had a far-reaching influence in the field of Weiqi at home and abroad. His theory has played an indelible role in countless people who study Go.

Appendix: Nine Poems by Shi Xiangxiang (this is the continuation of the first nine questions by Yi Li and Gui Zhi)

The number of tattoos is counted according to Sunday, and the sages wrote it after Yao Qi.

After all, Xuan Ji followed nature, and there was no biography in the middle.

Thirteen articles are all true, including the most understandable ones.

What are the defects of various spectra? Don't be creative.

Implement the foundation of the corner tree and escape from the humanity of Sri Lanka.

If you are calm, the power will push the front, and naturally you will defeat the enemy without fighting.

I have been sitting quietly donating money, and I have a good chance of winning the prize.

Not as cunning as Sun Wu, honest and natural.

A corner of wisdom is successful, and black and white dispute right and wrong.

Familiar with the general tactics, the origin of the ten thousand sects must first have several.

The change of Jiugong refers to the chapter, and the origin of the game is exhausted.

I lost a book in fear, and I repeated the law in detail.

The layout is invisible and static, and the machine is like a virtual spirit.

You should know that the middle road is the same as the original road, and don't mistake the side door for atypical.

If you think about it carefully, you should be honest and suffer more, but waving your hand frequently is even more ingenious.

If you don't participate in the wonderful reasons in silence, even if you understand them, it's futile.

What's the change in shape? What are the unknown clues?

Know the yin and yang and the back. Use this secret.